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"This series started in 1981 with the Erice Seminars when the danger of a nuclear East-West confrontation was menacing the world. The volumes reproduce the crucial steps, from the Nuclear Winter to the Strategic Defense Initiative. After the collapse of the U.S.S.R., new emergencies are now to be faced such as the danger of proliferation of Weapons for Mass Destruction (WMD), the North-South confrontation on ecological problems and the new deal for Science and Technology to help developing countries in their struggle for a better standard of life. The Erice Seminars have attracted the attention of world leaders in Science, Technology and Culture."--Publisher's website

Food security is one of the most complex problems that the world is facing today. This paper discusses the role of international trade in food security and analyzes whether there is a real option to promote or attract land investments, alongside domestic production and international trade for the nations touched by food insecurity. Considering food security as a common purpose for all nations, independently of their level of development or political ideologies, the research concludes that serious cooperation within international agricultural trade negotiations represents the main step towards resolving the most important world challenges such as achieving global food security alongside "Green Growth". International trade is connected with economic development: free trade brings on medium and long term economic growth. Fighting against poverty requires efficient economic policies and, due to the high degree of economic integration reached by the international economy, this is possible only if governments cooperate with each other and with international organizations, avoiding protectionism.

La tesi analizza le modalità di applicazione del diritto internazionale a livello interno, con particolare riguardo al ruolo svolto dalle autorità politiche nazionali.

The present work attempts to provide a more realistic description of international labour migration within a simple core-periphery model à-la Fujita, Krugman and Venables (1999). The choice of this benchmark model is motivated by the key role it plays in the most recent and sophisticated dynamic spatial general equilibrium model, such as the Regional Holistic model (RHOMOLO) model developed by the European Commission (EC) for simulating policy scenario related to the European Union (EU) cohesion policies and for evaluating its implications on the economies of the Member States of the Union. The first part of the work consists in a concise review of the relevant international trade theories and the main international migration theories. In the second part, after a concise description of the simple 2-region core-periphery model developed by Fujita et al. (1999), the migration law à-la Krugman (1991a) is modified to include other drivers, such as political instability and climate change in the less developed country. In the last part, the evolution of the key endogenous variables of the model will be simulated and some policy implications of the model will be discussed. This work shows that, although it has been used the simplest (and less complete) baseline model, the introduction of the sociopolitical and the environmental driver for international migration plays a key role in the dynamic spatial general equilibrium approach.

Introduction / Koenraad Verboven, Olivier Hekster -- Culture politique imperiale et pratique de la justice : regards croises sur la figure du prince "injuste" / Stephane Benoist, Anne Gangloff -- The decreta and imperiales sententiae of Julius Paulus : law and justice in the judicial decisions of Septimius Severus / Elsemieke Daalder -- The value of the stability of the law : a perspective on the role of the emperor in political crises / Francesco Bono -- Legal education, realpolitik, and the propagation of the emperor's justice / Matthijs Wibier -- Koinoi nomoi : Hadrian and the harmonization of local laws / Juan Manuel Cortes-Copete -- Justice, res publica and empire : subsidiarity and hierarchy in the Roman empire / Frederic Hurlet -- Substantive justice in provincial and Roman legal argument / Clifford Ando -- Zwischen Theorie und Wirklichkeit : Romische Sicherheitsgesetze und ihre Realisierung / Peter Herz -- Geschlechterrollen im romischen Erbrecht im Spiegel des zeitgenossischen Gerechtigkeitsverstandnisses und am Beispiel der lex Voconia / Elena Kostner -- La femme : objet et sujet de la justice romaine / Pilar Pavon Torrejon -- The spectacle of justice in the Roman Empire / Margherita Carucci.

