Suchergebnisse

The devastation brought by the worldwide trafficking and proliferation of small arms and light weapons--man-portable weapons like assault rifles, mortars, and grenades--has overtaken land mines as the major problem facing governments and other interested groups in the non-governmental world and academia. Regional organisations in Europe, Latin America, and Africa as well as the UN (including, increasingly the Security Council) have taken up some aspect of small arms control. A major aspect in the discourse of small arms relates to the illicit or illegal arms trafficking, by which is usually (but not always) meant stocks of weapons already in circulation outside of government control. Increasingly, new stocks of small arms from various sources including government transfers (both overt and covert) as well as grey and black markets, are finding their way to African conflict theatres and they eventually reach illegal markets. For Kenya, the major problem issue with small arms relates to the trafficking and proliferation of illegal arms into the country. Although researchers and policy makers alike acknowledge that one way in which refugees threaten security is through the trafficking of illegal arms, little research has been done in this area. It is common practice in Kenya particularly among politicians and government officials, to attribute illegal weapons in the country to the presence of refugees: This paper aims at contributing to the small arms discourse by analysing the role of refugees as an external factor in the trafficking and cross border movement of illegal arms into the country. This analysis also contributes to the new scholarship in refugee studies which now considers refugees not only as victims (humanitarian issues) but also as capable of causing conflict and insecurity.

The Sulu arms market : national responses to a regional problem -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Common Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Glossary of Terms -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Illicit Arms Market: Analysis of a System -- 3. The Sulu Arms Market: The Players -- 4. Supply and Demand in the Sulu Arms Market -- 5. Regional Counter-Trafficking Policies -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author.

Situated in a remote area long a historical buffer zone between competing political entities, the Sulu Arms Market is an illicit market of a typical form in that it is both a source and a destination for less-than-legal guns. What makes the Sulu market unique is its longevity which is measured in centuries. In modern times, guns from the area supply conflicts and crime from Japan to Sri Lanka to Papua New Guinea and beyond; and in turn the world pours guns and ammunition into Mindanao, the Maluku (Molucca) Islands, and to a lesser extent, Malaysia and the rest of the Philippines. Like most black arms pipelines, the Sulu Arms Market is intertwined with piracy, terrorism, and the traffic of other illicit commodities. Criminal gangs, communists, Moro independence groups, and Islamic militants are all major players in the market, making it a security problem for at least five member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

The Small Arms Survey 2012 seeks to increase our scrutiny of what is changing, and not changing, in relation to armed violence and small arms proliferation. Chapters on firearm homicide in Latin America and the Caribbean, drug violence in selected Latin American countries and non-lethal violence worldwide illustrate that security is a moving target; armed violence, both lethal and non-lethal, continues to undermine the security and wellbeing of people and societies around the world. The goal of curbing small arms proliferation, embodied in the UN Programme of Action, appears similarly elusive. Chapters on illicit small arms in war zones, trade transparency, Somali piracy and the 2011 UN Meeting of Governmental Experts highlight some of the successes, but also the continuing challenges, in this area. Country studies on Kazakhstan and Somaliland, along with the final instalment of the authorized transfers project, round out the 2012 edition

Cover -- Occhiello -- Indice -- Parte I I traffici illeciti: soggetti, tipologie, tecniche investigative -- I traffici illeciti nel Mediterraneo e le organizzazioni criminali transnazionali. Una introduzione alla ricerca NESMeS (Militello) -- I traffici illeciti nel Mediterraneo. Aspetti criminologici e tendenze evolutive (Punzo) -- The role of organized crime in illicit trades: drug trafficking, migrant smuggling, arms trafficking and cigarette smuggling (La Spina) -- Organizzazioni criminali transnazionali e traffico di migranti. L'esperienza nel Canale di Sicilia (La Chioma) -- Le tecniche investigative nel contrasto ai traffici di migranti, stupefacenti e sigarette (Mangiaracina) -- Parte II I singoli traffici illeciti -- L'incriminazione dello smuggling of migrants in Europa: una ricognizione comparatistica (Spena) -- I fondamenti normativi dell'incriminazione del favoreggiamento dell'immigrazione clandestina. Analisi delle problematiche linee di confine tra diritto europeo e diritto internazionale (Mitsilegas) -- Il traffico di migranti nel Mediterraneo in un ufficio giudiziario di frontiera. L'esperienza della Procura della Repubblica di Palermo (Ferrara) -- Il traffico di migranti nel Mediterraneo: validità della legge penale e tutela della persona (Orlando) -- Problemática de la trata de seres humanos en España. Regulación penal y tratamiento jurisprudencial (Corcoy) -- Política criminal multinivel en la trata y el tráfico de personas: especial consideración a los problemas de implementación del delito de trata en Alemania (Manzo Porto) -- Il traffico illecito di droghe leggere dal Mediterraneo all'Atlantico: punti fermi e questioni aperte (Siracusa) -- Il ruolo dell'organizzazione criminale nel contrasto al traffico illecito di tabacchi lavorati esteri (Omodei) -- Elenco degli autori -- Volumi pubblicati.

In examining various aspects of the provision of security, the Small Arms Survey 2011 considers the growth of the private security industry and its firearms holdings worldwide; the firearms holdings of private security personnel; the use of private security companies by multinational corporations; the use of emerging weapons technology among Western police forces; and legislative controls over the civilian possession of firearms in 42 jurisdictions around the world. Case studies provide original research on ongoing security challenges in Côte d'Ivoire, Haiti and Madagascar. This edition also presents the 2011 Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, an estimate of the annual authorized trade in light weapons, and a review of developments related to small arms control at the United Nations