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This paper analyses the influence of ideologies on political discourse, in terms not only of content but also of form and interaction, defining ideology in the broadest sense of basic beliefs shared by members of a group and understanding political discourse to be a class of genres defined by a social domain, namely that of politics. The ways in which ideologically based beliefs are exhibited in discourse and discursive evidence in the interplay of several ideologies are analysed in the form of a debate on asylum seekers in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary debates are particularly revealing for these purposes because their text and content exhibit the social cognitions of political parties and their members. An analysis of this particular debate shows how political discourse in general, and parliamentary debates in particular, are replete with ideological expressions and rhetorical tropes at all levels. ; This paper analyses the influence of ideologies on political discourse, in terms not only of content but also of form and interaction, defining ideology in the broadest sense of basic beliefs shared by members of a group and understanding political discourse to be a class of genres defined by a social domain, namely that of politics. The ways in which ideologically based beliefs are exhibited in discourse and discursive evidence in the interplay of several ideologies are analysed in the form of a debate on asylum seekers in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary debates are particularly revealing for these purposes because their text and content exhibit the social cognitions of political parties and their members. An analysis of this particular debate shows how political discourse in general, and parliamentary debates in particular, are replete with ideological expressions and rhetorical tropes at all levels.

This paper analyses the influence of ideologies on political discourse, in terms not only of content but also of form and interaction, defining ideology in the broadest sense of basic beliefs shared by members of a group and understanding political discourse to be a class of genres defined by a social domain, namely that of politics. The ways in which ideologically based beliefs are exhibited in discourse and discursive evidence in the interplay of several ideologies are analysed in the form of a debate on asylum seekers in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary debates are particularly revealing for these purposes because their text and content exhibit the social cognitions of political parties and their members. An analysis of this particular debate shows how political discourse in general, and parliamentary debates in particular, are replete with ideological expressions and rhetorical tropes at all levels. ; This paper analyses the influence of ideologies on political discourse, in terms not only of content but also of form and interaction, defining ideology in the broadest sense of basic beliefs shared by members of a group and understanding political discourse to be a class of genres defined by a social domain, namely that of politics. The ways in which ideologically based beliefs are exhibited in discourse and discursive evidence in the interplay of several ideologies are analysed in the form of a debate on asylum seekers in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary debates are particularly revealing for these purposes because their text and content exhibit the social cognitions of political parties and their members. An analysis of this particular debate shows how political discourse in general, and parliamentary debates in particular, are replete with ideological expressions and rhetorical tropes at all levels.

This paper analyses the influence of ideologies on political discourse, in terms not only of content but also of form and interaction, defining ideology in the broadest sense of basic beliefs shared by members of a group and understanding political discourse to be a class of genres defined by a social domain, namely that of politics. The ways in which ideologically based beliefs are exhibited in discourse and discursive evidence in the interplay of several ideologies are analysed in the form of a debate on asylum seekers in the British House of Commons. Parliamentary debates are particularly revealing for these purposes because their text and content exhibit the social cognitions of political parties and their members. An analysis of this particular debate shows how political discourse in general, and parliamentary debates in particular, are replete with ideological expressions and rhetorical tropes at all levels.

Values operate at the level of individuals, of institution and of entire societies. Exist a relationship of mutual influence between individual values and the current ideologies in a specific society. Ideology serves as bridge connecting the macrosocial and the microsocial (the individual). Ideology is an encompassing term that includes personal value systems, beliefs, and modes of thinking which function to explain and change the world. Values are transmitted in, maintained by, and changed through ideologies. Ideology, as false consciousness, is expressed in times of peace and economic growth; while ideological differences find their relevance for change in times of struggles and political and economic crisis. Three current universal ideologies (Pragmatism, Ethics, and Hedonism), with different ontological, epistemological and axiomatic conceptions, are presented. ; Los valores operan a escala individual, institucional y de sociedades enteras. Existe una relación de mutua influencia entre los valores individuales y las ideologías prevalecientes en una sociedad determinada. La ideología es el puente que une lo macro social con lo micro social (el individuo). La ideología es un término amplio que incluye sistemas de valores personales, creencias y modos de pensamiento que conducen a la explicación y al cambio del mundo en donde vivimos. Los valores se transmiten, se mantienen y se cambian por intermedio de las ideologías. La ideología, como falsa consciencia, tiene su mejor expresión en tiempo de paz y crecimiento económico; mientras que las diferencias ideológicas encuentran su mayor relevancia para el cambio, en tiempos de presiones sociales y crisis políticas y económicas. Tres ideologías contemporáneas (Pragmatismo, Ética y Hedonismo) presentan características propias y distintivas, con diferentes concepciones ontológicas, epistemológicas y axiomáticas.

