The paper examines the participation characteristics within internet-based collective action by analysing the case of digital rights campaigning. Drawing upon empirical findings from a case study (the "Telecoms Package" campaign, 2007-2009), we discuss how digital rights activists organise, collaborate and mobilise using websites, mailing lists, wikis and instant messaging channels. Participation is individualised and malleable. However, successful digital rights' campaigning requires political, technical and social skills. To intervene in EU policy-making, activists need technical and political expertise and technological skills. As a result and contrary to claims of inclusiveness and openness, digital rights campaigning is in fact dominated by a small group of highly specialised movement entrepreneurs who mobilise occasionally to demonstrate broader support to policy-makers. The emergence of internet-based campaigning does not necessarily equal to more inclusive forms of participation. However, it allows for the engagement of resource-poor actors in traditional policy settings such as the EU.
"It may seem a strange place to start, but a good beginning here is the Boston Marathon bombings in April, 2013 and the days that followed. In particular, the Friday when officials shut down the city of Boston and neighboring communities. Businesses all over the city were forced to shut down while the manhunt took place over the course of the day on Friday. While retail establishments were really out of luck because no one on the streets meant no one in the stores, other businesses were able to continue to operate because of a number of technologies that allowed remote workers to get access to their files, the systems they needed and their phone systems. Any business that implemented a full Unified Communications (UC) solution could have employees also communicating with instant messaging and know who was on-line because of the presence capabilities. Additionally, news of the events spread quickly and less because of news outlets who were, quite rightly, not allowed to provide specifics about many of the activities"--
Our workdays are so filled with emails, instant messaging, and RSS feeds that we complain that there's not enough time to get our actual work done. At home, we are besieged by telephone calls on landlines and cell phones, the beeps that signal text messages, and work emails on our BlackBerrys. It's too much, we cry (or type) as we update our Facebook pages, compose a blog post, or check to see what Shaquille O'Neal has to say on Twitter. In Texture, Richard Harper asks why we seek out new ways of communicating even as we complain about communication overload. Harper describes the mistaken assumptions of developers that "more" is always better and argues that users prefer simpler technologies that allow them to create social bonds. Communication is not just the exchange of information. There is a texture to our communicative practices, manifest in the different means we choose to communicate (quick or slow, permanent or ephemeral).
Zugriffsoptionen:
Die folgenden Links führen aus den jeweiligen lokalen Bibliotheken zum Volltext:
Pro Office 365 Development is a practical, hands-on guide to building cloud-based solutions using the Office 365 platform. This groundbreaking offering from Microsoft provides enterprise-class collaborative solutions at an affordable price, and this book shows you how to use the Office 365 platform to easily build amazing custom applications, including coding for Excel Services, Microsoft Access, and SharePoint Online. This book provides everything you'll need to start developing custom solutions. You'll find step-by-step instructions for providing custom features using the cloud-based services, SharePoint Online, Exchange Online and Lync Online. There are lots of sample programs using Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), JavaScript and Silverlight. Whether you want to build desktop client applications or browser-only solutions with Microsoft's new cloud-based productivity offering, this book will show you how to do it. Develop SharePoint solutions, including declarative workflows Use Access and Excel services to quickly build SharePoint sites Build content-sensitive collaborative solutions with instant messaging and video conferencing.
In: New media & society: an international and interdisciplinary forum for the examination of the social dynamics of media and information change, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 5-23
Communication technologies are widely used to manage interpersonal relationships, but little is known about which media are most useful at different stages of relationship development, and how the pattern of usage may be influenced by contextual factors or users' gender. Drawing on theories of relationship development, this study examined usage patterns among 34 college students participating in six geographically stratified focus group interviews. Analyses revealed a sequence of media use tied to stages of relationship development − from Facebook in early stages to instant messaging and then cell phones as a relationship progressed. Judgments about the efficacy and appropriateness of using a medium were based on how well its salient features matched prominent goals or addressed major concerns of a relationship at the given stage. International students added two technologies to the sequence to accommodate time differentials and distance from communication partners. Males were less explicit about the sequence, except when referring to cross-sex relationships.
