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World Affairs Online
In: Revista brasileira de politica internacional, Band 52, Heft 1, S. 187-188
ISSN: 0034-7329
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 24, S. 171-174
ISSN: 1645-9199
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 7, S. 208
ISSN: 1645-9199
In: Contexto internacional: revista semestral do Instituto de Relações Internacionais, IRI, Pontíficia Universidade Católica, PUC, Band 24, Heft 1, S. 199-210
ISSN: 0102-8529
In: Col·lecció oberta 28
In: Contexto internacional: revista semestral do Instituto de Relações Internacionais, IRI, Pontíficia Universidade Católica, PUC, Band 23, Heft 1, S. 197-203
ISSN: 0102-8529
Thucydides is considered to be the founder of political realism. Even in those times he determined the basic premises of realism - security and survival. He made an impact on subsequent development of realism embodied in the works of Machiavelli, Hobbes, Morgenthau, Car, Niebuhr, Aaron, Waltz etc. They will call the system of international relations as anarchical one since there is no supreme arbitrator which will force states to adequate behaviour. His views of realism were given in the volume 'The Peloponnesian War' where he had determined the anarchy of the relationships among states. Such system did not rely on justice and morale, but force and power were the predominant facts. He also introduces the category of just wars by claiming that Sparta led a just war against the increased power of Athens, and observed morale principles. Nevertheless, Thucydides faces contradictory, since Sparta itself as the largest land force of that time had to use force in order to beat Athens. He went ahead since he considered force and power as a necessary condition to achieve other objectives, which was later on adopted by Raymond Aaron. Following the example of the war between Athens and Sparta, he successfully analysed bipolar system of balance of power in which the conflict between the leading members of the two opposite blocks was possible in the end, while beforehand there should have been conflicts among weaker members of both blocks. Thucydides explained the manifestation of force and power using example of the Melian dialogue between the envoys of Athens and Melos. It was about the pure politics of force of Athens regardless of the fact that Melos had its independence.
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In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 21, S. 213
ISSN: 1645-9199
In: Relações internacionais: R:I, Heft 21, S. 214-215
ISSN: 1645-9199