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In the last five years the topic of cyber warfare has received much attention due to several so-called "cyber incidents" which have been qualified by many as State-sponsored cyber attacks. This book identifies rules and limits of cross-border computer network operations for which States bear the international responsibility during both peace and war. It consequently addresses questions on jus ad bellum and jus in bello in addition to State responsibility. By reference to treaty and customary international law, actual case studies (Estonia, Georgia, Stuxnet) and the Tallinn Manual, the author illustrates the applicability of current international law and argues for an obligation on the State to prevent malicious operations emanating from networks within their jurisdiction.This book is written for academics in public international law and practitioners from the military and other public security sectors

In the last five years the topic of cyber warfare has received much attention due to several so-called "cyber incidents" which have been qualified by many as State-sponsored cyber attacks. This book identifies rules and limits of cross-border computer network operations for which States bear the international responsibility during both peace and war. It consequently addresses questions on jus ad bellum and jus in bello in addition to State responsibility. By reference to treaty and customary international law, actual case studies (Estonia, Georgia, Stuxnet) and the Tallinn Manual, the author illustrates the applicability of current international law and argues for an obligation on the State to prevent malicious operations emanating from networks within their jurisdiction.This book is written for academics in public international law and practitioners from the military and other public security sectors

The world in which we live and fight -- Computer network attacks as a use of force in international law -- Armed attack and response in the digital age -- The applicability of the laws of armed conflict to computer network attacks -- Participants in conflict: combatant status, direct participation and computer network attack -- Targeting and precautions in attack -- Measures of special protection -- Means and methods of warfare.

Shipping list no: 2012-0024-P. ; Includes bibliographical references and index. ; Combating terrorists : legal challenges in the Post-9/11 World / Nicholas Rostow -- Mission impossible? international law, and the changing character of war / John F. Murphy -- Cyber attacks as "Force" under UN Charter Article 2(4) / Matthew C. Waxman -- Low-intensity computer network attack and self-defense / Sean Watts -- Cyber operations and the Jus in Bello : key issues / Michael N. Schmitt -- Who may be held? military detention through the Habeas Lens / Robert M. Chesney -- The changing character of the participants in war : civilianization of warfighting and the concept of "direct participation in hostilities" / Charles Garraway -- Direct participation in hostilities and the interoperability of the law of armed conflict and human rights law / Françoise J. Hampson -- Use of unmanned systems to combat terrorism / Raul A. "Pete" Pedrozo -- New technology and the law of armed conflict / Darren M. Stewart -- The law of armed conflict in asymmetric urban armed conflict / David E. Graham -- Lawfare today . and tomorrow / Charles J. Dunlap, Jr. -- The age of lawfare / Dale Stephens -- Warning civilians prior to attack under international law : theory and practice / Pnina Sharvit Baruch and Noam Neuman -- The changing character of public legal scrutiny of operations / Rob McLaughlin -- Litigating how we fight / Ashley S. Deeks -- Asymmetric warfare : how to respond? / Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg -- Concluding remarks : LOAC and attempts to abuse or subvert it / Yoram Dinstein. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The information revolution has transformed both modern societies and the way in which they conduct warfare. Cyber Warfare and the Laws of War analyses the status of computer network attacks in international law and examines their treatment under the laws of armed conflict. The first part of the book deals with the resort to force by states and discusses the threshold issues of force and armed attack by examining the permitted responses against such attacks. The second part offers a comprehensive analysis of the applicability of international humanitarian law to computer network attacks. By examining the legal framework regulating these attacks, Heather Harrison Dinniss addresses the issues associated with this method of attack in terms of the current law and explores the underlying debates which are shaping the modern laws applicable in armed conflict.

Cyber warfare has become more pervasive and more complex in recent years. It is difficult to regulate, as it holds an ambiguous position within the laws of war. This book investigates the legal and ethical ramifications of cyber war, considering which sets of laws apply to it, and how it fits into traditional ideas of armed conflict.