We present an examination of informal network structure within the sales division of a global manufacturing organization. Sociometric Badges were used to collect data on face-to-face interactions over a total of 8 weeks, the latter half of which was spent in a redesigned workspace. These data were supplemented by employees' e-mail and instant messaging log activity. The allocation of an individual's communication among colleagues reflected the company's structure as a post-bureaucratic organization. The observed interteam communication patterns differed from those expected to arise based on the various functions performed by each team throughout the sales cycle, suggesting that the communication needs of each team were not wholly provided for by the available media. A subset of workers who were encouraged to utilize flexible seating arrangements in a remodeled space had a higher proportion of face-to-face interactions with colleagues outside of their team, while employees seated far away from each other were less likely to exchange e-mail. This research has implications for companies hoping to understand the structure of informal networks within their organization as well as those considering workplace redesign as a method of stimulating communication within these networks.
The paper examines two interrelated puzzles: the empirical one concerns communication in electronic anonymous markets. If trading screens provide traders with all the needed informational resources (including data interpretation), why do said traders constantly engage in chatter and instant messaging? These latter should be seen as time consuming, as distracting, and as increasing uncertainties. The theoretical puzzle is provided by the need to conceptualize communication as more than a set of maintenance and support functions for networks of traders, and as different from a tool used in reducing uncertainties about the future. I argue that in order to be able to act, actors need to typify transactions, based on their observable features. Typification is a collaborative activity, consisting in identifying particular, observable elements of market transactions as marks or tags characteristic for a certain type. Tags enable market participants to judge transactions as instances of particular types, along multiple criteria. Four kinds of tags are identified here: personal, agential, actional and procedural. Based on them, market actors solve action- and decision-relevant problems. The communicative engagement in typifications is a mechanism of differentiation and group building in online markets. Its investigation helps shed light on the social dynamics of electronic trading. Adapted from the source document.
In today's social environments, many activities implying the construction of cultural and social meaning are intrinsically tied to media. It is not only the interpersonal level of communication that has been shaped by technological innovations like e-mail, instant messaging or chat (Thimm, 2008); but so have complex societal processes. Whether in politics, economy or business, media traverse the whole society. They are part of the transformation of the public sphere and interwoven within the differentiation of new communication structures and segments. Consequently, media development and societal changes have to be seen as closely connected processes. The concept of mediatization offers an approach to explain the reciprocal impact of media on groups and persons, but it also sheds light on structures and processes within public, political, secular, institutional and private spheres and in daily life (see the contributions in Lundby, 2009). As Krotz (2001; 2007) points out, mediatization is one of the pivotal 'metaprocesses' by which social and cultural changes can be described and explained: 'Today, globalization, individualization, mediatization and the growing importance of the economy, which we here call commercialization, can be seen as the relevant metaprocesses that influence democracy and society, culture, politics and other conditions of life over the longer term' (Krotz, 2007, p. 257).
Different human languages look different from other human languages. To use a term from the computer industry, each human language has its own "look and feel". European English speakers can easily recognise a phrase such as "Comment allez-vous?" as being written in French while the phrase "¿Habla usted español?" is written in Spanish. Each language has its own letter frequencies, word frequencies and other identifiers. This paper describes key identifiers in MXit lingo as found in Dr Math conversations. MXit is a mobile instant messaging system which originated in South Africa and is expanding to other countries. Dr Math is a mobile tutoring system which uses MXit as a communication protocol. Primary and secondary school pupils can receive help with the mathematics homework using the Dr Math tutoring system. The pupils use MXit on their cell phones and the tutors use traditional Internet workstations. After exploring how MXit lingo is written, this paper will briefly explore why MXit lingo is written the way it is. By identifying and describing the orthographic conventions visible in the spelling of MXit lingo, although with some theoretical support, insight into the purposeful and functional nature of written, mobile communication will be revealed. In highlighting spelling that is influenced by Black South African English, an attempt will be made to contribute to the empirical development of a field of study that explores the construction of words used in South African mobile communication.Keywords: MXit, Math, letters, writing, orthographyDisciplines: Linguistics, mathematics, information technology
