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Abstract This paper aims to reflect about the contradictions of international cooperation for development in Haiti that can be summarized in two perspectives: the North-South cooperation (NSC) and South-South cooperation (SSC). The dynamics of relationships can mix them (N-SSC). We identified governmental and nongovernmental particularly in health, linked to the OECD, the ALBA-TCP and UNASUR as empirical sources for reflection. The OECD privileges the perspective of NSC: commitment of developed nations with undeveloped. It operates mainly through NGOs. The ALBA-TCP and UNASUR have followed the perspective of SSC: commitment and solidarity among nations alike. They emphasize the horizontal partnership based on solidarity, respect for national sovereignty and peculiarities of each country. The resumption of the categories imperialism and internationalism may contribute to the understanding and analysis the contradictions in the international development agenda, illustrated by how these different actor in Haiti organize their actions. While the first one indicates bonding mechanisms geopolitical hierarchy, the latter suggests possibilities for overcoming these mechanisms. Key-words: International cooperation; Haiti; Imperialism; Internationalism; Organizational studies. Resumo Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre contradições da cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento no Haiti, resumidas em duas perspectivas: cooperação Norte-Sul (CNS) e cooperação Sul-Sul (CSS). A dinâmica das relações pode misturá-las (CN-SS). Identificamos atores governamentais e não governamentais, na área da saúde, vinculados à OCDE, à ALBA-TCP e à UNASUL como fontes empíricas para a reflexão. A OCDE se orienta, predominantemente pela CNS, ou seja, pelo compromisso de assistência que os países desenvolvidos oferecem aos subdesenvolvidos. Opera principalmente através de ONGs. Nas ações da ALBA-TCP e da Unasul predominam a perspectiva da CSS: comprometimento solidário entre nações iguais. Enfatizam a parceria horizontal baseada na solidariedade, no respeito à soberania e peculiaridades de cada país. A retomada das categorias imperialismo e internacionalismo contribui para compreensão e análise das contradições na agenda internacional do desenvolvimento, ilustradas pelas formas mediante as quais esses diferentes atores organizam suas ações no Haiti. Enquanto as dos países da OCDE denotam mecanismos geopolíticos hierárquicos, as ações dos países vinculados à ALBA-TCP e da UNASUR sugerem possibilidades de superação desses mecanismos, buscando a cooperação genuína e autodeterminada. Palavras-chave: Cooperação internacional; Haiti; Imperialismo; Internationalismo; Estudos oganizacionais. Resumen En este artículo se reflexiona sobre las contradicciones de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo en Haití, resumidas en dos puntos de vista: cooperación Norte-Sur (CNS) y cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS). La dinámica de las relaciones pueden mezclarlos (CN-SS). Identificamos los actores gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, en la salud, de la OCDE, del ALBA-TCP y UNASUR como fuentes empíricas para la reflexión. La OCDE se orienta principalmente por la CNS, es decir, ofrecen asistencia a los países sudesarrollados. Opera principalmente a través de ONGs; en las acciones del ALBA-TCP y UNASUR predominan la perspectiva de CSS: el compromiso solidario entre naciones iguales. La énfasis és en la colaboración horizontal basada en la solidaridad, el respeto a la soberanía y las peculiaridades de cada país. La reanudación de las categorías imperialismo y internacionalismo contribuye a la comprensión y el análisis de las contradicciones en la agenda de desarrollo internacional, ilustrada por las formas en que los diferentes actores organizan sus acciones en Haití. Mientras que los países de la OCDE indican mecanismos geopolíticos jerárquicas, las acciones de los países vinculados al ALBA- TCP y UNASUR sugieren posibilidades para la superación de estos mecanismos, buscando la cooperación genuina y autodeterminada. Palabras-clave: Cooperación internacional; Haití, Imperialismo; Internationalismo; Estudios oganizacionales.

Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Guiné-Bissau: Pedido De Desembolso Ao Abrigo Do Instrumento De Crédito Rápido -- Sumário -- CAIXAS -- FIGURAS -- QUADROS -- APÊNDICES -- Siglas e Acrónimos -- ANTECEDENTES, DESENVOLVIMENTOS ECONÓMICOS RECENTES, PERSPECTIVAS E RISCOS -- A. Contexto -- B. Desenvolvimentos económicos recentes -- C. PERSPEcTIVAS -- RESTAURAR A ESTABILIDADE MACROECONÓMICA -- A. Restabelecimento da disciplina fiscal e normalização das operações governamentais -- B. Retoma de reformas estruturais fiscais -- 1. Principais Indicadores Económicos, 2011-16 -- 2a. Operações do Governo Central, 2011-16 (mil milhões de FCFA) -- 2b. Operações do Governo Central, 2011-16 (percentagem do PIB) -- 1. Reforma da Administração Fiscal na Guiné-Bissau -- 2. Fortalecimento da Gestão das Finanças Públicas (GFP) na Guiné-Bissau -- C. Reformas estruturais para criar condições para um crescimento económico sustentável -- 3. O FUNPI: Conceção, Implementação e Impacto -- PEDIDO DE DESEMBOLSO AO ABRIGO DA LINHA DE CRÉDITO RÁPIDO -- 3. Síntese Monetária, 2011-16 -- 4. Balanço de Pagamentos, 2011-16 -- 5. Indicadores da Capacidade de Reembolso ao FMI, 2014-24 -- AVALIAÇÃO DO CORPO TÉCNICO -- 1. Desenvolvimentos Económicos, 2009-14 -- 2. Outros Desenvolvimentos Económicos, 2009-14 -- 3. PERSPEcTIVAS a Médio Prazo, 2012-17 -- I. Estabilidade Financeira e Desenvolvimento na Guiné-Bissau -- II. Carta de Intenções -- Anexo I-Memorando de Políticas Económicas e Financeiras -- Anexo II-Memorando Técnico de Entendimento -- Sumário -- Guiné-Bissau: Pedido De Desembolso Ao Abrigo Do Instrumento De Crédito Rñpido-anexo Informativo -- RELAÇÕES COM O FMI -- RELAÇÕES COM O GRUPO BANCO MUNDIAL -- RELAÇÕES COM O GRUPO DO BANCO AFRICANO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO -- QUESTÕES ESTATÍSTICAS.

This work analyzes the Agenda 2030 in its main potentiality to lead public policies and private actions towards a more sustainable path. At the same time it acknowledges its dependency on measurements and finance mechanisms for the Sustainable Development Goals implementation. The main argument is that public expectations face difficulties to be translated in public actions, due to, among other factors, the lack of measurement and finance mechanisms. With this purpose it starts describing what is the Agenda 2030, and how this United Nations lead international declaration is structured to be monitored and implemented by States and others multi stakeholders. Secondly it analyses the importance of the measurements to address critical social environmental challenges and to allow comparison between the achievements of each member state. Third it remarks the role-played by international financial institutions, by international investment and by the private sector in general. Forth, the article highlights the drawbacks the methodology of goals can represent when used to overcome collective challenges marked by moral issues and diffuse impacts, being highly dependent on measurements and finance tools. The methodology chosen was the descriptive and normative, the techniques used were documentary, legislative and bibliographic research.

A boa nutrição é o sustentáculo do bem-estar humano. Boa nutrição antes do nascimento e ao longo da infância permite que o cérebro funcione e evolua sem problemas e que os sistemas imunológicos se desenvolvam com mais vigor. Para as crianças pequenas, um nível de boa nutrição afasta a morte e prepara o corpo para crescer e desenvolver todo o seu potencial. No decorrer da vida humana, a boa nutrição leva a melhor aproveitamento escolar, mães mais bem alimentadas que dão à luz crianças mais bem nutridas, e adultos que tem maior probabilidade de serem produtivos e receber salários melhores. Durante a meia-idade, a boa nutrição origina metabolismos melhor preparados para proteger contra doenças associadas a mudanças na dieta e atividade física. Sem uma boa nutrição as vidas e meios de vida das pessoas são como que construídos em areia movediça. ; Supplementary Online Materials ix Acknowledgments x Abbreviations xii Executive summary xiii Chapter 1 ntroduction 2 Chapter 2 Nutrition Is Central to Sustainable Development 7 Chapter 3 Progress toward the World Health Assembly Nutrition Targets Is Too Slow1 5 Chapter 4 The Coexistence of Different Forms of Malnutrition Is the "New Normal" 22 Chapter 5 The Coverage of Nutrition-Specific Interventions Needs to Improve 29 Chapter 6 Interventions Addressing the Underlying Determinants of Nutrition Status Are Important, but They Need to Be More Nutrition sensitive 38 Chapter 7 The Enabling Environment Is Improving, but Not Quickly Enough 47 Chapter 8 The Need to Strengthen Accountability in Nutrition 56 Chapter 9 What Are the Priorities for Investment in Improved Nutrition Data? 67 Chapter 10 Key Messages and Recommendations 71 Appendix 1 The Nutrition Country Profile: A Tool for Action 75 Appendix 2 Which Countries Are on Course to Meet Several WHA Targets? 