Preliminary Material -- PREFACE /M.C.W. Pinto and J.J.G. Syatauw -- INTRODUCTION /LUKAS DE BLOIS , HARRY W. PLEKET and JOHN RICH -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- ROMANS AND MUGHALS ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN A TRIBUTARY EMPIRE /PETER FIBIGER BANG -- THE ROMAN ECONOMY: FROM CITIES TO EMPIRE /WILLEM M. JONGMAN -- TAX TRANSFERS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE /LUUK DE LIGT -- THE IMPACT AND INTERACTION OF STATE TRANSPORT IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE /ANNE KOLB -- MILITARY SUPPLY DURING WARTIME /JOSÉ REMESAL RODRÍGUEZ -- 'A STARVING MOB HAS NO RESPECt' URBAN MARKETS AND FOOD RIOTS IN THE ROMAN WORLD, 100 B.C. – 400 A.D. /PAUL P.M. ERDKAMP -- CALLISTUS'S CASE SOME LEGAL ASPECTS OF ROMAN BUSINESS ACTIVITIES /WILLEM J. ZWALVE -- PROLOGUE AND EPILOGUE. THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECT OF ROME'S ARRIVAL IN AND DEPARTURE FROM GAUL /JOHN F. DRINKWATER -- INDICATEURS PALEOENVIRONNEMENTAUX ET ECONOMIE RURALE LE CAS DE LA GAULE NARBONNAISE /PHILIPPE LEVEAU -- COIN USE IN AND AROUND MILITARY CAMPS ON THE LOWER-RHINE: NIJMEGEN - KOPS PLATEAU /JOS P.A. VAN DER VIN -- THE ECONOMIC FRINGE: THE REACH OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN ROUGH CILICIA /HUGH W. ELTON -- IMPACTS BEYOND EMPIRE: ROME AND THE GARAMANTES OF THE SAHARA /DAVID J. MATTINGLY -- THE CRISIS OF THE THIRD CENTURY A.D. IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE: A MODERN MYTH? /LUKAS DE BLOIS -- COSTO DEL LAVORO E POTERE D'ACQUISTO NELL'EDITTO DEI PREZZI /ANTONIO POLICHETTI -- UNSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; THE ORIGIN OF RUINED LANDSCAPES IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE /WOLFGANG LIEBESCHUETZ -- ECONOMIC COLLAPSE IN THE COUNTRYSIDE AND THE CONSEQUENT TRANSFORMATION OF CITY INTO FORTRESS IN LATE ANTIQUITY /ANDREW G. POULTER.

[Italiano]:Il volume raccoglie i contributi presentati alla conferenza "Stat.Edu'21 -New Perspectives in Statistics Education". La Conferenza è stata ospitata dal Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II (25-26 marzo 2021). La conferenza è stata organizzata come evento finale del progetto ERASMUS+ "ALEAS - Adaptive LEArning in Statistics" (https://aleas-project.eu) che si è svolto dal 2018 al 2021. Il progetto ha avuto l'obiettivo di sviluppare e implementare un sistema di apprendimento adattivo che offra percorsi di apprendimento personalizzati agli studenti, con lo scopo ultimo di aiutare gli studenti a fronteggiare l'ansia statistica. Stat.Edu'21 ha stimolato riflessioni, discussioni e contributi sul tema di ALEAS e sullo sviluppo di sistemi di apprendimento adattivo in ambito universitario come strumenti complementari ai corsi tradizionali e contribuito lo scambio di buone pratiche. Il volume comprende 12 contributi che propongono riflessioni e studi quantitativi in particolare su 3 temi: la valutazione degli effetti dell'ansia o più generalmente lo studio di diverse attitudini nello studio della statistica, strumenti e metodi per la valutazione dei percorsi di insegnamento e le esperienze di apprendimento basate sulla tecnologia. /[English]: The volume collects the papers presented at the Conference "Stat.Edu'21 -New Perspectives in Statistics Education". The Conference was held at the Department of Political Sciences of the University of Naples Federico II (25-26 March 2021). The conference was the final event of the "ALEAS - Adaptive LEArning in Statistics", an ERASMUS+ project (https://aleas-project.eu) developed in the period 2018-2021 to design and implement an Adaptive LEArning system able to offer personalised learning paths to students, with the purpose to provide them remedial advice to deal with the "statistics anxiety". Stat.Edu'21 aimed at stimulating discussions, solicitations and contributions around the central theme of ALEAS, the development of adaptive learning systems in the field of Higher Education as a complementary tool for traditional courses and promote a community of practice in this field. The volume collects 12 papers reporting reflections and quantitative studies covering mainly three topics: the assessment of the effects of anxiety or more generally of a different attitude in the study of Statistics, tools and methods for the assessment of training paths and technology-based learning experiences.

Since the 1990s, Spain has had to face an immigration phenomenon until then unknown. This is the immigration of unaccompanied foreign minors. This newest category of immigrants has specific characteristics compared to displacement of adults. Mainly, they are children who arrive to Spain without the company of their parents or legal guardian. After recognizing this situation, it is interesting to verify the national and international legal treatment granted, considering also the medical tests performed to verify age, resulting in one of the main problems affectingall their legal treatment.