Social media such as instant messaging (IM), social networking sites (SNS), blogs, and microblogs are an integral part of adolescents' lives in China. Anecdotal evidence reported in the news has suggested that the increasing popularity of social media could make adolescents more vulnerable to being addicted. This exploratory study proposes the concept of "social media addiction" and examines (a) whether social media addiction exists among adolescents in urban China and, if so, who the addicts are, what their symptoms are, and to what extent they are addicted; (b) whether sociopsychological traits (e.g., need for affiliation, impression management, narcissism, and leisure boredom) can predict social media addiction among adolescents; (c) what gratifications are obtained by adolescents from their use of social media and whether these gratifications can predict social media addiction; and (d) to what degree social media addiction influences adolescents' academic performance and social capital. This study employed quantitative questionnaire surveys among adolescents as the main research method, supplemented by qualitative pre-survey focus groups among adolescents and post-survey in-depth interviews among parents and teachers. Questionnaire surveys were conducted based on a multi-stage cluster sampling of seven middle schools in five urban Chinese cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Xiamen. The final sample consisted of 1,549 adolescents, of whom 90% had used social media. Using Young's classic definition of Internet addiction, 15.6% of participants were classified as social media addicts. The addicted adolescents were often self-absorbed, bored with their leisure time, and good at using manipulation through social media for impression management. Addicts experienced four major social media addiction symptoms: preoccupation, adverse consequences, alleviation of negative emotions, and loss of interest in social activities. The seven social media gratifications identified in this study can be categorized into social, information, and entertainment gratifications. Among these, entertainment gratifications had the most power to predict social media addiction, while information gratifications were the least likely to lead to addiction. Furthermore, these gratifications were found to be powerful mediators between the adolescents' sociopsychological traits and social media addiction. Finally, the results also indicated that social media addi ...
Zugriffsoptionen:
Die folgenden Links führen aus den jeweiligen lokalen Bibliotheken zum Volltext:
Social media such as instant messaging (IM), social networking sites (SNS), blogs, and microblogs are an integral part of adolescents lives in China. Anecdotal evidence reported in the news has suggested that the increasing popularity of social media could make adolescents more vulnerable to being addicted. This exploratory study proposes the concept of social media addiction and examines (a) whether social media addiction exists among adolescents in urban China and, if so, who the addicts are, what their symptoms are, and to what extent they are addicted; (b) whether sociopsychological traits (e.g., need for affiliation, impression management, narcissism, and leisure boredom) can predict social media addiction among adolescents; (c) what gratifications are obtained by adolescents from their use of social media and whether these gratifications can predict social media addiction; and (d) to what degree social media addiction influences adolescents academic performance and social capital. This study employed quantitative questionnaire surveys among adolescents as the main research method, supplemented by qualitative pre-survey focus groups among adolescents and post-survey in-depth interviews among parents and teachers. Questionnaire surveys were conducted based on a multi-stage cluster sampling of seven middle schools in five urban Chinese cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Xiamen. The final sample consisted of 1,549 adolescents, of whom 90% had used social media. Using Young's classic definition of Internet addiction, 15.6% of participants were classified as social media addicts. The addicted adolescents were often self-absorbed, bored with their leisure time, and good at using manipulation through social media for impression management. Addicts experienced four major social media addiction symptoms: preoccupation, adverse consequences, alleviation of negative emotions, and loss of interest in social activities. The seven social media gratifications identified in this study can be categorized into social, information, and entertainment gratifications. Among these, entertainment gratifications had the most power to predict social media addiction, while information gratifications were the least likely to lead to addiction. Furthermore, these gratifications were found to be powerful mediators between the adolescents sociopsychological traits and social media addiction. Finally, the results also indicated that social media addiction and its symptoms had a significant negative impact on adolescents academic performance and social capital.