77 Appendix 3 Which Countries Are on Course for Which WHA Targets? 79 Appendix 4 Donor Spending on Nutrition-Specific and Nutrition-Sensitive Interventions and Programs 84 Appendix 5 How Accountable Is the Global Nutrition Report? 86 Appendix 6 Availability of Data for Nutrition Country Profile Indicators 88 Notes 91 References 95 PANELS Panel 11 Types of Nutrition Investment, Lawrence Haddad 4 Panel 21 Nutrition and the Sustainable Development Goals—No Room for Complacency, Michael Anderson 11 Panel 22 Some New Data from India: What If?, Lawrence Haddad, Komal Bhatia, and Kamilla Eriksen 12 Panel 23 How Did Maharashtra Cut Child Stunting?, Lawrence Haddad 13 Panel 24 Can Improving the Underlying Determinants of Nutrition Help Meet the WHA Targets?, Lisa Smith and Lawrence Haddad 14 Panel 41 Malnutrition in the United States and United Kingdom, Jessica Fanzo 25 Panel 42 Regional Drivers of Malnutrition in Indonesia, Endang Achadi with acknowledgment to Sudarno Sumarto and Taufik Hidayat 26 Panel 43 Compiling District-Level Nutrition Data in India, Purnima Menon and Shruthi Cyriac 27 Panel 44 Targeting Minority Groups at Risk in the United States, Jennifer Requejo and Joel Gittelsohn 28 Panel 51 Measuring Coverage of Programs to Treat Severe Acute Malnutrition, Jose Luis Alvarez 37 Panel 61 Trends in Dietary Quality among Adults in the United States, Daniel Wang and Walter Willett 41 Panel 62 How Did Bangladesh Reduce Stunting So Rapidly?, Derek Headey 43 Panel 63 Using an Agricultural Platform in Burkina Faso to Improve Nutrition during the First 1,000 Days, Deanna Kelly Olney, Andrew Dillon, Abdoulaye Pedehombga, Marcellin Ouédraogo, and Marie Ruel 45 Panel 71 Is There a Better Way to Track Nutrition Spending? 48 Panel 72 Tracking Financial Allocations to Nutrition: Guatemala's Experience, Jesús Bulux, Otto Velasquez, Cecibel Juárez, Carla Guillén, and Fernando Arriola 49 Panel 73 A Tool for Assessing Government Progress on Creating Healthy Food Environments, Boyd Swinburn 51 Panel 74 Engaging Food and Beverage Companies through the Access to Nutrition Index, Inge Kauer 52 Panel 75 How Brazil Cut Child Stunting and Improved Breastfeeding Practices, Jennifer Requejo 54 Panel 81 Scaling Up Nutrition through Business, Jonathan Tench 61 Panel 82 How Civil Society Organizations Build Commitment to Nutrition, Claire Blanchard 62 Panel 83 Building Civil Society's Capacity to Push for Policies on Obesity and Noncommunicable Diseases, Corinna Hawkes 63 Panel 84 Can Community Monitoring Enhance Accountability for Nutrition?, Nick Nisbett and Dolf te Lintelo 64 Panel 85 National Evaluation Platforms: Potential for Nutrition, Jennifer Bryce and colleagues 65 Panel 86 The State of African Nutrition Data for Accountability and Learning, Carl Lachat, Joyce Kinabo, Eunice Nago, Annamarie Kruger, and Patrick Kolsteren 66 ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; DGO; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Discours sur le bilan de la Route de l'esclave / Ali Moussa Iye -- Esclavage et réconciliation : les historiens de la Caraïbe ont-ils échoué? / Dominique Rogers -- Mémoire, oubli, commémoration / Ary Broussillon -- Réconcilier histoire et mémoire du droit de l'esclavage colonial français (en particulier du Code Noir), par le retour aux sources / Jean-François Niort -- Sources orales, matérielles (monuments) et reconstitution historique de l'esclavage et du marronnage (Surinam, Guyane et Antilles françaises) : enjeux mémoriels et historiques / Jean Moomou -- Sources de l'histoire et de la mémoire de l'esclavage aux Archives départmentales de la Guadeloupe / Anne Lebel -- L'apport de l'archéologie à la connaissance de l'histoire de l'esclavage, l'exemple de la Guadeloupe / Tristan Yvon -- Indigoterie de l'Anse à la Barque, un lieu de mémoire de l'esclavage : comment le mettre architecturalement en valeur, pour qui et avec quel message? / Hélène de Kergariou et Tristan Yvon -- Les cimetières d'esclaves en Guadeloupe / Thomas Romon, Jérôme Rouquet, Patrice Courtaud -- Le quartier des esclaves des habitations Barbotteau-Rodrigues (La Piéta) à Port-Louis (Guadeloupe) : données de la fouille archéologique préventive et questions patrimoniales / Nathalie Serrand -- Le