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"Justice, Indigenous Womxn, and Two-Spirit People is an edited volume that offers a broad overview of topics pertaining to gender-related health, violence, and healing. Employing strength-based approach (as opposed to a deficit model), the chapters address the resiliency of Indigenous women and two-spirit people in the face of colonial violence and structural racism. The book centers the concept of "rematriation"-the concerted effort to place power, peace and decision making back into the female space, land, body and sovereignty-as a decolonial practice to combat injustice. Chapters include such topics as reproductive health, diabetes, missing and murdered Indigenous women, Indigenous women in the academy, and Indigenous women and food sovereignty. As part of the Indigenous Justice series, this book aims to provide an introductory overview of the topic geared toward undergraduate and graduate classes"--

The mapping of indigenous lands to secure tenure, manage natural resources, and strengthen cultures is a recent phenomenon, having begun in Canada and Alaska in the 1960s and in other regions during the last decade and a half. A variety of methodologies have made their appearance, ranging from highly participatory approaches involving village sketch maps to more technical efforts with geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing. In general, indigenous mapping has shown itself to be a powerful tool and it has spread rapidly throughout the world. The distribution of mapping projects is uneven, as opportunities are scarce in many parts of the world. This review covers the genesis and evolution of indigenous mapping, the different methodologies and their objectives, the development of indigenous atlases and guidebooks for mapping indigenous lands, and the often uneasy mix of participatory community approaches with technology. This last topic is at the center of considerable discussion as spatial technologies are becoming more available and are increasingly used in rural areas. The growth of GIS laboratories among tribes in the United States and Canada, who frequently have both financial and technical support, is in sharp contrast to groups in the South—primarily Africa, Asia, and Latin America—where resources are in short supply and permanent GIS facilities are rare.

"This is a concise overview of Indigenous Peoples from pre-contact to the 21st century. The book is intended for any overview course in Native Studies. It examines key topics such as treaty processes, land claims, and contemporary socio-economic issues and features an emphasis on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission report and its "calls to action.""--

Front Cover -- Advance Praise for Renewing Indigenous Economies -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Epigraph -- Contents -- Foreword by Stacy Leeds -- Acknowledgments -- Prologue -- 1. Traditions of Wealth Creation -- Precontact Standards of Living -- Traditional Indigenous Economies -- Institutions Matter -- Ownership: A Requirement for Wealth -- Specialization and Trade -- Trade Infrastructure -- Traditional Capital Markets -- Jurisdiction and Governance -- Fiscal Authority and Money -- Conclusion -- 2. Tribal Economies under Colonialism -- Colonizing Indian Country -- The Marshall Trilogy -- Federal Indian Law -- The Virtuous Circle of Investment -- Institutional Elements of Healthy Investment Climates -- 3. Property Rights and Governance -- Property Rights-Nothing New under the Sun -- People Make Property Valuable -- The Components of Property Rights -- Property Rights and Law in Indian Country -- Shrinking Indian Country through Allotment and Termination -- Property Rights and Investment Climates -- Addressing Property-Rights Issues -- Conclusion -- 4. Creating a Positive Investment Climate -- Investor Assessment of the Business Climate -- Governments Shape Investment Climates -- Constitutional and Judicial Definition of Tribes' Legal Status -- Tribal Sovereignty over Reservation Lands -- Trusteeship and Economic Development -- Gaps in the Legal Framework on Tribal Land -- Components of Investment-Supporting Legal Frameworks -- Sovereign Immunity Affects Economic Development -- Jurisdictional Issues Affecting Economic Development -- Jurisdictional Conflict Case Study: Gaming -- Economic Leakage -- Credit Deserts on Reservations -- Commercial Codes and Secured Transactions -- Building an Investment-Friendly Economy -- 5. From a Grants Economy to a Revenue Economy -- Tribal Fiscal Relationship to Federal and State Governments.

The main aim of this report is to determine the phenotypic characteristics of Somali indigenous chickens. This research is the initial stage toward a future initiative to differentiate and improve Somali local chicken breeds. There are several indigenous and exotic chicken breeds in Somalia, as well as many other hybrids of chicken; however, this study focused on indigenous breeds that differ in body form, colors, comb type, and capacity to adapt to a given environment in Somalia. The five main indigenous chicken breeds in Somalia. The first indigenous chicken (IC) is Dooro Tiyeglow (Tiyeglow chicken), they have well adapted mostly to agro-pastoral communities' regions like Bakool region and it has a remarkable beard feather, it also has a single upright comb broad. The second (IC), is Qoordiir (Naked Neck chicken), which is indigenous chicken mostly they have some tassel in the front part of its neck. The prominent plumage color is white and red stripes or red with white strips. Third (IC), is Dooro Jarray (Somali short chicken), this chicken is part of an eco-friendly chicken and is well-known for its small body size. And the common feature of this chicken is black shanks or gray-black shanks. Fourth (IC) is Dooro Buuftoy (Ovambo chickens), this chicken is considered to be smaller in size than exotic chickens, yet it comes in black and red colors. This has a strong personality and is very aggressive. The Fifth (IC) is Dooro Sawahili (Swahili chicken) this chicken is an exotic species that interbreed many local chickens, comes from many angles, has a huge body frame, and is good in egg production. The recommendation of this study is to undertake a government policy to encourage the conservation of Somalia's indigenous chicken breeds in order to prevent extinction and to make development and improvement of local chickens.