Introduction -- Mediated women. The geography of women and media scholarship / Carolyn Byerly -- Chilean women in changing times: media images and social understandings / Claudia Bucciferro -- The girls of Parliament: a historical analysis of the press coverage of female politicians in Bulgaria / Elza Ibrosheva and Maria Stover -- Gossip blogs and "baby bumps": the new visual spectacle of female celebrity in gossip media / Erin Meyers -- Fanfiction and webnovelas: the digital reading and writing of Brazilian adolescent girls / Ilana Eleá -- Virtually blonde: blonde jokes in the global age and post-feminist discourse / Limor Shifman and Dafna Lemish -- Rugged masculinity and other fables. Men, masculinitie and the cave man / Jeffery P. Dennis -- Rhetorical masculinity: authoritative utterance and the male protagonist / Stuart Price -- Conan the blueprint: the construction of masculine prototypes in genre films / Guido Ipsen -- Save the cheerleader, save the males: resurgent protective paternalism in popular film and television after 9/11 / Sarah Godfrey and Hannah Hamad -- Fucking Vito: masculinity and sexuality in The Sopranos / Lynne Hibberd -- Studio5ive.com: selling cosmetics to men and reconstructing masculine identity / Claire Harrison -- Queering the pitch. No hard feelings: reflexivity and queer affect in the new media landscape / Katherine Sender -- The L word: producing identities through irony / Julie Scanlon -- Andro-phobia?: when gender queer is too queer for L-word audiences / Rebecca Kern -- Questioning queer audiences: exploring diversity in lesbian and gay men's media uses and readings / Alexander Dhoest and Nele Simons -- "In touch" with the female body: cinema, sport and lesbian representability / Katharina Lindner -- Why doesn't your compass work?: Pirates of the Caribbean, fantasy blockbusters and contemporary queer theory / Martin Fradley -- Raised voices: homophobic abuse as a catalyst for coming out in US teen television drama series / Susan Berridge -- Transmen on the web: inscribing multiple discourses / Matthew Heinz -- Transgendered saints and harlots: reproduction of popular Brazilian transgender stereotypes through performance on stage, screen and in everyday life / Johannes Sjöberg -- Women, men and gender. Sex/gender and the media: from sex roles to social construction and beyond / Cynthia Carter -- Colin won't drink out of a pink cup / Barbara Mitra and Jenny Lewin-Jones -- Postfeminism meets hegemonic masculinities: young people read the "knowing wink" in advertising / Sue Abel -- Communication as commodification: video technology and the gendered gaze / Corinna Chong, Heather Molyneaux and Hélène Fournier -- Dutch-Moroccan girls performing their selves in instant messaging spaces / Koen Leurs and Sandra Ponzanesi -- All about sex. Sex and the media / Feona Attwood -- Deliciously consumable: the uses and abuses of irony in "sex-trafficking" campaign films / Jane Arthurs -- The sex inspectors: self-help, makeover and mediated sex / Laura Harvey and Rosalind Gill -- Enacting bodies: online dating and new media practices / Begonya Enguix and Elisenda Ardévol -- Gender and sexuality in the Internet era / Panayiota Tsatsou -- Gay for pay: the Internet and the economics of homosexual desire / John Mercer
International audience ; Although certain education policies emphasize "the ability to collaborate" as a key element of educational reform, education for digital collaboration is poorly supported by public schools. To build the conditions of a sustainable education, we have developed a training model focused on learner autonomy. We present the results of an experiment conducted with students, our pedagogical model and its implementation, as well as our observation and analysis of this experiment. We analyzed discussions in instant messaging between students and teachers, and their productions. All results show the influence of our training. Thus, education and digital collaboration can be built from a triple analytic capacity: functional, reflexive and critical or comparative. This educational model refuses to reduce the concept of collaboration to being able to use an interface. It allows learners to develop their autonomy, and to acquire true technological know-how. ; A pesar del hincapié que ciertas políticas de educación hacen en "la competencia de colaboración", como elemento clave de la reforma pedagógica, la educación en la colaboración digital, no se realiza en las escuelas. Para crear las condiciones de una educación sostenible, hemos desarrollado un modelo de formación centrado en la autonomía del alumno. En este artículo, se presenta nuestra concepción de modelo pedagógico y los resultados de un experimento realizado con los estudiantes, así como el método de realización, de observación y de análisis de dicho experimento. En una mensajería instantánea, entre estudiantes y profesores, se analizaron los debates ; los resultados muestran la influencia que ejerce el dispositivo de formación. De esta forma, la educación tendente a la colaboración digital puede ser construída a partir de tres capacidades de análisis: funcional, reflexiva y crítica o comparativa. Nuestro modelo educativo permite a los estudiantes desarrollar un aprendizaje autónomo, a la vez que adquirir un verdadero saber-hacer tecnológico. ; À l'heure où certaines politiques éducatives font de la « compétence collaborative » une clé du renouveau pédagogique, l'éducation à la collaboration numérique n'est pas prise en charge par l'école. Pour construire les conditions d'un enseignement durable, nous avons développé un modèle de formation centré sur l'autonomie de l'apprenant. Nous présentons les résultats d'une expérience menée avec des étudiants, notre conception du modèle pédagogique, puis la méthode de réalisation, d'observation et d'analyse de cette expérience. Nous avons analysé les discussions dans une messagerie instantanée, entre les étudiants et l'enseignant, et leurs productions. Tous les résultats montrent l'influence du dispositif de formation. Ainsi l'éducation à la collaboration numérique peut se construire à partir de l'apprentissage d'une triple capacité d'analyse : fonctionnelle, réflexive et critique ou comparative. Ce modèle pédagogique se situe à l'opposé d'une conception de la collaboration qui se réduirait au « bon usage » d'une interface. Notre modèle permet aux apprenants de développer une démarche d'autonomie, et d'acquérir un véritable savoir-faire technologique.
