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Work satisfaction in international comparison with special emphasis on the EU member states
In: Társadalomkutatás, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 24-50
ISSN: 1588-2918
The European Diplomatic Corps: Diplomats and International Cooperation from Westphalia to Maastricht
In: Internasjonal politikk, Band 65, Heft 3, S. 143-156
ISSN: 0020-577X
Ten Years of International Shipping on the Northern Sea Route: Trends and Challenges
In: Arctic review on law and politics, Band 12, S. 4-30
ISSN: 2387-4562
Analysis of detailed statistics shows remarkable fluctuations in the volume and composition of voyages on the Northern Sea Route (NSR) along the northern coast of Russia since international use began in 2010. There has been strong growth in destination shipping between the Arctic and ports outside the region, but transit shipping between the Pacific and the Atlantic has not experienced the growth many had anticipated. Explanations are found in international market conditions as well as in the management of the NSR, with important lessons for the future development of different shipping segments. Shipping companies from several countries took part in the period up to 2019, but they seem to have become less central in the current phase of NSR shipping, which is dominated by the transport of hydrocarbons out of the Arctic. Russia expects international transit to pick up later. However, Russia alone cannot determine the volume of international traffic: it is the international shipping industry that will assess the balance of factors and conditions, and conclude if and when the shorter Arctic routes are safe, efficient, reliable, environmentally sound and economically viable in comparison with other routes.
Civil Society for Sustainability: Experiences of an International Action Research Project – Part 2
In: Társadalomkutatás, Band 29, Heft 2, S. 269-278
ISSN: 1588-2918
The Trouble with the Congo: Local Violence and the Failure of International Peacebuilding
In: Internasjonal politikk, Band 69, Heft 4, S. 724-726
ISSN: 0020-577X
International Regulations and Guidelines on Transboundary Salmon Stocks: Case Study of the Tana River
In: Arctic review on law and politics, Band 11, S. 157-188
ISSN: 2387-4562
The year 2019 was "the international year of the salmon" (IYS). The overarching aim was "to inform and stimulate outreach and research that aspires to establish the conditions necessary to ensure the resilience of salmon and people throughout the Northern Hemisphere;" further, to bring people together, share and develop knowledge, raise awareness and take action. This article is intended as a contribution to this goal. The article discusses how international law: the Law of the Sea Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in the North Atlantic Ocean relate to conservation and management of wild salmon. The article has a special focus on bilateral cooperation on salmon stocks in boundary/transboundary rivers, and using as a case study the Tana river in Norway and Finland.