Suchergebnisse

Since the 1990s, immigrant settlement has expanded beyond gateway cities and transformed the social fabric of a growing number of American cities. In the process, it has raised new questions for urban and migration scholars. This article argues that immigration to new destinations provides an opportunity to sharpen understandings of the relationship between immigration and the urban by exploring it under new conditions. Through a discussion of immigrant settlement in Nashville, Tennessee, it identifies an overlooked precursor to immigrant incorporation—how cities see, or do not see, immigrants within the structure of local government. If immigrants are not institutionally visible to government or nongovernmental organizations, immigrant abilities to make claims to or on the city as urban residents are diminished. Through the combination of trends toward neighborhood-based urban governance and neoliberal streamlining across American cities, immigrants can become institutionally hard to find and, thus, plan for in the city.

This paper is an analysis of the determinants of self‐reported health status of immigrants, with a particular focus on the type of visa used to gain admission. The empirical analysis uses the three waves of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia (panel I). Immigrant health is greater for immigrants who are younger, more educated, male, more proficient in English, and living outside an immigrant ethnic enclave. Immigrant health is poorest for refugees and best for independent (economic) migrants, and declines with duration in the destination. Alternative hypotheses for the decline in immigrant health with duration are explored (JEL I12, J15, J61, F22).

This article explores the paradoxes of Toronto's experience of immigrant and minority political incorporation. The city once synonymous with ethnic homogeneity is now among the world's most multicultural urban centers. The city, which proclaims "Diversity Our Strength" as its official motto, has a poor record of electing immigrants and minorities to public office. And the city, whose municipal council is overwhelmingly composed of White, European-origin politicians, has an exemplary record of promoting inclusion, equity, antiracism, and human rights in its policies and programs. The article analyzes these ambiguities of governing immigrant city Toronto.

This paper discusses the history of immigration in Japan, the situation of immigrants, and the factors that shape immigrants' rights. The last issue is particularly relevant because of observable tendencies towards settlement and the formation of ethnic communities in some areas. It will take time before Japanese and immigrants can co-exist on equal terms, but there are some indications that the presence and settlement of newcomers in Japan could lead to changes in Japanese society. Immigrants, thus, are turning into more than just a source of labor for Japanese society.

Die Ukraine ist in zunehmendem Maße zum Ziel von Immigranten aus den ehemaligen Republiken der früheren UdSSR und zum Transitland von illegalen Immigranten aus der Dritten Welt geworden. In diesem Zusammenhang haben sich soziale Probleme wie Arbeitslosigkeit, Wohnungsmangel und Kriminalität verschärft. Die Ukraine ist darüber hinaus von einer starken internen Migrationsbewegung vom Land in die Stadt betroffen, die auf Dauer die ländlichen Gegenden des Landes zu entvölkern droht. (BIOst-Mrk)

Rumänien ist seit 1991 das Ziel vieler Immigranten aus der Dritten Welt geworden, die sich in drei Gruppen untergliedern lassen: (1) diejenigen, die um politisches Asyl bitten, (2) diejenigen, deren Visum bereits abgelaufen ist und (3) Transmigranten, die auf illegale Weise einen Weg über Rumänien nach Westeuropa suchen. Die Haltung der rumänischen Medien und der Bevölkerung ist durch starke Vorurteile gegenüber den Immigranten geprägt. (BIOst-Mrk)

"This paper examines the chances for immigrants on the European job market. The data represents a one percent sample of the German population of the Micro census for the years 1998, 2000 and 2003 and Eurostat Labour Force Survey data. The issue addressed is how the academic and occupational level of education (participation in education), labour participation, professional status, unemployment rate, income, female labour participation and atypical occupation (structure of employment) of the foreigners differ from the native population. We find that foreigners in EU countries are more likely to be unemployed and are often in lower segments of the labour market. European comparisons of the labour market situation shows that the acknowledgment of foreign degrees, discrimination, supporting measures and the labour market policy have to be taken into account, as well as the (country-specific) human capital, language skills and the immigrants' participation in education." (author's abstract)