Perché scrivere la storia del Soroptimist International? Ripensare a quanto accaduto aiuta a riconoscere la strada percorsa, i traguardi conquistati; tanto più diventa pressante far conoscere queste vicende ad una generazione che vive un presente senza tempo, che galleggia tra un passato sconosciuto e un futuro fumoso. Le stesse socie a volte non sono del tutto consapevoli dell'ampiezza e della complessità di questo mondo di donne. Questo volume vuole essere la memoria e la bussola delle soroptimiste per gli anni a venire. [Testo dell'editore]

Apesar das diferenças estruturais e regulatórias que caracterizam as organizações internacionais individuais, a doutrina de hoje é unânime em afirmar a capacidade de cada organização de criar seu próprio sistema jurídico interno. A relação de trabalho dentro dessas organizações reproduz claramente muitas das características da relação de trabalho internas a um Estado e, embora haja uma falta de regras internacionais uniformes sobre o emprego, e cada organização internacional tenha absoluta autonomia jurídica e administrativa, é possível identificar certas obrigações e direitos dos funcionários internacionais que se replicam, de forma ampla e homogênea, na maioria das organizações. O artigo analisa resumidamente, em termos gerais, os direitos e deveres dos funcionários nacionais e internacionais, referindo-se aos "Standards of Conducts for the International Civil Service" e examinando os regulamentos internos da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (ILO, na sigla em inglês) e do World Bank (WBG, em inglês) com foco na evolução do dever de confidencialidade, tanto em nível nacional como internacional. Com efeito, apesar da reversão drástica da tendência que tem caracterizado os Estados democráticos, conduzindo a uma reformulação restritiva do sigilo administrativo e do dever de confidencialidade, este dever ainda está muito vivo e continua a desempenhar um papel importante. Não parece, portanto, desarrazoado afirmar que, dada a substancial afinidade entre as disposições regulamentares em matéria de dever de confidencialidade, esta pode ser qualificada como um princípio geral. Por outro lado, o que representa um importante ponto de distinção entre os ordenamentos jurídicos nacionais e internacionais é a lógica que move os diversos legisladores na regulamentação desse dever. ; Despite the structural and regulatory differences that characterize individual international organizations, today's doctrine is unanimous in affirming the ability of each organization to create its own internal legal system. The employment relationship within these organizations clearly replicates many of the features of the employment relationship within a State and, although there is a lack of uniform international rules on employment and each international organization has absolute legal and administrative autonomy, it is nevertheless possible to identify certain obligations and rights of international civil servants which replicate in most organizations, in a broad homogeneous way. The paper briefly analyzes, in general terms, the rights and duties of national and international civil servants referring to the "Standards of Conducts for the International Civil Service" and examining the internal regulations of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Bank Group (WBG) focusing on the evolution of the duty of confidentiality, both on a national and international level. Indeed, despite the drastic reversal of the trend which has characterized democratic States leading to a restrictive reformulation of administrative secrecy and the duty of confidentiality, this duty is still very much alive and continues to play an important role. Therefore, it does not seem unreasonable to claim that, on the one hand, given the substantial affinity between the regulatory provisions on the duty of confidentiality, this can be classified as a general principle. On the other hand, what represents an important point of distinction between national and international legal systems is the logic that moves the different legislators in the regulation of this duty. ; Nonostante le differenze strutturali e normative che caratterizzano le singole organizzazioni internazionali, la dottrina odierna è unanime nell'affermare la capacità di ciascuna di creare un proprio ordinamento giuridico interno. Il rapporto di impiego nell'ambito di tali organizzazioni replica in modo evidente molte caratteristiche tipiche del rapporto di impiego nell'ambito statale e, sebbene manchi una disciplina uniforme dell'impiego internazionale e ciascuna organizzazione internazionale vanti assoluta autonomia giuridica ed amministrativa, è tuttavia possibile individuare alcuni obblighi e diritti dei funzionari presenti, in modo sostanzialmente omogeneo, nella maggior parte delle organizzazioni. Il paper analizza brevemente, in termini generali, i diritti e i doveri dei funzionari nazionali e internazionali, facendo riferimento agli "Standards of Conducts for the International Civil Service" ed esaminando le normative interne dell'Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro (acronimo ILO in inglese) e del World Bank Group (WBG), mettendo in evidenza, in particolare, l'evoluzione che ha caratterizzato il dovere di riservatezza gravante sui dipendenti pubblici, sia a livello nazionale che internazionale. Infatti, a fronte della drastica inversione di tendenza che ha caratterizzato gli ordinamenti degli Stati democratici, il dovere di riservatezza è stato sicuramente riformulato in termini più restrittivi, ma sopravvive e continua a giocare un ruolo importante. Non sembra, perciò, irragionevole affermare che, da un lato, in ragione della sostanziale affinità tra le previsioni normative in tema di dovere di riservatezza, questo possa essere qualificato come un principio generale. Ciò che, invece, rappresenta un importante punto di distinzione tra gli ordinamenti nazionali e internazionali è la ratio che muove i vari legislatori nel disciplinare tale dovere.