Pensar la Universidad es pensar el conocimiento. El conocimiento es un proceso social. Su desarrollo responde a los avatares de este proceso. En el Ecuador se destacan algunos hitos en esta travesía. La revolución liberal creó un nuevo escenario para la existencia y funcionamiento de la Universidad. Un escenario caracterizado por la libertad de cultos, por la separación de la Iglesia y del Estado, por el fin del providencialismo y de la verdad divina. La clase media que emergió luchó por la autonomía universitaria. Una autonomía que le liberaba a la Universidad de la tutela del Estado y que le abría a la libre circulación de las ideas. Se reivindicaron principios como la libertad de cátedra, el cogobierno, la democratización del saber.

Con el fin de examinar la validez de la identificación habitual del ideario neoliberal con un discurso ideológico, este trabajo parte del análisis del carácter fetichista que Marx atribuye en El capital a la forma mercancía, de cuya consideración se desprende una cierta acepción del concepto de ideología según la cual ésta se revelaría tanto verdadera como falsa. Para determinar si esta definición de la ideología se deja aplicar a la teoría neoliberal, se acude al estudio de sus rasgos fundamentales, en su relación de continuidad y discontinuidad con respecto al liberalismo económico, llevado a cabo por Michel Foucault en Nacimiento de la biopolítica. En un momento posterior se atiende a las características que David Harvey detecta en el llamado capitalismo flexible como última etapa del capitalismo coincidente con la implementación política de la doctrina neoliberal. En función del trayecto recorrido se propone la hipótesis de que esta teoría constituiría una forma de ideología que, en línea con el pensamiento marxiano, entraña tanto una dimensión de verdad como de falsedad. ; In order to examine whether the usual identification of neoliberal ideas with an ideological discourse is valid, this paper starts off with an analysis of what Marx terms commodity fetishism in Capital, based on which a certain sense of the concept of ideology may be inferred which would result in its being both true and false. In order to determine whether this definition of ideology may be applied to neoliberal theory, we look at its fundamental features and how they continue with or break away from economic liberalism as studied in Michel Foucault's Birth of biopolitics. Attention is later moved to the characteristics detected by David Harvey in the socalled flexible accumulation as the latest stage of capitalism which coincides with the political implementation of neoliberal doctrine. At the end of the road travelled, it is hypothesised that this theory would be a form of ideology containing a dimension of both truth and falsehood, in line with Marx's thought.

This article argues that we must recognize the existence of a legitimate power whose authority rests upon a recognized ideology. A critique of this ideology can only be made by another ideology and this conflict of ideologies is at the base of our contemporary spiritual life. To deny conflict among ideologies is to foster dogmatism and orthodoxy and allow political power to dominate the life of thought. Denying all value to ideologies is to return political life to an armed struggle for power from which the most influential military leader will undoubtedly emerge successful. Allowing the universities to function under the safeguard of academic freedom is recognition of the existence of values other than those of force. It is the admission that no ideology is free of criticism and that no ideology can count on brute force to assure its survival. ; Este artículo argumenta que debemos reconocer la existencia de un poder legítimo cuya autoridad se basa en una ideología reconocida. La crítica de esta ideología sólo puede ser realizada en nombre de otra ideología. Este conflicto de ideologías se encuentra en la base de nuestra vida espiritual contemporánea. Impedir la discusión y el debate entre ideologías es restablecer el dogmatismo y la ortodoxia, y permitir que el poder político domine la vida del pensamiento. La negación de todo valor a las ideologías es una manera de hacer retornar la vida política a una lucha armada por el poder en la que el líder militar más fuerte resultará el vencedor indiscutible. Permitir a las universidades funcionar bajo la salvaguardia de la libertad académica es un reconocimiento de la existencia de valores distintos a los de la fuerza. Es el reconocimiento de que ninguna ideología está libre de la crítica y de que ninguna ideología puede contar con la fuerza bruta para asegurar su supervivencia.

