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The legal framework of export subsidies in multilateral trade negotiations is tainted by the original sin of impunity & a differential treatment between subsidies on primary commodities, exports other than primary products. Therefore, although the principle of prohibition is now admitted, the total elimination of these practices deemed as unfair by the WTO Law remains wishful thinking. The proof is that the efforts to dismantle them are without substantial impact on the policies of Member States. Usually, economists commented on the evolution of the process. Yet this article provides a legal perspective on this debate & reveals the criteria underlying the export subsidies prohibition. Adapted from the source document.

This article aims to highlight the importance of the concepts of "system" & "society" in the study of international relations from the debate engaged by the renewal of the research program of the English school. Indeed, the attempt proposed by Barry Buzan, & followed by the "new wave" of the School, shows the ambition of this program which is based on the adequacy of both these concepts. Doing so, the traditional distinction -- theoretical & methodological -- between these two notions is the opportunity to offer a reformulation of the concept of "international society", which is considered, in the wake of the formal sociology of Georg Simmel, as an ideal which leads to a specific methodology for the study of social relations between States. Adapted from the source document.