Comité national pour la mémoire et l'histoire de l'esclavage : palimpseste de la mémoire et nouvelles orientations citoyennes / Myriam Cottias -- Les Anneaux de la Mémoire entre la Loire, l'Afrique et les Caraïbes / Yvon Chotard et Patricia Beauchamp Afadé -- La route des abolitions de l'esclavage / Philippe Pichot -- Abolition et abolitionnistes de l'esclavage : analyse critique et perspective patrimoniale / Nelly Schmidt -- Esclavage et première colonisation dans le paysage parisien d'aujourd'hui / Marcel Dorigny -- Le Musée international de l'esclavage (IMS) à Liverpool : entre engagement et politique culturelle de l'émotion / Fabienne Viala -- Slavery, slave trade, and remembrance : toward a global museum / Harvey Bakari -- Participacion comunitaria en gestión de sitio de memoria de la esclavitud en Zaña-Perú. (Itinerario de los esclavizados de la antigua Provincia de Zaña) / Luis Rocca Torres -- Authority vs authenticity : reconciling Caribbean history and memory in the Slave Route context / Alissandra Cummins -- Routes d'hommes et de femmes soumis à l'esclavage et de leurs descendants au Brésil : lieux de mémoire et éducation des relations ethniques et raciales / Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e Silva -- A experiência Chitiá Tours e Rota da Liberdade, Colombia e Brasil, agências de viagens e sítios memoriales / Solange Barbosa -- Les témoins matériels et immatériels des pistes caravanières au Congo Brazzaville / Samuel Kidiba -- Le projet "La Route de l'esclave : traces-mémoires en Guadeloupe" / Matthieu Dussauge -- La mémoire non-dite, l'histoire racontée en Guadeloupe (1948-2014) / Diana Rey-Hulman -- The UNESCO "Slave Route Project" : moving ahead : the St. Kitts-Nevis experience / Michael S. Blake-Esdaille -- El Caribe insular y los sitios de memoria del Proyecto UNESCO "La Ruta del Esclavo: resistencia, libertad y patrimonio" / Jesús Guanche Pérez -- Bilan des activités de la Route de l'esclave en Haïti / Laënnec Hurbon -- L'histoire racontée au Musée Ogier-Fombrun : mise en valeur de l'histoire d'Haïti et sa contribution au monde / Mireille Fombrun -- La contribution de la Direction des affaires culturelles à la transmission des savoirs à travers l'action culturelle et les actions d'éducation artistique et culturelle / Elie Toussaint -- Enseigner le patrimoine de l'esclavage par la pédagogie de projets / Christelle Popotte et Karine Sitcharn -- "Que vous ont-ils fait pour que vous les laissiez dans un tel état de dénuement" / Jean-Luc Romana -- Le village international du ka, des tambours et arts du sud : du mémoriel à l'économique / Jacqueline Jacqueray -- La construction de sites mémoriels avec les noms des esclaves, en France Hexagonale, en Guadeloupe et en Afrique : l'expérience du CM98 / Emmanuel Gordien

In the present study, the objective was to analyze the production and the publications profile of the theme: e-services tools referring to eGovernment in the Scopus database, for the period as from 2001 through 2015. The electronic government includes tools for the government's relationship with society, citizens, other governments and businesses. The focus of these articles includes e-services and e-Government activities for the businesses. It was used descriptive research, conducted through literature review, with bibliometric approach and quantitative analysis, with sample collected in the Scopus database. It was found that the number of works in this period was 299, of which 45 papers published in events in 2010 and 16 articles published in journals in 2013. The core point of the articles with the highest citation is related to the deployment and the users' awareness on tools established by countries. ; Neste estudo, o objetivo foi analisar a produção e o perfil das publicações do tema ferramentas de e-Serviços referente a governo eletrônico na base de dados Scopus, no período de 2001 a 2015. O governo eletrônico compreende ferramentas para relação do governo com a sociedade, cidadãos, outros governos e negócio. O foco desses artigos compreende e-serviços e atividades de governo eletrônico para os negócios. Foi utilizada pesquisa descritiva, conduzida por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, com abordagem bibliométrica e análise quantitativa, com amostra coletada na base de dados Scopus. Concluiu-se que o número de trabalhos nesse período foi de 299, sendo 45 trabalhos publicados em eventos em 2010 e 16 artigos publicados em revistas em 2013. O ponto central dos artigos com maior citação está relacionado à implantação e à percepção de usuários de ferramentas implantadas por países.