Shipping list no.: 2004-0041-P. ; Includes bibliographical references and index. ; CNE and CNA in the network-centric battlespace : challenges for operators and lawyers / Arthur K. Cebrowski -- Technology and law : the evolution of digital warfare / David Tubbs, Perry G. Luzwick, Walter Gary Sharp, Sr.-- A different kettle of fish : computer network attack / Roger W. Barnett -- Information operations, information warfare, and computer network attack : their relationship to national security in the information age / Daniel T. Kuehl -- International law, cybernetics, and cyberspace / Anthony D'Amato -- Computer network attack as a use of force under Article 2(4) of the United Nations Charter / Daniel B. Silver -- Computer network attacks and self-defense / Yoram Dinstein -- Self-defense against computer network attack under international law / Horace B. Robertson, Jr.-- Computer networks, proportionality, and military operations / James H. Doyle, Jr.-- Some thoughts on computer network attack and the international law of armed conflict / Louise Doswald-Beck -- Wired warfare : computer network attack and the jus in bello / Michael N. Schmitt -- Proportionality, cyberwar, and the law of war / Ruth G. Wedgwood -- Neutrality and information warfare / George K. Walker -- Information operations in the space law arena : science fiction becomes reality / Douglas S. Anderson and Christopher R. Dooley -- Fourth dimensional intelligence : thoughts on espionage, law, and cyberspace / David M. Crane -- Computer network attacks by terrorists : some legal dimensions / John F. Murphy -- Meeting the challenge of cyberterrorism : defining the military role in a democracy / Charles J. Dunlap, Jr.-- "Weapons like to lightning" US information operations and US treaty obligations / Jeffrey H. Smith and Gordon N. Lederman -- International law of armed conflict and computer network attack : developing the rules of engagement / Brian T. O'Donnell and James C. Kraska .-- Responding to attacks on critical computer infrastructure : what targets? what rules of engagement? / James P. Terry -- Is it time for a treaty on information warfare? / Phillip A. Johnson. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Defence date: 9 November 2016 ; Examining Board: Professor Nehal Bhuta, European University Institute (EUI Supervisor); Professor Jean d'Aspremont, University of Manchester; Professor Marco Roscini, University of Westminster; Professor Joseph H. H. Weiler, European University Institute & New York University ; This doctoral dissertation investigates the wide range of conceptualizations and categorizations that are applicable to state-sponsored cyber operations. State-sponsored cyber operations, namely recourse to cyber means by one State against another, are generally labelled 'cyber warfare'. This is neither a legal nor a prescriptive term; it reflects, however, a disproportionate focus on the realm of warfare. Avoiding hasty or overly simplistic characterizations of situations as cyber warfare is important to avoid further deterioration of their relations leading potentially to military escalation. This dissertation defines state-sponsored cyber operations according to international law and demonstrates that the majority of these incidents fall outside of the realm of (cyber) warfare and, therefore, need to be addressed separately and approached differently. Most state-sponsored cyber operations do not actually violate the prohibition of the use of force or the law of armed conflict, but rather they impinge the territorial sovereignty of the targeted States, the principle of nonintervention, or human rights. Cyber warfare is only the tip of the iceberg. An entire world lies submerged: cyber operations below the threshold of cyber warfare. While the emerged part concerning cyber warfare is well-studied and widely known, this thesis endeavours to shed light on the submerged, and arguably bigger, part that has been understudied and is less known. Parts I and II map the circumstances in which state-sponsored cyber operations violate international law. They demonstrate inter alia that most cyber operations remain under the threshold of cyber warfare, while they may constitute a breach of territorial sovereignty, the principle of non-intervention or even human rights law in most cases. Part I also analyzes the duty of diligence of third States. Part III deals with the attribution of cyber operations, analysing the attribution to the machine, to the human perpetrator, and focusing more specifically on the attribution to the sponsoring State. Part IV focuses on the consequences of an internationally wrongful cyber operation, mainly the obligations deriving from the law of State responsibility, and the remedies to address it, notably the recourse to self-defence, retorsion and countermeasures.

"Fifteen years into the era of "cyber warfare," are we any closer to understanding the role a major cyberattack would play in international relations-or to preventing one? Spanning disciplines and enriched by practitioner insights, Rethinking Cyber Warfare provides a novel understanding of the role that digital disruption plays in contemporary international security. The work focuses on the critical phenomenon of major cyberattacks against wired societies, a significant capability that, despite considerable state planning for such an incident, has received comparatively little scholarly consideration. Starting with a reconsideration of the central tenets that have shaped global powers' policies to date, it explores in-depth what forces in the international system might durably restrain their use. Arming the reader with the key technological and historical context to make sense of cyberattacks, it considers how deterrence, international law, and normative taboos operate today to shape whether and how states think about causing this kind of disruption-and how soon, those forces might combine to rethink those decisions entirely. The result is a comprehensive look at one of the most pressing issues in international security that also illuminates a new pathway for managing one of its greatest sources of instability"--

Tallinn Manual 2.0 expands on the highly influential first edition by extending its coverage of the international law governing cyber operations to peacetime legal regimes. The product of a three-year follow-on project by a new group of twenty renowned international law experts, it addresses such topics as sovereignty, state responsibility, human rights, and the law of air, space, and the sea. Tallinn Manual 2.0 identifies 154 'black letter' rules governing cyber operations and provides extensive commentary on each rule. Although Tallinn Manual 2.0 represents the views of the experts in their personal capacity, the project benefitted from the unofficial input of many states and over fifty peer reviewers.

Vor dem Hintergrund der Tatsache, dass Information Warfare in den letzten Jahren, vor allem durch das Internet, zu einem globalen Problem von sicherheitspolitischer Bedeutung geworden ist, behandelt der Beitrag verschiedene Möglichkeiten und Methoden von Information Warfare, angefangen von Computerviren über Spionagetechniken bis hin zum Einsatz von Computer-Mäusen oder Computer-Küchenschaben. Thematisiert werden auch die diversen Internet-Aktivitäten terroristischer Vereinigungen und die Frage, inwiefern Information Warfare, d.h. ein Krieg mit elektronischen Mitteln, nach dem heutigen Kriegsrecht überhaupt als Krieg zu werten ist. Darüber gibt es gegenwärtig zwar eine internationale Debatte, aber keine einheitliche Auffassung. Ausgehend von der in vielen Staaten unterschätzten, jedoch realen Gefahr von Information Warfare wird im weiteren Verlauf ein Überblick über die bisher in der Vergangenheit stattgefundenen Angriffe auf Computersysteme und elektronische Spionageversuche auf internationaler Ebene gegeben. Abschließende Überlegungen befassen sich mit Möglichkeiten, wie man sich gegen Gefahren und Viren aus dem Internet schützen kann. (ICH)

"Das Internet als globales Kommunikationsnetzwerk ist diversen Gefährdungen ausgesetzt. Nichtstaatliche Akteure wie experimentierfreudige Programmierer, aber auch Terroristen und Kriminelle, in erster Linie jedoch Staaten beteiligen sich an der so genannten Information Warfare, die sich modernster Technik bedient und in militärischen Konflikten zu Tod und Zerstörung führen kann. Völkerrecht und Abrüstungspolitik stehen vor neuen Fragen." (Autorenreferat)