Suchergebnisse

Раздел I «Актуальные проблемы международного публичного права» ; Настоящая статья посвящена вопросам демократии в современной западной международно-правовой доктрине. В первой части статьи предлагается обзор международно-правовых теорий демократии, вторая часть посвящена взглядам на роль международного гражданского общества в решении проблемы демократического дефицита на международном уровне, в третьей части освещены исследования международного правления. = Present article analyzes the issues of democracy in contemporary Western international law doctrine. Firstly the theories of democracy in international law are discussed, than presented are views on the role of international civil society in the elimination of the democratic deficit at the international level and finally international governance studies are briefed.

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country

The aim of this paper is to show the possibility of crafting a new theoretical model of international migration that would enable researchers to take into account the political settings of the early 21st century. In order to do so, the author firstly critically examines the mainstream theories of migration that dominate today's academic literature. As a result of this analysis, it is concluded that, despite of the fact that many of the proposed theoretical approaches are quite useful for understanding certain aspects of the migration process, when it comes to the task of analyzing international migration as a whole, no conceptual model exists. The paper demonstrates that apart from the theories that are focusing on only one of migration's dimensions, albeit the most significant from a particular disciplinary perspective, the introduction of a general model is a necessary step to reach a better understanding of the nature of contemporary migration processes. The author argues that such a model can be constructed using the theory of structural violence proposed by Johan Galtung and the concepts of human development and human security.

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; В статье проанализировано влияние идей национализма на содержание и характер международных отношений в прошлом и настоящем. Автор подчеркивает, что в условиях глобализации не исчезают проявления национального самосознания. Наоборот, в разных регионах планеты, включая территорию бывшего СССР, проявляется стремление к поиску национальной идентичности в крайней форме, что может привести к фашизации политических систем в отдельных странах. Такие тенденции подрывают основы международной безопасности, поскольку в перспективе в мире могут появиться десятки новых государственных образований. К сожалению, современные международные институты не уделяют данной проблеме внимания, и процесс носит в основном стихийный характер. = The article analyzes the influence of nationalistic ideas on the content and character of international relations in the past and at present. The author emphasizes that the manifestations of national identity do not disappear under globalization. To the contrary, various regions of the planet including the former USSR territory, demonstrate intense search for national identity in extreme forms which can lead to political systems becoming fascist in some countries. Such trends undermine the basis of international security since they may result eventually in emergence of scores of new states. Unfortunately, contemporary institutions do not pay sufficient attention to these problems, so the process bears a spontaneous character.

Günümüzün uluslararası aktörlerine düşen görev, karşılaştıkları uyuşmazlıkları her bakımdan daha insani olan barışçı yollar ile çözme yoluna gitmektir. Bu çözüm yolları içerisinde en dikkat çekici ve sonuca yatkın olan ise arabuluculuk yöntemidir. İnsanlık tarihi ile paralel bir şekilde gelişme gösteren arabuluculuk, neredeyse tüm uygarlıklarda tercih edilen bir yöntem olmuştur. Arabuluculuk uyuşmazlık halindeki iki devletin, üçüncü bir uluslararası hukuk kişisi tarafından bir araya getirilmesi ve barış için çözüm üretilmesi sürecidir. Bu sürecin başarılı bir şekilde sonuçlanmasında arabulucunun tarafsızlığı, statüsü ve taraflar üzerindeki baskı gücü önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Arabulucu konumundaki üçüncü kişi, bir devlet olabileceği gibi, uluslararası bir örgüt veya gerçek kişi de olabilmektedir. Arabuluculuğun en önemli özelliklerinden biri, arabulucunun tarafları bağlayıcı nitelikte bir karar verme yetkisinin bulunmamasıdır. Bu bakımdan arabulucu, sadece uyuşmazlık halindeki tarafları bir araya getirmekte ve çözüm önerileri sunmaktadır. Arabuluculuk yönteminin zamandan tasarruf sağlaması, arabuluculuk yapan kişilerin alanında uzman olması, yargı organlarının yükünü azaltması ve gizliliğin daha kolay korunabilmesi gibi nedenler ile diğer barışçı çözüm yollarına göre daha çok tercih edildiği görülmektedir. ; The duty of today's international actors is, to settlement the international disputes they faced in peaceful ways which are more humane than all respects. Within these peacfeul ways, most remarkable and liable to result is mediation. As developing parallel with the history of humanity, mediation has been a preffered method in almost all civilizations. Mediation is a process of bringing together and finding solutions to the conflict parties by a third party person. To have a successful conclusion in this process, the impartiality, the status and the leverage of the mediator plays an important role. The third party person as a mediator, may be a state and may also be an international organization or natural person. One of the most important characteristics of mediation is the mediator can not give a decision that is binding on parties. In this regard, mediator only brings the conflict parties together and offers solutions. Mediation way is more preferable than other peaceful solutions in such reasons as the time savings of mediation, being expert persons as a mediator, reducing the burden of the judicial organs and being easier to protect confidentiality.

Раздел I «Актуальные проблемы международного публичного права» ; В статье на основе анализа доктринальных подходов, международно-правовых документов, национального законодательства выявляются типические черты глобализации и обосновывается доминирующая роль международного права как регулятора интеграционных процессов во всех сферах международного сотрудничества. Автор приходит к выводу, что в современную эпоху универсализация правового регулирования на основе международного права является объективной потребностью глобализации международных отношений. = The author provides the detailed analysis of doctrines, international legal instruments, national legislation and determines typical features of globalization, gives the grounds a dominant role of International Law in legal regulation of integration processes in all spheres of international cooperation. The author comes to conclusion that at present the universality of legal regulation under of international law is the objective necessity of globalization of international relations.

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