La ideología es un concepto controvertido que genera actitudes muy diversas. Este trabajo propone el constructo "aversión ideológica" para describir una de esas reacciones. La aversión ideológica consiste en la combinación de dos componentes: rechazo de las ideologías y defensa de actuaciones políticas exclusivamente técnicas. Previamente se define la ideología como una forma de ver, preferir y actuar en el mundo, que surge de la relación entre dos dimensiones: encuadres sociales y necesidades. La aversión ideológica responde también a una forma de estar en el mundo, que permite mantener funcionamientos sociales y satisfacer necesidades psicológicas. Este documento ofrece también un instrumento para medir el concepto. El cuestionario consta de diez ítems, cinco para cada uno de los dos componentes de la aversión ideológica. Se ha construido a partir de una muestra on line de n = 650, y ha sido probada en una muestra cara a cara de n = 340, mostrando buenas características psicométricas. ; Ideology is a controversial concept which generates very different attitudes. This paper proposes the construct "ideological aversion" to describe one of those reactions. The ideological aversion is a combination of two components: rejection of ideologies, and defense of purely technical policy actions. Previously, ideology is defined as a way of seeing, prefer, and act in the world, which arises from the relationship between two dimensions: social frames and needs. The ideological aversion also responds to a way of being in the world, which keeps social performances and satisfy psychological needs. This document also provides an instrument to measure the concept. The questionnaire consists of ten items, five for each of the two components of the ideological aversion. It has been constructed from an on line sample of n = 650, and has been tested in a face-to-face sample of n = 340, showing good psychometric characteristics.

Ideology is a controversial concept which generates very different attitudes. This paper proposes the construct "ideological aversion" to describe one of those reactions. The ideological aversion is a combination of two components: rejection of ideologies, and defense of purely technical policy actions. Previously, ideology is defined as a way of seeing, prefer, and act in the world, which arises from the relationship between two dimensions: social frames and needs. The ideological aversion also responds to a way of being in the world, which keeps social performances and satisfy psychological needs. This document also provides an instrument to measure the concept. The questionnaire consists of ten items, five for each of the two components of the ideological aversion. It has been constructed from an on line sample of n = 650, and has been tested in a face-to-face sample of n = 340, showing good psychometric characteristics. ; La ideología es un concepto controvertido que genera actitudes muy diversas. Este trabajo propone el constructo "aversión ideológica" para describir una de esas reacciones. La aversión ideológica consiste en la combinación de dos componentes: rechazo de las ideologías y defensa de actuaciones políticas exclusivamente técnicas. Previamente se define la ideología como una forma de ver, preferir y actuar en el mundo, que surge de la relación entre dos dimensiones: encuadres sociales y necesidades. La aversión ideológica responde también a una forma de estar en el mundo, que permite mantener funcionamientos sociales y satisfacer necesidades psicológicas. Este documento ofrece también un instrumento para medir el concepto. El cuestionario consta de diez ítems, cinco para cada uno de los dos componentes de la aversión ideológica. Se ha construido a partir de una muestra on line de n = 650, y ha sido probada en una muestra cara a cara de n = 340, mostrando buenas características psicométricas.

El artículo examina de qué modo el concepto de ideología estética dePaul De Man debe ponerse en relación a una lectura política de las categoríasfilosóficas. A los efectos de comprender la ideología estética y sufuncionamiento político intentaremos reconstruir el campo conceptual de lossupuestos que acompañan la lectura de la tradición estética que el crítico belgalleva a cabo. El ensayo intenta establecer que las relaciones conceptuales quese traman en el concepto de ideología se podrían considerar en virtud de larelación entre lenguaje y política. ; The article shows how the analysis of Paul De Man's concept of aesthetic ideology must be put into relation with a political reading of the philosophical categories. In order to understand the aesthetic ideology and how it works politically, we reconstruct the field of concepts that work as assumptions in the aesthetic tradition, as carried out by the Belgian critic. The article tries to establish that the relations organized in the concept of ideology could be considered by virtue of the relation between language and politics. ; Fil: Garnica, Naím. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina

