The paper seeks to identify the main characteristics of act of terror, by analyzing both international laws, and legislation in different countries, including the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania. The paper raises the hypothesis that act of terror as a criminal activity is not sufficiently regulated at both international and at national level, emphasizing that act of terror as criminal activity lacks of unified definition. The paper analyzes the phenomenon of terrorism starting with the historical development of the review of the concepts embodied in the international and national legislation. Searches for the relationship between the concepts of act of terror and terrorism. Overviews the existing international legal instruments to fight terrorism. The paper also focuses on different sets of national legislation on the fight against terrorism and soughts for some regulatory similarities; it also analyzes the concept of act of terror enshrined in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.
The paper seeks to identify the main characteristics of act of terror, by analyzing both international laws, and legislation in different countries, including the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania. The paper raises the hypothesis that act of terror as a criminal activity is not sufficiently regulated at both international and at national level, emphasizing that act of terror as criminal activity lacks of unified definition. The paper analyzes the phenomenon of terrorism starting with the historical development of the review of the concepts embodied in the international and national legislation. Searches for the relationship between the concepts of act of terror and terrorism. Overviews the existing international legal instruments to fight terrorism. The paper also focuses on different sets of national legislation on the fight against terrorism and soughts for some regulatory similarities; it also analyzes the concept of act of terror enshrined in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.
The paper seeks to identify the main characteristics of act of terror, by analyzing both international laws, and legislation in different countries, including the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania. The paper raises the hypothesis that act of terror as a criminal activity is not sufficiently regulated at both international and at national level, emphasizing that act of terror as criminal activity lacks of unified definition. The paper analyzes the phenomenon of terrorism starting with the historical development of the review of the concepts embodied in the international and national legislation. Searches for the relationship between the concepts of act of terror and terrorism. Overviews the existing international legal instruments to fight terrorism. The paper also focuses on different sets of national legislation on the fight against terrorism and soughts for some regulatory similarities; it also analyzes the concept of act of terror enshrined in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.
Final Economic Master's thesis is relevant, because the role of foreign capital for economic development is becoming greater. Inflow of foreign capital can provide the fastest way for developing countries to acquire industrial technology for economic development. Developing countries would be lost many decades to reach that level of excellence in technology, which developed countries had already reached in middle age, if not foreign investment. The Master's objective - is to explore the possibilities and prospects for attracting foreign direct investment in Lithuania, and to make proposals to improve them. Master's paper deals with foreign direct investment in theoretical aspects, discusses the concept of foreign direct investment, forms, strategies, legal framework. Analyzes the impact of foreign direct investment to local economic development, examines the factors affecting foreign direct investment, and the reasons for the favorable investment climate to create. Based on various statistical sources: the Lithuanian Statistics Department, Economic Cooperation and Development Organization, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the World Economic Forum, the World Bank and Lithuanian banks statistics, the dynamics of foreign direct investment in Lithuania was examined and compared with selected European Union countries. Conditions of promotion of foreign investments are discussed, features attractive for investors and causing doubts and concerns when undertaking risks in our country are described, attractiveness and peculiarity of Lithuania among other countries are analyzed. To sum up the investigation, the investment climate in Lithuania is favorable and it is mentioned among the most attractive countries for investments to come, but the volume of foreign investment is relatively small, their dynamics - is not constant. The work hypothesis is confirmed - the conditions and measures to attract foreign investment in Lithuania is objectively worse than in many other European Union countries. The main reasons are bureaucracy, corruption, poor labor relations and their regulation, poor business conditions for initiating and building permit conditions, complex and lengthy land acquisition procedures and documentation. Many countries provide various subsidies for investors, which is lacking in Lithuania. Tax reductions is not enough for foreign investors, knowing how fierce competition, is currently in Europe. Therefore, based on the experience of other countries, Lithuania should finance activities related to foreign direct investment in high value-added manufacturing and high value-added services.
