Suchergebnisse

The 2007 Indonesian investment law granted national treatment for foreign investors, establishing a transparent 'negative list' for out-of-bonds investment sectors, and has been considired as a reformative regulation in Indonesia's economic strategy. However, decentralized systems give autonomy to local governments to manage their projects and infrastructure themselves. This leads into increasiig investment burdens through their opaque measures that are creating perceptions of risk for foreign investors. As a result, lack of legal certainty, inconsistent regulations and judiciary system would hamter investments. This article argues that law 25/2007 should be supported by a comprehensive investment policy to attract more foreign investors into Indonesia. A key element in establishing a competitive region is a free and open investment regime, This article addresses policy impediment to private investment in Indonesia as well as in the ASEAN region. Indonesia and ASEAN should have non-discriminatory treatment extended to foreign investors including ASEAN-based inveitors, as the establishment of ASEAN Economic community (AEC) will cornmence in 2015. Legal certainty of international business transaction by private investors is fostering investments by both direct investment and indirect investment (portfolio). Parties to investment agreements include individuals, small, medium and large multinational corporations, and countries. In this centralized global atmosphere, the Indonesian agovemment has to provide guarantees to leverage private investments.

In Indonesia, the level of compliance with mandatory disclosure in the State-Owned Enterprises still low. The low level of compliance of mandatory disclosure convergence of IFRS would indicate a lack of application of the principles of corporate governance in State-Owned Enterprises in Indonesia. Thus this study aims to examine how the role of corporate governance on the level of compliance with mandatory disclosure convergence of IFRS on State-Owned Enterprises in Indonesia. Measuring the level of convergence of IFRS mandatory disclosure compliance in this study using the Deloitte IFRS Presentation and Disclosure Checklist. By using purposive sampling technique, the sample used 6 that State-Owned Enterprises listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008-2012. The average level of mandatory disclosure compliance at 70,6%. The results indicate that the number of commissioners and the number of audit committee members have effect on the level of compliance with mandatory disclosure of IFRS convergence, while the proportion of independent commissioner, education background of president commissioner and the proportion of women commissioners are not effect on the level of compliance with mandatory disclosure convergence of IFRS.Key words: Corporate Governance, the Level of Compliance, Mandatory Disclosure, Convergence of International Reporting Standards, Board Commissioner, Audit Committee

Tourism is one sector that has helped support the Indonesian economy. Effort have been made to improve the quality of tourism in Indonesia, and to specific areas of the country. Practically all major Indonesian cities have their own branding strategies to increase the city's appeal and attractiveness (Parkerson and Saunders, 2004). The growth of specific intend tourism object such as golf, rafting and also MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conference and Exhibition) which show some proofs to get foreign and domestic tourists attention to come to East Java and Surabaya as well. Globalization led to a growing number of tourists worldwide, there are an increasing number of tourists coming to Indonesia, spesifically to the city of Surabaya. In the year of 2008 there are 48,417 tourists coming to Surabaya. And in the year of 2009 that number increased to 136,539 tourists, 116,829 tourists in 2010 and 83,247 in 2011. Of all those numbers, most of them coming to Surabaya for their MICE activities. In 2008, about 63% of them coming to Surabaya to do their MICE activities. That percentage increased to 82% in 2009, 84% in 2010 then in 2011 increased to 85%. Indonesian government has set up 10 MICE destination cities, which one of them is the city of Surabaya. Looking at this big potential growth of MICE industry, it is important to improve the element of hospitality in Surabaya in supporting the growth of MICE industry, both for domestic and international tourists. This research has a purpose to describe through analyzing the preparation of Surabaya which has "Sparkling Surabaya" as its city branding. In advance, as the conclusion, it will be discussed about the obstacles and the solutions of marketing strategy to enhance the city branding of Surabaya.

Global warming has seized the world's attention will be growing even larger in the future considering the consequences of it. UNO, through environmental program UNEP (United Nations Environment Progranune) and the World Meteorological Organization (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) formed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988 to examine and analyze issues emerging science. Since 1990, every five or six years the IPCC has issued reports related to science through observation and prediction to determine the trend in the future. The conclusions that can be described are one of the strategic ways to protect the atmosphere is to control the use of natural resources. Increasing number of both large and medium industries in order to meet consumer needs for industrial products is contributing to increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions from industrial processes. To meet international standards for the environment, using the GHG Emission Standard, Indonesian follows the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) guidelines. In applying these standards in the steel, chemical , aluminum and cement in Indonesia has two options: firstly, replacing old technology with new technology that GHG emissions is small, the second, modifies or adds equipment that reduce GHG emissions. This type of cooperation corresponding to the four types of industries (chemical, steel, cement and aluminum) are complementary models, simultaneous agreement model can be complete each other. Furthermore, various agreements between countries can be done through a variety of mechanisms. In addition, we need to realize the importance of industrial processes and ' clean production ', as this can increase the efficiency of use of raw materials, energy, prevent or replace the use of hazardous materials and toxic, reducing the amount and toxicity levels of all emissions and wastes before leaving the process. Clean production was essentially aimed at reducing the environmental impact throughout the product life cycle, from raw material collection to final disposal after the product was not used. Finally, community participation, industrialists, and government jointly required because it is the most effective measure in mitigating the effects of greenhouse gases.