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INCOME INEQUALITY: AN ALARMING U.S. TREND -- INCOME INEQUALITY: AN ALARMING U.S. TREND -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 TRENDS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME BETWEEN 1979 AND 2007 -- NOTES AND DEFINITIONS -- PREFACE -- SUMMARY -- Increased Concentration of Market Income -- Income at the Very Top of the Distribution -- The Role of Government Transfers and Federal Taxes -- Increased Concentration of after-Tax Income -- TRENDS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME BETWEEN 1979 AND 2007 -- Introduction -- CBO's Analysis -- Increased Dispersion of Households' after-Tax Income

Not always equal -- Income, wealth, and poverty -- By the numbers -- Income inequality around the world -- Education is important -- The fight for equal pay -- The great recession -- Fixing the problem -- Ways to help -- Glossary -- For more information -- Index

1. Introduction -- 2. Income inequality : a general discussion -- 3. Income inequality trends in Singapore -- 4. Educational development and income inequality -- 5. Income differences : the gender dimension -- 6. Inequality, older women and necessity for social security -- 7. Trend in equity and efficiency trade-off in Singapore -- 8. Conclusion.

This paper uses OLS and GMM estimations to test for convergence in income distribution. Convergence tests are performed using a high-quality U.S. cross-state panel. The results strongly support the hypothesis of convergence in income distribution across American states.

Income inequality is a growing area of concern in both China and the United States, the world's two largest economies today. Alongside the traditional social welfare system, taxation and philanthropy are two alternative mechanisms to reduce inequality that have received increasing attention worldwide. This paper explores the roles of taxation and philanthropy in reducing inequality. In analyzing policies relating to taxation and philanthropy across several countries, this paper concludes that despite limitations and unintended consequences, under the current systems in China and the United States, taxation and philanthropy can and should be more effectively used to reduce income inequality.

Statistische Analyse der Faktoren, die zu den Einkommensunterschieden in Israel zwischen a) ethnischen Gruppen und b) Männern und Frauen führen. Das wichtiste Ergebnis auf der Basis der Einkommensstatistik von 1997 ist: Ethnizität als alleiniger Faktor erklärt die Ungleichheit nicht; erst in Kombination mit anderen demographischen Faktoren wie Alter, Bildungsgrad oder Berufswahl wirkt sich die Zugehörigkeit zu einer bestimmten ethnischen Gruppe auf die Einkommenshöhe aus. Ein anderes Bild ergibt sich bei den Einkommensunterschieden zwischen den Geschlechtern: hier ist in gewissem Ausmaß eine fortbestehende Benachteiligung der Frauen - unabhängig von anderen demographischen Faktoren - festzustellen. (DÜI-Hns)