Final Economic Master's thesis is relevant, because the role of foreign capital for economic development is becoming greater. Inflow of foreign capital can provide the fastest way for developing countries to acquire industrial technology for economic development. Developing countries would be lost many decades to reach that level of excellence in technology, which developed countries had already reached in middle age, if not foreign investment. The Master's objective - is to explore the possibilities and prospects for attracting foreign direct investment in Lithuania, and to make proposals to improve them. Master's paper deals with foreign direct investment in theoretical aspects, discusses the concept of foreign direct investment, forms, strategies, legal framework. Analyzes the impact of foreign direct investment to local economic development, examines the factors affecting foreign direct investment, and the reasons for the favorable investment climate to create. Based on various statistical sources: the Lithuanian Statistics Department, Economic Cooperation and Development Organization, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the World Economic Forum, the World Bank and Lithuanian banks statistics, the dynamics of foreign direct investment in Lithuania was examined and compared with selected European Union countries. Conditions of promotion of foreign investments are discussed, features attractive for investors and causing doubts and concerns when undertaking risks in our country are described, attractiveness and peculiarity of Lithuania among other countries are analyzed. To sum up the investigation, the investment climate in Lithuania is favorable and it is mentioned among the most attractive countries for investments to come, but the volume of foreign investment is relatively small, their dynamics - is not constant. The work hypothesis is confirmed - the conditions and measures to attract foreign investment in Lithuania is objectively worse than in many other European Union countries. The main reasons are bureaucracy, corruption, poor labor relations and their regulation, poor business conditions for initiating and building permit conditions, complex and lengthy land acquisition procedures and documentation. Many countries provide various subsidies for investors, which is lacking in Lithuania. Tax reductions is not enough for foreign investors, knowing how fierce competition, is currently in Europe. Therefore, based on the experience of other countries, Lithuania should finance activities related to foreign direct investment in high value-added manufacturing and high value-added services.
This diploma paper analyses impact of international tax competition to Lithuania's public finance sector and economy trough tax revenue level and structure, public expenditures level and structure, public debt and foreign direct investments change trends. This paper introduces main theoretical international tax competition issues, separating two dominant views to this phenomenon. Holistic view proposes negative altitude to tax competition, methodical individualism has positive view to tax competition. In order to achieve main paper's goal hypothesis about international tax competition and tax burden, tax revenue, expenditure structure, public debt, foreign direct investment connection in Lithuania during period of year 1993 – 2008 are held. Research results shows that in case of Lithuania international tax competition had more positive effects than negative.
This diploma paper analyses impact of international tax competition to Lithuania's public finance sector and economy trough tax revenue level and structure, public expenditures level and structure, public debt and foreign direct investments change trends. This paper introduces main theoretical international tax competition issues, separating two dominant views to this phenomenon. Holistic view proposes negative altitude to tax competition, methodical individualism has positive view to tax competition. In order to achieve main paper's goal hypothesis about international tax competition and tax burden, tax revenue, expenditure structure, public debt, foreign direct investment connection in Lithuania during period of year 1993 – 2008 are held. Research results shows that in case of Lithuania international tax competition had more positive effects than negative.
This diploma paper analyses impact of international tax competition to Lithuania's public finance sector and economy trough tax revenue level and structure, public expenditures level and structure, public debt and foreign direct investments change trends. This paper introduces main theoretical international tax competition issues, separating two dominant views to this phenomenon. Holistic view proposes negative altitude to tax competition, methodical individualism has positive view to tax competition. In order to achieve main paper's goal hypothesis about international tax competition and tax burden, tax revenue, expenditure structure, public debt, foreign direct investment connection in Lithuania during period of year 1993 – 2008 are held. Research results shows that in case of Lithuania international tax competition had more positive effects than negative.
Doubts could be excluded if a specialized national judicial institution or an international judicial institution such as the European Court of Justice would deal with cases concerning state liability for the acts of the courts of last instance. Lastly, it is submitted that a state does not infringe upon the principle of nondiscrimination if it implements into national law the principle of state liability for acts infringing EC law and attributable to the courts of last instance and does not provide analogous legal remedy to individuals that intend to defend rights derived from national law.
Doubts could be excluded if a specialized national judicial institution or an international judicial institution such as the European Court of Justice would deal with cases concerning state liability for the acts of the courts of last instance. Lastly, it is submitted that a state does not infringe upon the principle of nondiscrimination if it implements into national law the principle of state liability for acts infringing EC law and attributable to the courts of last instance and does not provide analogous legal remedy to individuals that intend to defend rights derived from national law.
