Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the paper is to determine significance and tendencies of the processes which make an influence on integration of countries and study the necessity to ensure a favourable political and legitimate climate which is to be directed on rapprochement of national legislations. The most important factors promoting success of integration processes are specified in the paper. ; Определена значимость процессов, которые влияют на интеграцию государств, создание для этого благоприятного политико-правового климата для сближения национальных законодательств. Выделены наиболее важные факторы, способствующие успеху интеграционных процессов.

Раздел "АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПУБЛИЧНОГО ПРАВА" ; Статья посвящена рассмотрению и анализу истории европейской интеграции, выявлению причин объединения Европы после Второй мировой войны. Автор изучает различные подходы к пониманию интеграционных процессов на европейском континенте и приводит мнения представителей церкви, философии, политических деятелей, принадлежащих разным эпохам. В статье подробно описан процесс создания Совета Европы, ведущей региональной международной организации. Особое внимание уделяется Европейскому конгрессу, который проходил в Гааге (Нидерланды) 8—10 мая 1948 г. и который положил начало процессу объединения Европы во второй половине XX века. = The article examines and analyzes the history of the European integration, and identifies the causes of the European unification after the Second World War. The author examines different approaches to the understanding of integration processes on the European continent and the opinions of representatives of the church, philosophy, politicians, belonging to different epochs. The article describes the process of establishing of the Council of Europe, a leading regional international organization. Particular attention is paid to the European Congress (the Hague (Netherlands) 8—10 May 1948) which initiated the process of European unification in the second half of the XX-th century.

Раздел "Международные экономические отношения" ; В статье дана оценка опыта Союзного государства Беларуси и России в сфере формирования общего научно-технологического пространства, реализации совместной инновационной политики и развития научно-технического сотрудничества. Проведен сравнительный анализ целей и направлений развития инновационной политики, а также источников финансирования совместных инновационных программ в Союзном государстве Беларуси и России и Европейском союзе. Рассмотрены основные направления развития совместной инновационной политики России и Беларуси с учетом опыта осуществления единой наднациональной политики Европейского союза в области исследований и инноваций, включая реализацию перспективных программ научно-технологического развития, координацию исследований, гармонизацию нормативно-правовой базы, совершенствование системы финансирования совместных исследований, интеграцию систем профессионального и высшего образования и вузовской науки, мониторинг в сфере исследований, образования, инноваций и сотрудничества в данных областях. = The article assesses the experience of the Union State of Belarus and Russia in the area of common scientific and technological space, joint innovation policy and the development of scientific and technological cooperation. Comparative analysis of objectives and areas for development of innovative policies and financing of joint innovative programmes in the Union State of Belarus and Russia and the European Union is carried out. The author considers the main directions of development of joint innovation policy of Russia and Belarus in the light of the experience of unified supranational policy of the European Union in the field of research and innovation, including the implementation of advanced scientific and technological development programmes, coordinating research, harmonizing legislation, improving the system of financing the joint systems of integration research, integration of vocational and higher education systems and university science, monitoring of research, education, innovation and cooperation in these areas.

In this paper, the author analyzes economic integration, reveals its economic, social and environmental matters in the realm of sustainable development paradigm, traces the economic relations that arise in order to ensure environmental safety. The development of sustainable economic relations among countries, the deepening of the international division of labor, as one of the main tasks of environmental security. It is shown that integration interaction allows its participants to jointly solve the most acute economic, social and environmental problems. The result of the analysis of integration cooperation strategies is the allocation of the EU as a standard for regional economic and political interaction processes. ; В статье анализируется экономическая интеграция, раскрывается ее экономическая, социальная и экологическая сущности в рамках концепции устойчивого развития, прослеживаются экономические отношения, возникающие в целях обеспечения экологической безопасности. Развитие устойчивых экономических связей между странами, углубление международного разделения труда является одним из основных вызовов экологической безопасности. Говоря о процессах экономической интеграции невозможно обойти стороной развитие информационных технологий, которое происходит все более быстрыми темпами и напрямую влияет на взаимоотношения между странами. Таким образом, цифровая трансформация оказывает влияние на интеграционное взаимодействие и позволяет его участникам совместно решать экономические, социальные и экологические проблемы вне зависимости от наличия государственных границ между странами.

Analyzed are the conceptual notions that determine the modern society dominant processes, language development models in the EU and Ukraine, and the role of multilingual processes whose organic component and key tool is the bilingualism. Essential role here is attributed to the necessity of multifaceted representation of multilingualistic European policy aimed at creating a multicultural and multilingual society within the EU, such society being characterized both by the preservation of each EU member state national culture, and by creating a beneficial environment for the foreign language and respective culture studies.

The article examines the history of the origin of Western European economic integration and Eastern European "socialist integration" in the second half of the 1940s of the twentieth century. The study of this history is determined by the need for scientific reinterpretation of established ideas about the most important historical processes, as well as the modern need to extract positive experience from the past through historical analysis. This work, based on the publications of various political orientations, with the involvement of published and archival documents, is one of the first attempts to clarify not only the distinctive, but also common in the history of institutional construction of two economic integration models.

