Suchergebnisse

The article represents an attempt to investigate qualitative aspect of internationalization process within the context of Ukrainian system of higher education. Internationalization has been viewed as a reaction to the global transformation processes, as well as a unique possibility for Ukrainian higher education to ensure its integrated transformation according to European and world trends. Based on the research on the theory of internationalization, international education, overseas recruitment and mobility, issues of quality in higher education have been discussed, as well as a number of practical rationales for internationalization of higher education applicable within the context of Ukrainian higher education system have been outlined. Based on the rationales educational outcomes of internationalization in Ukrainian higher education have been substantiated.

AbstractNonviolence has an established tradition in several disciplines, including political theory, international relations and political science. But its potential for the European Union (EU) has not been appraised yet. Thus, we set out to explore nonviolence as an analytical and normative framework for the study of the EU. At the outset, we introduce nonviolence and define our approach to this concept. We then apply our analytical and normative framework to three critical issues concerning the nature of EU power, the democratic deficit and the narrative of integration. We find that nonviolence re‐defines the core dimensions of power and democracy, and imagines the EU in non‐state‐morphic ways, situating praxis at the roots of the integration process and its narrative.

Les touristes constituent souvent, aujourd'hui, une « cible privilégiée du terrorisme » et des différentes formes de délinquance sur les plans national et international ; l'optimisation de la sécurisation des territoires au regard du tourisme est dès lors une préoccupation accrue de l'État, des collectivités décentralisées et de leurs groupements, ainsi que des professionnels du secteur. Nous nous proposons d'évoquer l'importance du « dialogue entre hauts fonctionnaires de l'État, élus, personnels des collectivités territoriales, professionnels du tourisme et enseignants-chercheurs de différentes disciplines ». Seront confrontées les recherches et les activités dites de terrain, afin d'apporter des éléments de compréhension à propos de la complexité des phénomènes de violence, et de suggérer des politiques et des stratégies à développer, et ce afin de garantir la sécurité de tous les voyageurs, ici, les touristes, sur le territoire français.

In the mid-1970s, the United States and the Soviet Union decided to export the Cold War to Angola at levels that were unprecedented on the African continent. In the case of the United States, this led to immense support for local allies—the National Liberation Front of Angola and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola—in the form of many tons of heavy weaponry, millions of dollars, and the use of mercenaries and even paramilitary operatives of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. This article explains U.S. actions in Angola from 1974 to 1976 against the backdrop of the Cold War, highlighting the decision-making process in Washington, the international context, the internal context, and the actions of both superpowers.

AbstractAustralian cities were transformed in the 1950s and 1960s by the spread of the automobile and suburbanization. This article examines the patterns of retail diffusion that followed and the resultant adoption of the shopping centre form. Further, it considers the broader implications of retail innovation during a period of urban disruption, revealing intersections between urban geographies, business innovation and retail hierarchies. In the Australian case, dominant firms were able to leverage their market power to adapt to shifting retail geographies and new technologies, while some small entrepreneurial developers catering to the needs of these established retailers laid foundations for national and international expansion. A by-product of these processes was the creation of a unique Australian shopping centre form.

This article refers to a broadly understood issue of freedom usage in culture. It discusses the relationship between the Greeks and Macedonians, concerning the use of the name Macedonia and the image of Alexander the Great in the names, culture and symbols of both countries. The author reviews a problem of deriving benefits for one culture from another's heritage, exemplified by Romania as the heir of the Roman Empire. Some consideration is offered also with regard to legality of such procedures and the reaction of the international opinion. The Author provides specific and undeniable examples of relevant behaviours and approximates possible scenarios of relevant situations in the future with consequences to which such conflicts may lead.

The purpose of this article is to examine the peculiarities of image formation of the European politicians using the examples of the recent electorate campaigns, since the general elections of the heads of states are the most demanding from the point of view of the image and technology and most clearly demonstrate the tough rivalry among the individuals and the struggle of images. The article also focuses on the subsequent terms of government and some historical examples. Special attention is paid to the creation of international image of French President Emmanuel Macron, the peculiarities of his communication policy and his interaction with the media. The article cites the politicians ratings during the term of his presidency.

Ward delimitation is a call that demands interrogation. Issues of ward delimitation and their impact on service delivery are critical. While reminiscing the past, good or bad, the study warns the Municipal Demarcation Board, the authority in charge of demarcation and delimitations of municipal boundaries and wards, to delimit wards without inciting conflicts and violence. Employing multicase studies, the study follows empirical analysis drawing examples from local, regional, and international orientations to arrive at scientific conclusions. The Board must not be seen as a springboard for political embattlement but an instrument similar to institutions demanding accountabilities to deepen democracy. This is possible if the Board ceases from delimiting wards in preparations for local government elections.

