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This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of economic evaluation as a measurement methodology within the Australian government's outcome and output framework including preliminary benefit–cost analysis of Australian Federal Police investigations. The results suggest that the Australian Federal Police is returning over $5 to the community for every dollar invested in fraud and drug investigations. It is concluded that benefit–cost analysis is a useful tool for comparing the price of an output to the value of an outcome. The method has limitations. Not all outcomes will admit of easy assessment and the information may be difficult to collect. However, the use of surrogate measures and extrapolation of results may overcome most of these limitations.

In this fascinating book, leading international experts in gerontology and social work examine the conditions of older people in their respective native lands--Australia, Canada, West Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Japan, the Netherlands, and Sweden. In response to the need for world-wide sharing of information and research on one of the most dramatic developments of the twentieth century in the United States and throughout the western world--the aging of the populations--these professionals offer an international dimension and cross-cultural knowledge to social gerontology and gerontological

News is a source of information disseminated in various types of media. In order to make it easier for news readers to obtain the desired news, the news needs to be classified. The large number of scattered news creates difficulties in classifying the news based on the topic. Therefore the author conducted a study to classify news into 12 classes (culture, economy, entertainment, law, health, life, automotive, education, politics, sports, technology, and tourism) automatically against 360 Indonesian news data. In this study several test scenarios were conducted to see the effect of stopword removal and stemming methods on data preprocessing, the effect of mutual information in selecting features, and performance of Support Vector Machine in classifying news data. The test results showed that the data using only stemming without stopword removal, using the MI selection feature and SVM classification method produced the best results of 94.24%, compared to the other methods.

Intro -- Acknowledgements: Let's Put on a Show! -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- Introduction -- 1 Creating a Common Dialogue -- 2 Enter the Strange -- 2.1 Key Concepts -- 2.1.1 Structural Power -- 2.1.2 Four Key Structures -- The Knowledge Structure -- 2.1.3 State and Non-State Actors -- Market and Authority -- 2.1.4 Research Focus and Emphasis on Empirical Work -- 2.2 Strange in Critical Focus -- 2.2.1 Underdeveloped Conception of the Knowledge Structure -- 2.2.2 Identity Construction and Definitions of Granularity -- 2.2.3 Status Quo Bias -- 2.3 Productive Problems -- 3 Organisation of This Volume -- References -- Part I: Susan Strange and the Twenty-First Century Knowledge Structure -- Taking Knowledge Seriously: Towards an International Political Economy Theory of Knowledge Governance -- 1 Structural Power, Knowledge, and the Knowledge Structure -- 2 Unpacking the Knowledge Structure -- 2.1 Knowledge-Legitimation -- 2.2 Knowledge-Regulation -- 3 Operationalising Strange: The Knowledge Structure in the Global Political Economy -- 3.1 The Curious Cases of Intellectual Property and Data in International Trade Agreements -- 3.1.1 Knowledge Feudalism -- 3.1.2 Digital Statism -- 3.2 Trade and the (CP)TPP: When Is a Trade Agreement Not a Trade Agreement? -- 3.3 A Strangean Analysis of the TPP and CPTPP -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Strange Approach to Information, Network, Sharing, and Platform Societies -- 1 The Knowledge Structure -- 1.1 Knowledge Structure: Technology -- 1.2 Knowledge Structure: Ideas -- 1.3 Knowledge Structure: Regulation -- 2 The Production Structure -- 2.1 Interactions Between the Production Structure and the Knowledge Structure -- 2.1.1 Technology -- 2.1.2 Ideas -- 2.1.3 Regulation -- 2.2 Feedback to the Knowledge Structure -- 3 The Security Structure.

CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 84 S381-1 ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The article gathers information about the Rule of Law Framework and analyzes the Rule of Law Framework and its implementation. It starts by introducing the Framework itself. It further maps out its implementation via the Recommendations made against Poland. The Recommendations are set within their context, and their reception by Poland follows. Building on the experience, the European Commission opened a discussion on the future of the Framework and its potential improvement. The discussion is touched upon in the article as well. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the Framework in a case study in Poland. It concludes that the Framework was ineffective with regard to achieving its three functions.

How people distribute income is investigated, using participants in two experimental treatments—one with and the other without a veil of ignorance. The experiment tests two major hypotheses: (1) the veil of ignorance generates Rawlsian choices, and (2) equal bargaining power and the veto rule generate Rawlsian choices, even though there is no veil of ignorance. Rawlsian choices are defined as those that maximize the income of the lowest income group. Results show that the proportion of Rawlsian choices is bigger in those groups in which there is no veil of ignorance. In group discussions, arguments related to justice are also more common in the no veil of ignorance than in the veil of ignorance treatment.

The modern history of Vietnam indicates that the country has always had more than one legal system, whether the country was unified or divided. These systems have changed and been influenced by indigenous customs, by Chinese, French, American, and socialist laws, and by other political or violent events. For example, starting from the period when Vietnam was under French domination, the country had three separate sets of laws for its three geographical regions: 1) Tonkin in the North; 2) Annam in the Center; and 3) Cochin China in the South.