Abstract: Ideology has a twofold sense in advertising. One is general and aims to standardize the consumers' needs and traits by globalized means to persuade them to buy the products. The other is specific whereby the advertisement campaigns can introduce, reinforce and /or challenge some ideological values as of politics, religion, race and gender. To sell globally, advertisements are translated into other languages. This requires adjusting the ideological values to the Target Language (TL) audience. When the ideological dimension of the TL is given priority, transcreation, instead of translation per se, becomes the best choice. Unlike the traditional translator who is expected to be faithful to the Source Language (SL), the transcreator should always maintain proximity to the TL ideology so as to avoid unwanted sensitivities of the TL audience and should adopt creative ideas in order to achieve resonance in the TL. The present paper aims to investigate the implications of advertising ideology for transcreation into Arabic. The global advertisement campaigners seem to be aware that Arabic and Islam represent a unified ideology represented in values of national identity, politics and gender. Most transcreation of these campaigns have achieved both proximity to the TL audience and creativity of ideas that do not clash with the ideological status quo in the Arab World. But despite the laudable reputation of transcreation nowadays in the Translation Studies literature as the best strategy of advertisement translation, it looks like it cannot escape the twofold sense of ideology in those texts. While it does embrace diversity of ideological values of SL and TL, an advertisement campaign transcreation is unable to outbalance the general and more solid ideology of standardizing the consumers' needs and motives.

"Venezuela: 4th & 5th republics" (Neira Fernández, Enrique) ; Presentation ; I. Conceptual frame ; Challenges and modernization ; Reforms of the state ; Governance ; Genuineness ; Decentralization ; Democracy ; Leadership ; Militarism ; Democratic caesarism ; Populism ; Violence ; Revolution ; Socialism ; II. The fourth republic (Before Chávez) ; A look back ; The economic thing ; The social thing ; The political thing ; The ethical thing ; III. The fith republic (In the times of Chávez) ; Introduction ; The strong man ; The process. Political ideology ; The process. Characteristics ; The beautiful revolution ; Gusty future ; Conclusion. The quadrature of the circle ; neira@intercable.net.ve ; Nivel analítico

Texto y fotographías ; ilustraciones, fotografía color, fotografía blanco y negro ; El objetivo de mi investigación ha sido aclarar inquietudes acerca de mi papel como artista en la sociedad contemporánea. Detrás de la investigación está mi necesidad de equilibrar los elementos que llevan a cabo la creación de obras de arte. Ahondar en las preguntas que conciernen la creación de imágenes en un mundo que cambia constantemente. Las circunstancias en las que he llevado a cabo mi investigación han sido muy especiales en el contexto histórico mundial. Estos dos años han transcurrido bajo la influencia de cambios que no radicales que no podemos ignorar. Mi investigación ha sido una contribución a mi búsqueda y un esfuerzo de fusionar mi vocación artística con la actualidad política y social de mi entorno. Durante la cuarentena adopté la disciplina de hacer un diario de dibujos. Ha sido un gesto en la evolución de mi obra que ha desatado en un espectro de nuevas posibilidades. (Texto tomado de la fuente) ; The objetive in my investigation has been to clarify my inquieries in regards to my roll as an artista in contemporary society. Behind the investigation is my necesity to balance the elements that result in the creation of art. Deepen my inquisition that concern the creation of images in an ever changing world. The sircumstances in which I have done my investigation have been very special in a global historical context. These past two years have elapsed under the influence of radical changes that we cannot ignore. My investigation has been a contribution to my quest and an effort to fuse my vocation with my political and social surrounding. During the quarantine I adopted the discipline of making a diary from drawings. It has been a gesture in the evolution of my work that has unleashed a spectrum of new possibilities. ; Alejandro Ortiz Mejía ; Arte, Propaganda e ideología ; Maestría ; Maestría en Artes Plásticas y Visuales ; Creación y Teoría del Arte ; Es una investigación academica y empírica que gira en torno al dibujo