ABSTRACTThis article studies gender education gaps among indigenous and non‐indigenous groups in Bolivia. Using the National Census of Population and Housing 2012 and an estimation method analogous to difference‐in‐differences, the study finds that the intersection of gender and indigenous identity confers cumulative disadvantage for indigenous women in literacy, years of schooling and primary and secondary school completion. While gender education gaps have become narrower across generations, there remain significant differences within indigenous groups. The Aymara have the largest gender gap in all outcomes, despite having high overall attainment rates and mostly residing in urban centres with greater physical access to schools. The Quechua have relatively smaller gender gaps, but these are accompanied by lower attainment levels. The article discusses the possible sources of these differentials and highlights the importance of taking gender dynamics within each indigenous group into greater consideration.

AbstractIndigenous employment has been the subject of numerous policies in Australia, with governments aiming to increase the workforce participation rate amongst Indigenous people in recent years. Indigenous‐owned businesses, formally defined as businesses that are at least 50% Indigenous‐owned, have been demonstrated in previous research to maintain substantially higher levels of proportional Indigenous employment than non‐Indigenous businesses. This suggests that Indigenous‐owned businesses maintain work environments that are more supportive of and conducive to Indigenous employment, meriting the influence of Indigenous‐owned businesses' workplace practices in future Indigenous employment policy design. Using administrative data from two Indigenous business registries (Black Business Finder and Supply Nation), this paper provides an updated empirical analysis of the Indigenous business sector. This paper demonstrates that Indigenous‐owned businesses of all sizes, industries, locations and profit statuses consistently average proportional Indigenous employment rates higher than the Indigenous proportional population. Of all the people employed in Supply Nation‐listed businesses, over 35% are Indigenous. The potential impact of the Indigenous Procurement Policy is illustrated by differentials in the size of businesses and their capacity to employ Indigenous staff. This paper provides analysis of the Indigenous business sector that can inform future policy direction for both Indigenous employment and Indigenous business policies.

In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, this essay offers Indigenous knowledge systems that highlight strategies for survival. Indigenous peoples understand that human lives are interdependent with and contingent on living in ethical relations with other people, with our ancestors, with plants and animals, and with the natural world overall. Indigenous systems of relationality are the heartbeat of Indigenous existence. They help to illuminate approaches to physical, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual health. Using the Medicine Wheel framework as an analytical tool, we indicate how Indigenous people can survive and thrive during these times. To create a just democracy and ensure our ecological and sociological future, we must consider the multidimensional needs of all beings. While relational responsibilities are at the heart of many Indigenous worldviews, they extend to all of us. Responsible relations with the natural world sustain human livelihood everywhere, connecting us all in a vast web of life.

"Indigenous traditions can be uplifting, positive, and liberating forces when they are connected to living systems of thought and practice. Problems arise when they are treated as timeless models of unchanging truth that require unwavering deference and unquestioning obedience. Freedom and Indigenous Constitutionalism celebrates the emancipatory potential of Indigenous traditions, considers their value as the basis for good laws and good lives, and critiques the failure of Canadian constitutional traditions to recognize their significance."--

pt. 1. Indigenous identities, old and new.Indigenous voice /Anna Tsing --Tibetan indigeneity : translations, resemblances, and uptake /Emily T. Yeh --"Our struggle has just begun": experiences of belonging and Mapuche formations of self /Claudia Briones --pt. 2. Territory and questions of sovereignty.Indigeneity as relational identity : the construction of Australian land rights /Francesca Merlan --Choctaw tribal sovereignty at the turn of the 21st century /Valerie Lambert --Sovereignty's Betrayals /Michael F. Brown --pt. 3. Indigeneity beyond borders.Varieties of indigenous experience : diasporas, homelands, sovereignties /James Clifford --Diasporic media and Hmong/Miao formulations of nativeness and displacement /Louisa Schein --Bolivian indigeneity in Japan : folklorized music performance /Michelle Bigenho --pt. 4. The boundary politics of indigeneity.Indian indigeneities : Adivasi engagements with Hindu nationalism in India /Amita Baviskar --"Ever-diminishing circles": the paradoxes of belonging in Botswana /Francis B. Nyamnjoh --The native and the neoliberal down under : neoliberalism and "endangered authenticities"/Linda Tuhiwai Smith --pt. 5. Indigenous self-representation, non-indigenous collaborators and the politics of knowledge.Melting glaciers and emerging histories in the Saint Elias Mountains /Julie Cruikshank --The terrible nearness of distant places : making history at the national museum of the American Indian /Paul Chaat Smith --Indigeneity today /Mary Louise Pratt.