AbstractWe conduct a multilevel examination of the relationship between religiosity and democratic citizenship norms and behaviors using International Social Survey Program data. We analyze how democratic engagement varies according to individual and national average religious involvement in 28 predominantly-Christian democracies. We find that (1) individual-level religious attendance is positively linked to both what people say (norms) and what they do (participation); (2) nations with higher aggregate national attendance participate less politically; and (3) the relationship between individual-level religious engagement and citizenship varies by national religious context. More specifically, individual religious attendance matters more where it is more distinctive (i.e., in more secular countries). Individual-level religious participation is generally conducive to citizenship, but its impact is context-dependent.

Este estudio analiza el contacto, las actitudes intergrupales y otras variables psicosociales relacionadas en usuarios de bibliotecas públicas españolas, con objeto de conocer si el cumplimiento por las bibliotecas de las Directrices IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations) para Comunidades Multiculturales favorece el contacto y mejora las actitudes intergrupales. Se seleccionaron usuarios españoles y marroquíes de bibliotecas de Barcelona (que cumplían las Directrices IFLA) y de Almería (que no las cumplían). Los españoles (NBarcelona = 138 y NAlmería = 116) respondieron a un cuestionario sobre marroquíes y éstos (NBarcelona = 89 y NAlmería = 100) sobre españoles. Las actitudes intergrupales y otras variables fueron más positivas en usuarios de Barcelona, pero el contacto intergrupal sólo difería entre españoles y marroquíes.

As Canada faces threats to the global trading system, free trade between provinces within Canada remains elusive. Just as slow progress in multilateral trade negotiations has driven a proliferation of bilateral international trade deals, dissatisfaction with lack of progress federally has compelled Canadian provinces to sign bilateral agreements with other willing provincial partners. However, almost nothing is known about the efficacy of this approach. We use a gravity model to empirically investigate the effect of provincial agreements on interprovincial trade flows in Canada. We find that although most agreements facilitated trade between member provinces, others did not. We also find massive provincial trade barriers have declined by 15 percent over the past two decades in Canada.

Much of the Cold War took place in the Third World. The three works authored by Gregg A. Brazinsky, Winning the Third World: Sino-American Rivalry During the Cold War; Jeffry James Byrne, Mecca of Revolution: Algeria, Decolonization, and the Third World Order; and Jeremy Friedman, Shadow Cold War: The Sino-Soviet Competition for the Third World, are reviewed here and they provide historical details. A consistent theme that emerges is the importance of ideological factors in driving the events are discussed. It is also clear that the Third World states were not passive objects of pressure from great powers but had agendas of their own. These books provide useful material for theorists of international relations and policy makers.

AbstractIslamic finance has been surprisingly undertheorized in the international relations literature. In this paper, I fill this gap by investigating the dynamics of mainstreaming within the Islamic finance regime in global markets. Using the norm diffusion literature, I argue that the development and diffusion of Islamic economics, and the corresponding expertise, have followed three distinct steps. First, Islamic economics initially was a critique of capitalism and world markets; second, it was "nationalized" by the political leaders of major Muslim-majority countries; and third, it became an integral part of world markets. By tracing the development of Islamic finance as part of global politics, I situate it within a theoretical framework and show the wider implications of this economic framework for global politics.

The aim of the article is to present the situation of Poland and Mexico in the years prior to the establishment of bilateral relations. It is reasonable to have a panorama of very particular conditions that determined the existence of these two countries at the beginning of the 1920s. As Poland reappeared on the political map of Europe it encountered significant difficulties in rebuilding its independent existence. These difficulties were both of an international and domestic dimension. The same can be said about Mexico that was entering the new chapter of its history after a bloody revolution that was aimed to change the domestic situation of the country. In this sense, at the beginning of the 1920s both nations can be described as "Nations reborn".

L'Afrique importe l'essentiel de ses produits manufacturés – intermédiaires ou finis – du reste du monde. Après une première phase d'industrialisation inachevée, l'objectif d'accroître les niveaux de transformation industrielle continue de se dérober, surtout dans des chaînes de valeur qui sont caractérisées par des normes exigeantes soumises à des gouvernances contrôlées par les grandes firmes. Pour autant, l'intégration par les chaînes de valeur régionales est de plus en plus considérée par les gouvernements comme par les institutions régionales et internationales comme le moyen privilégié pour parvenir à une industrialisation enfin inclusive et durable. Elle est supposée encourager la modernisation du secteur privé, favoriser la création d'emplois, s'inscrire dans l'économie verte. Mais ce nouveau chemin se heurte encore à de nombreux obstacles.