The objective of this article is to analyze the strategic partnership between Brazil and Uruguay in the years 2003-2014 from the perspective of Brazilian international insertion. In order to do this three main aspects are considered: the limits and potentials of Brazil as a regional power, the context of South American regional politics and the strategy of the government of Lula da Silva and Rousseff administrations regarding these issues. The article is guided by a multi-scale approach, also focusing on some domestic and external dynamics of Brazilian foreign policy. It is noted that the above-mentioned strategic partnership acquired great relevance to the Brazilian proposal of integration, as well as to its national development goals, giving field to considerable advances in both ventures, since it is compatible with the idea of international insertion of Brazil and with its structural limitations. ; Peer reviewed

Access to potable water is absolutely essential to the maintenance of life, as well as to provide regular exercise of other human rights. The lack of access to water in sufficient quantity or access to non-potable water may cause serious and irreparable damage to people. This paper investigates the evolution of international and national recognition of this fundamental human right, whether implicit or explicit. This was accomplished by the study of international human rights treaties, bibliographic information on water resources and their corresponding legal systems, national and international. The results suggest that sustainable access to drinking water is a fundamental human right in the context of international relations and the State. Further, even without explicitly stating this right in the Constitution of 1988, Brazil has incorporated the main international provisions on the subject, but this right must be acknowledged according to the principles of non-typical fundamental rights and the dignity of the human person. This right should be universally guaranteed by the Government in sufficient quantity and quality, regardless of the economic resources of individuals. ; Access to potable water is absolutely essential to the maintenance of life, as well as to provide regular exercise of other human rights. The lack of access to water in sufficient quantity or access to non-potable water may cause serious and irreparable damage to people. This paper investigates the evolution of international and national recognition of this fundamental human right, whether implicit or explicit. This was accomplished by the study of international human rights treaties, bibliographic information on water resources and their corresponding legal systems, national and international. The results suggest that sustainable access to drinking water is a fundamental human right in the context of international relations and the State. Further, even without explicitly stating this right in the Constitution of 1988, Brazil has incorporated the main international provisions on the subject, but this right must be acknowledged according to the principles of non-typical fundamental rights and the dignity of the human person. This right should be universally guaranteed by the Government in sufficient quantity and quality, regardless of the economic resources of individuals. ; O acesso à água potável é absolutamente fundamental para a manutenção da vida, além de propiciar o regular exercício dos demais direitos humanos. A falta de acesso à água em quantidade suficiente ou o acesso à água não potável causam sérios e irremediáveis danos às pessoas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo geral investigar a evolução internacional e nacional no reconhecimento desse direito humano fundamental, sejam previsões implícitas ou explícitas sobre o assunto. O método utilizado foi o acesso aos tratados internacionais sobre direitos humanos, acervo bibliográfico a respeito dos recursos hídricos e seu ordenamento jurídico correspondente, internacional e nacional. Como principais resultados encontrados podem-se destacar que o acesso sustentável à água potável é um direito humano fundamental no âmbito das relações internacionais e no Estado brasileiro; que o Brasil incorporou as principais disposições internacionais a respeito do tema, porém sem fazer constar explicitamente na Magna Carta de 1988 o acesso à água potável como direito humano fundamental, mesmo assim deve ser reconhecido diante dos princípios da não tipicidade dos direitos fundamentais e da dignidade da pessoa humana; que esse direito deve ser garantido pelo poder público em quantidade suficiente e qualidade adequada de modo universal e sem que questões econômicas sejam obstáculos à sua efetivação.