In the late 1990s, NASA conducted a study of the Interplanetary Internet (IPN) architecture. In order to build and deploy IPN infrastructure, the network technology had to be able to cope with long radio signal propagation delays and frequent radio link disruptions. The concept of a Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) emerged after recognizing that such a networking paradigm can also be applicable for terrestrial use. DTN technology can be applied, for instance, in disaster situations, military battlefields, economically developing areas, and remote regions.This thesis follows the process of applying DTN technology to a remote, communication-challenged area in the Arctic part of Sweden. The aim of the DTN deployments in the remote villages of Sarek and Padjelanta National Parks, between 2008 and 2011, was to provide a basic set of ICT services to the nomadic Sami population. Therefore, the research presented here acknowledges and considers the specific geographical, technical, and cultural conditions of these areas, and how these conditions profoundly shaped the development of the deployed technology as well as the research methodology. As a result, this thesis makes scientific contributions to several research topics, spanning the fields of DTN routing, DTN service development, DTN evaluation methodologies, and ICT deployments.The first contribution in this thesis is the proposal of a new and improved version of the PRoPHETv2 routing protocol. The development of this routing protocol was driven by actual protocol use and the results of experiments conducted during the course of the DTN deployments.Secondly, this thesis proposes an alternative DTN routing objective for a typical remote village DTN scenario. Weaknesses of a conventional DTN routing research objective are exposed by outlining concrete geographical, social, and technical conditions discovered in DTN deployments on the field. When these conditions are overlooked, they can profoundly affect DTN deployments.Thirdly, this thesis discusses the development and deployment of the Not-So-Instant-Messaging (NSIM) DTN service. The NSIM service was designed to leverage from the decentralized DTN infrastructure. Its success in the field demonstrates the importance of localized DTN services. Fourthly, using qualitative reading of DTN routing related papers, this thesis describes shortcomings of established DTN routing evaluation methodologies. Extensive use of simulated environments and scarce real-world experiments in the DTN research field often leads to usage of specific hypothetical scenarios. These scenarios are difficult to compare or relate to each other. Additionally, DTN research that does contextualize itself in remote, extreme, and challenging scenarios performs evaluations of proposed routing schemes in urban or academic environments. The DTN evaluation model that is proposed here tries to improve the readability, comparability, and validity of DTN routing evaluations. This thesis also pays attention to the issue of how to evaluate the complex interplay that occurs between researchers, users, technology and environment throughout the deployment process. The suggested method highlights the dynamics of resistance, as conceptualized within Actor Network Theory (ANT). It illustrates how employment of the concept of resistance facilitates the recognition of different driving forces in the design process that emerge from the events in the deployment.Ultimately, the thesis contributes with the PRoPHET routing protocol specification in the "Request for Comments" (RFC) document series that is the official publication channel for the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) and other Internet communities. The protocol specification published as the RFC6693 document allows for actual protocol implementation and assures interoperability. The discussion that follows the RFC document in this thesis focuses on the process of transferring scientific findings gained from the experiments on the deployment field into the Internet draft document that was finally recognized as an experimental RFC within the IRTF. ; Godkänd; 2014; 20140407 (samo); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Samo Grasic Ämne: Arbetsvetenskap/Human Work Science Avhandling: Development and Deployment of Delay Tolerant Networks: An Arctic Village Case Opponent: Professor Lars Wolf, Institut für Betriebssysteme und Rechneverbund, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Tyskland Ordförande: Docent Maria Udén, Avd för arbetsvetenskap, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Måndag den 12 maj 2014, kl 10.00 Plats: A109, Luleå tekniska universitet För Tekniska fakultetsnämnden ; Networking for Communications Challenged Communities: Architecture, Test Beds and Innovative Alliances