In order the subjects of intellectual property could participate actively in the international trade, and seeking to avoid unfair competence, their rights must be protected. To this purpose international organizations have been established and a number of international conventions have been signed. Customs plays a very important role while protecting the property that participates in the international trade. The topic of the final master's thesis is "Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights". The problem raised in the thesis is the increment in number of violation of intellectual property right. It should be noted that in the presence of depressed economic situation the violators of intellectual property rights started falsifying not only luxury goods. Falsified goods, which enter the market, may make harm to the consumers. However, in the presence of depressed economic situation and when national authorities receive lower financing than usually, there may arise a problem of intellectual property rights protection. The thesis has raised hypothesis: While the activity effectiveness of Lithuanian customs is increasing, having protection the rights of intellectual ownership and strengthening the high against falsification and piracy, the expected economic effect is not achieved. The aim of the thesis is to reveal how effectively and economically the Customs of the Republic of Lithuania protects intellectual property rights. The objectives of the thesis are as follows: to describe the importance of intellectual property in the international trade, to mark the main international organizations and national institutions which are of highest importance while protecting intellectual property rights; to specify the role of trademarks in the international trade; to carry out the analysis of customs protection of intellectual property rights in Lithuania; to analyze the perspectives of customs protection of intellectual property rights. Master's thesis consists of four parts, which are as follows: Intellectual Property in the International Trade; International and National Legislations Regulating the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights; Analysis of Statistical Data relating to Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Lithuania; Future perspectives of Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights.
In order the subjects of intellectual property could participate actively in the international trade, and seeking to avoid unfair competence, their rights must be protected. To this purpose international organizations have been established and a number of international conventions have been signed. Customs plays a very important role while protecting the property that participates in the international trade. The topic of the final master's thesis is "Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights". The problem raised in the thesis is the increment in number of violation of intellectual property right. It should be noted that in the presence of depressed economic situation the violators of intellectual property rights started falsifying not only luxury goods. Falsified goods, which enter the market, may make harm to the consumers. However, in the presence of depressed economic situation and when national authorities receive lower financing than usually, there may arise a problem of intellectual property rights protection. The thesis has raised hypothesis: While the activity effectiveness of Lithuanian customs is increasing, having protection the rights of intellectual ownership and strengthening the high against falsification and piracy, the expected economic effect is not achieved. The aim of the thesis is to reveal how effectively and economically the Customs of the Republic of Lithuania protects intellectual property rights. The objectives of the thesis are as follows: to describe the importance of intellectual property in the international trade, to mark the main international organizations and national institutions which are of highest importance while protecting intellectual property rights; to specify the role of trademarks in the international trade; to carry out the analysis of customs protection of intellectual property rights in Lithuania; to analyze the perspectives of customs protection of intellectual property rights. Master's thesis consists of four parts, which are as follows: Intellectual Property in the International Trade; International and National Legislations Regulating the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights; Analysis of Statistical Data relating to Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Lithuania; Future perspectives of Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights.
The latest local and international conflicts forced to look back to the democratic society's value – freedom of speech. Different conceptions become an axis of the conflict, so the role of media is very important in constructing and presenting it. That's why this work's goal is to research specific international event, Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media, and to define the reactions and opinions which reflect the freedom of speech problematic. At first, the research was concentrated on democratic media conception, freedom of speech and there fundamental changes in modern technology age. Further, looking for the connection between freedom of speech and political caricature genre, it is tried to reflect the controversial connection. At the same time, I try to present the Mohammed's cartoon controversy and reactions of it in foreign media. Last, this international event is analyzed in certain Lithuanian press and internet media, trying to characterize certain attributes from other countries and determine the dominated position in freedom of speech frame. The basic work's object is Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media. The investigation is made by using quantity and quality content analyzes. This type of this method gives the ability to look deeper in certain media tools and there affect to construction of international event, trying to stimulate international discus and compare data in international context. General research conclusions show that Mohammed's cartoon controversy was displayed as neutral, objective foreign news about actions and reactions in Muslim's world and West Europe media. It shows that Lithuanian media observed world's events, objectively reported about them the society, but she same didn't take part actively in the international discus. At the other hand, Lithuanian journalists, experts, public actors differently reacted to the Mohammed's cartoon controversy. Mostly from all media diverged daily "Respublika". It was proud to publish controversy cartoons and support Europe media. It is important to make a note that this event is quite similar to scandal of anti-semitic, homophobic caricatures, which was created by daily "Respublika" in 2004. It seemed that Mohammed's cartoon controversy led this daily to riposte and one more time to show that they were right and, for the others, to blame the daily for abusing freedom of speech. So the positions for and against freedom of speech dived in two similar parts, showing the obvious disagreement inside the Lithuanian country, between press and web, or more concrete between journalists of daily "Respublika" and another.
