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Over the last 50 years there has been a paradigmatic shift in the climate of ideas and governing orthodoxy from Keynesian-corporatism to neoliberalism. Such paradigms provide the philosophical goals that are pursued by policy and practice and determine what are considered to be the legitimate means of attaining those goals. We use evolving policy and practice relating to the protection and management of street trees as a vehicle for examining the relations between the competing paradigms of corporatism and neoliberalism, and the ways that they are expressed 'on the ground'. In doing so we highlight the tensions between the amenity value and the economic value of street trees and between techniques for their estimation. The legitimacy of measures of the former, such as Helliwell and CAVAT, that embody corporatist concepts are subject to continuing challenges based on their (lack of) scientific rigour or economic principle. The strengths of measures of the latter, such as i-Tree, are emphasised on the same grounds. Such is the success of these efforts that the equation of the value of a street tree with an estimation of the price that people will pay for the ecosystem services it delivers is not seen as controversial.

The year 1604 witnessed a deterioration on several fronts of relations between France and Spain. This polemic feeds on the bad feelings and calls for war. ; Electronic reproduction ; 85 p. ; 17 cm.

The nobility of France here praise Louis XIII for the temporary peace between France and Savoy. France wished to thwart Spain's meddling and aggression. At this time Spain possessed lands from the Po Valley to the North Sea. It was interested in holding key points for the trade routes but also for its armies. ; Electronic reproduction ; 15 p. ; 16 cm.

This pamphlet relates the siege of the town and chateau of Crevecoeur, January 1617. The siege was conducted against the Duchy of Milan by the combined forces of the Duc de Lesdiguieres, 1543-1626, and the Prince de Piedmont, later called Victor Amadeus, Duc de Savoy, 1587-1637. Milan was part of the Spanish possessions of Phillip III who was the maternal uncle of Victor Amadeus and the brother-in-law of his father, Charles Emmanuel, Duc de Savoy, 1562-1630. The latter had decided in 1615 that he was no longer going to be controlled by Philip III and thus several "petits guerres" ensued. ; Electronic reproduction ; 8, 7 p. ; 17 cm.

[4], 24 p. ; No more published. ; Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.

The anonymous author of this pamphlet gives some foreign policy advice to the young King. He advises that now that the Peace of Loudun is concluded, he should turn his attention to solidifying the position of France vis à vis Spain and Great Britain. Much has done in regards to Spain. It now needs to be done for Great Britain as well. ; Electronic reproduction ; 46 p. ; 17 cm.

[8], 14 p. ; Dedication signed: Thomas Midleton. ; Signatures: A⁴(-A1) B-C⁴. ; Identified as STC 17894 on reel 658. ; Reproduction of original in the British Library.

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the top destination for Russian food exports, grains in particular. Focusing on Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, this chapter shows that Russia's food trade with MENA countries is strongly affected by bilateral political relations. Russia banned most food imports from Turkey over a political conflict in 2016. In the same year, improved intergovernmental cooperation with Saudi Arabia resulted in a diversification of Russia's food exports to the Gulf country, and in 2019, Iran's accession to the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) led to increasing food trade with Russia. Food imports in MENA countries are usually managed by powerful state trading enterprises (STEs), which recurrently disapprove food products originating from Russia based on non-adherence to food quality standards. Our analysis shows that Russia is successfully working to open additional destination markets, while simultaneously impeding imports of food products that it aims to produce domestically.

The French government was always interested in and wary of what Spain was doing. This pamphlet is a translation of a letter which details the Spanish siege of the Venetian fortress of Marano on the Adriatic with the successful occupation of the fortress and the city. At head of text: "Extraict d'vne Lettre enuoyée de Venise le 21. May dernier 1618." ; Electronic reproduction ; 7 p. ; 17 cm.

The author here presents the arguments which many had presented in opposition to the Spanish marriages. The author then answers these arguments and claims that their fears are unfounded. ; Electronic reproduction ; 16 p. ; 17 cm.

The seventeenth century was an age of pamphleteering. Every faction printed pamphlets to let their own point of view be known. This particular pamphlet refutes the large number of pamphlets which had been written to attack the forthcoming Spanish marriages which would effectively bring about a Franco-Spanish alliance. ; Electronic reproduction ; 27 p. ; 17 cm.

This is a fervent royalist pamphlet directed against the revolting princes. The author chastises them for rebelling and states that the alliances with Spain are absolutely necessary. ; Electronic reproduction ; 7, [1] p. ; 18 cm.

The French were always interested in the Turkish threat. This pamphlet is a review of the depredations in Transylvania and an appeal to resist the Ottomans. ; Electronic reproduction ; 8 p. ; 17 cm.