[English]:This volume collects the peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 2nd International Conference on "Advances in Statistical Modelling of Ordinal Data" - ASMOD 2018 - held at the Department of Political Sciences of the University of Naples Federico II (24-26 October 2018). The Conference brought together theoretical and applied statisticians to share the latest studies and developments in the field. In addition to the fundamental topic of latent structure analysis and modelling, the contributions in this volume cover a broad range of topics including measuring dissimilarity, clustering, robustness, CUB models, multivariate models, and permutation tests. The Conference featured six distinguished keynote speakers: Alan Agresti (University of Florida, USA), Brian Francis (Lancaster University, UK), Bettina Gruen (Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria), Maria Kateri (RWTH Aachen, Germany), Elvezio Ronchetti (University of Geneva, Switzerland), Gerhard Tutz (Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany). The volume includes 22 contributions from scholars that were accepted as full papers for inclusion in this edited volume after a blind review process of two anonymous referees./ [Italiano]: Il volume raccoglie i contributi presentati alla seconda Conferenza Internazionale "Advances in Statistical Modelling of Ordinal Data" - ASMOD 2018 – che si è svolta presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, nei giorni 24-26 ottobre 2018. La Conferenza ha visto la presentazione di studi sia teorici che applicati al fine di condividere i più recenti sviluppi scientifici nel campo. Oltre al tema fondamentale dell'analisi delle strutture latenti e dei modelli, i contributi richiamano una vasta gamma di argomenti, tra cui misure di dissimilarità, metodi di clustering, analisi di robustezza, modelli CUB, modelli multivariati e test di permutazione. In particolare, questa pubblicazione contiene le relazioni invitate di studiosi riconosciuti a livello internazionale: Alan Agresti (Università della Florida, USA), Brian Francis (Università Lancaster, Regno Unito), Bettina Gruen (Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria), Maria Kateri (RWTH Aachen, Germania), Elvezio Ronchetti (Università di Ginevra, Svizzera), Gerhard Tutz (Università Ludwig-Maximilians di Monaco, Germania). Il volume include, inoltre, 22 contributi di studiosi che sono stati accettati dopo un processo di revisione anonima.

The Gramscian thinking has been increasingly used in the fields of Political Science and International Relations, however, prioritizing its concept of hegemony. In this article, it is proposed both, a more accurate elucidation and a possible transposition of the concept of the historical bloc to the international scenario, having as the main question the following study inquiry: can we transpose the concept of the historical bloc developed by Gramsci for International Relations of the 21st century, taking into account its transnational nature? Methodologically, a deductive, qualitative approach is used, with a literature review based on data collection from secondary sources. It is understood that the notion of the historical bloc coined by Gramsci, followed by the assumptions of critical theorists, helps us to understand the difficulties of the current international relations. The versatility of this concept allows us to endorse a macro view of the many facets of International Relations, whether they are linked to the political, economic, social, and even ideological spheres. Gramsci; Transnational Historical Bloc; International Relations; Hegemony; Critical Theory.

Vermutlich nur knapp zwei Jahre hielt sich Georg Friedrich Händel in Rom auf. Dieser kurzen, jedoch kompositorisch äußerst fruchtbaren Zeit widmen sich die Beiträge des Bandes. Er beleuchtet vor dem Hintergrund der politisch-gesellschaftlichen Umstände die Erfahrung eines Protestanten in seinem Kontakt mit dem Zentrum der römisch-katholischen Kirche und fragt nach unterschiedlichen Einflüssen auf Händels römische Musik, zu denen deutsche ebenso wie in Rom wirkende Komponisten beitrugen. Eine besondere Rolle spielen für Händel wichtige Adlige wie Francesco Maria Ruspoli, Benedetto Pamphilj und Pietro Ottoboni. Hervorgegangen sind die in diesem Buch versammelten Beiträge aus der Internationalen Konferenz "Georg Friedrich Händel in Rom", die 2007 am Deutschen Historischen Institut in Rom anlässlich der dreihundertsten Wiederkehr von Händels Rom-Aufenthalt stattfand. Die Publikation mit musikhistorischem Schwerpunkt ist interdisziplinär ausgerichtet und vereint musikwissenschaftliche, historische, kunsthistorische und theologische Beiträge.