The latest local and international conflicts forced to look back to the democratic society's value – freedom of speech. Different conceptions become an axis of the conflict, so the role of media is very important in constructing and presenting it. That's why this work's goal is to research specific international event, Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media, and to define the reactions and opinions which reflect the freedom of speech problematic. At first, the research was concentrated on democratic media conception, freedom of speech and there fundamental changes in modern technology age. Further, looking for the connection between freedom of speech and political caricature genre, it is tried to reflect the controversial connection. At the same time, I try to present the Mohammed's cartoon controversy and reactions of it in foreign media. Last, this international event is analyzed in certain Lithuanian press and internet media, trying to characterize certain attributes from other countries and determine the dominated position in freedom of speech frame. The basic work's object is Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media. The investigation is made by using quantity and quality content analyzes. This type of this method gives the ability to look deeper in certain media tools and there affect to construction of international event, trying to stimulate international discus and compare data in international context. General research conclusions show that Mohammed's cartoon controversy was displayed as neutral, objective foreign news about actions and reactions in Muslim's world and West Europe media. It shows that Lithuanian media observed world's events, objectively reported about them the society, but she same didn't take part actively in the international discus. At the other hand, Lithuanian journalists, experts, public actors differently reacted to the Mohammed's cartoon controversy. Mostly from all media diverged daily "Respublika". It was proud to publish controversy cartoons and support Europe media. It is important to make a note that this event is quite similar to scandal of anti-semitic, homophobic caricatures, which was created by daily "Respublika" in 2004. It seemed that Mohammed's cartoon controversy led this daily to riposte and one more time to show that they were right and, for the others, to blame the daily for abusing freedom of speech. So the positions for and against freedom of speech dived in two similar parts, showing the obvious disagreement inside the Lithuanian country, between press and web, or more concrete between journalists of daily "Respublika" and another.
The latest local and international conflicts forced to look back to the democratic society's value – freedom of speech. Different conceptions become an axis of the conflict, so the role of media is very important in constructing and presenting it. That's why this work's goal is to research specific international event, Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media, and to define the reactions and opinions which reflect the freedom of speech problematic. At first, the research was concentrated on democratic media conception, freedom of speech and there fundamental changes in modern technology age. Further, looking for the connection between freedom of speech and political caricature genre, it is tried to reflect the controversial connection. At the same time, I try to present the Mohammed's cartoon controversy and reactions of it in foreign media. Last, this international event is analyzed in certain Lithuanian press and internet media, trying to characterize certain attributes from other countries and determine the dominated position in freedom of speech frame. The basic work's object is Mohammed's cartoon controversy in Lithuanian media. The investigation is made by using quantity and quality content analyzes. This type of this method gives the ability to look deeper in certain media tools and there affect to construction of international event, trying to stimulate international discus and compare data in international context. General research conclusions show that Mohammed's cartoon controversy was displayed as neutral, objective foreign news about actions and reactions in Muslim's world and West Europe media. It shows that Lithuanian media observed world's events, objectively reported about them the society, but she same didn't take part actively in the international discus. At the other hand, Lithuanian journalists, experts, public actors differently reacted to the Mohammed's cartoon controversy. Mostly from all media diverged daily "Respublika". It was proud to publish controversy cartoons and support Europe media. It is important to make a note that this event is quite similar to scandal of anti-semitic, homophobic caricatures, which was created by daily "Respublika" in 2004. It seemed that Mohammed's cartoon controversy led this daily to riposte and one more time to show that they were right and, for the others, to blame the daily for abusing freedom of speech. So the positions for and against freedom of speech dived in two similar parts, showing the obvious disagreement inside the Lithuanian country, between press and web, or more concrete between journalists of daily "Respublika" and another.