This article examines some current problems of EU and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Also this article generalize and illustrate in new way long waves hypothesis. The author suggests a non-customary approach to the study and forecasting of the economic life within the framework of Kondratieff approaches. Cyclical patterns were successfully used by the author in the business and in the banking sphere. Taking into account long waves, in 2009 the author warned about the possible economic crises in Russia in 2014-2015, 2020 and such crises actually happened. The aim of this article is the systematization and the adaptation of long waves approaches to the study of many acute economic problems. The hypothesis of long waves was used by the author but only as a general empirical reference point. It touches on many actual problems of world development, including the decrease of global FDI and the growth of centrifugal forces in the EU. The question is raised about the large-scale spread of coronavirus. The rapid spread of COVID-19 could have been connected with high global instability in addition to other well-known factors. Taking into account Kondratieff's waves and many years of the author's experience in the Russian business and in the Russian banking sphere, the author touches on a long unfavorable period of economic instability in Russian economy. Some economic advices to regulators and business in Russia are provided. Also the author concludes that it is necessary to continue studying the Kondratieff long wave hypothesis with the aim of its further successful use in forecasting.

Russia is currently in search of its place and its role in the world. In the conditions of intense relations with the Western states, a political discourse is experiencing the change of priorities in defining a direction of the country's development. Therefore the European vector which served as an orientation point in the political elite in 1990s - the beginning of 2000s, is replaced by the Eurasian one. It is also caused by strengthening the economic and political influence of the Asian states on the international processes. The Eurasian integration project initiated by Russia, finds support among a number of the countries of the post-Soviet territory. The created Eurasian economic union becomes the significant subject of the international political process that gives confidence to Russia as far as its forces in building relations with the Western countries are concerned, as well as the search of self-identity. Russia aspires to become the bridge connecting the West and the East that can serve as its contribution to the creation of equal relations in the global world. The article attempts to highlight the trends of modern Russian civilization identification process within the political science discourse. This process is associated with inconsistent implementation of the political, legal, socio-economic and socio-cultural (ideological) projects of society and the state modernization. The author focuses on the fact that the center of the discussions in the socio-political discourse is increasingly shifting towards the search of Russian interests not within civilizational projects, but in the search for an independent path of development, which is most fully consistent with the historical destiny of Russia. The author substantiates positive and negative factors that contribute to the realization of the Eurasian project aimed at the integration of countries and peoples in the context of the implementation of democratic reforms and the national models of political modernization. (author's abstract)

The strengthening of the interdependence of national economic mechanisms is based on the developing process of internationalization of the economic life of each country on the scale of the world economy. The transition in the last decades of developed countries to a new technological base, the creation of new information communications, the emergence of modern means of communication are accompanied by the rapid development of such forms of internationalization as the internationalization of scientific and technical research, as well as foreign exchange and financial-credit relations. The highest form of internationalization of economic life, its qualitatively new stage is international economic integration, which involves convergence of national economies and the implementation of their coherent interstate economic policy. ; Усиление взаимозависимости национальных экономических механизмов опирается на развивающийся процесс интернационализации хозяйственной жизни каждой страны в масштабе мирового хозяйства. Переход развитых стран на новую технологическую базу, создание новых информационных коммуникаций, возникновение современных средств связи сопровождаются бурным развитием таких форм интернационализации, как интернационализация научных и технических исследований, а также валютных и финансово-кредитных отношений. Высшей формой интернационализации хозяйственной жизни, её качественно новым этапом является международная экономическая интеграция, которая предполагает сближение национальных хозяйств и проведение ими согласованной межгосударственной экономической политики.

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; Действующая в Республике Беларусь система убежища, обеспечивает доступ к безопасности и гарантирует невысылку беженцев, а также создает основы социальной интеграции данной категории иностранцев. Белорусское законодательство в области прав беженцев практически приравнивает признанных беженцев во всех сферах жизнедеятельности: к гражданам Республики Беларусь. Содействие интеграции и адаптации мигрантов является одним из приоритетных направлений Государственной миграционной программы на 2006—2010 годы. В этих целях предусматривается осуществлять меры по интеграции лиц, признанных беженцами, в белорусское общество во взаимодействии с международными организациями и при их поддержке. В 2007 г. по инициативе Республики Беларусь в целях разработки мер по улучшению ситуации в области интеграции беженцев под эгидой Сёдерчёпингского процесса при финансовой поддержке Европейской комиссии проведено региональное исследование «Содействие местной интеграции беженцев в Беларуси, Молдове и Украине». Результаты исследования позволят подготовить конкретные проектные предложения, направленные на совершенствование национальной системы убежища с учетом международных стандартов, реализация которых при содействии международных организаций и финансовой поддержке доноров значительно повысит эффективность работы с лицами, признанными нуждающимися в международной защите. = The asylum system in force in Belarus provides security and guarantees non-refoulement as well as lays down the basis for social integration of this category of aliens. Belarusian legislation in the field of refugee rights affords refugees the rights practically equal to those of the Republic of Belarus citizens in all spheres. Promoting integration and adaptation of migrants is one of the priority guidelines of the State Migration Programme for 2006—2010. It envisages implementation of measures to integrate the persons, recognized as refugees into Belarusian society in collaboration with international organizations and with their support. The Republic of Belarus initiated a regional study «Promoting Local Integration of Refugees in Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine», held in 2007 under the aegis of Söderköping Process and with the European Commission's financial support to develop measures to improve the situation in refugees' integration. The results of this study will lead to developing specific projects to improve the national asylum system in accordance with international standards. Their implementation with the international organizations and financial donors' support will raise the efficiency of the work with the persons whose need of international protection is recognized.

Integration processes should focus on a common strategy of joint cooperation and development, taking into account the needs and interests of all stakeholders, not just the leaders of the Alliance. Otherwise, the Union will form and accumulate structural imbalances not only in the economic but also in the political sphere ; Процессы интеграции должны быть направлены на общую стратегию солидарного сотрудничества и развития и учитывать потребности и интересы всех участников процесса, а не только лидеров объединения. В противном случае в рамках союза будут формироваться и накапливаться структурные дисбалансы не только в экономической, но и в политической сфере