Suchergebnisse

В статье анализируются содержание и особенности основных школ и направлений теории международной политики, раскры­ваются главные идеи национальных школ геополитики.
The article focuses on the analysis of the contents and features of the main schools and trends in the theory of international politics, as well as reveals the key ideas of national schools of geopolitics.

One of the achievements of the reflectivist turn in international relations theory in the late 20th century was the attention given to the role of discourse and other ideational factors in international politics. In recent years, however, approaches critical of the discursive emphasis in international studies have emerged, seeking to restore the significance of non-discursive aspects of international relations such as geography, technology, and the non-human. This article offers a perspective on the development of international relations theory from the standpoint of the debate between materialism and idealism. Within this framework, it provides a brief overview of the historical evolution of international relations theory and subsequently delves into a detailed analysis of three strands of the new wave of materialist theorizing in the field - critical realism, new materialism, and neoclassical geopolitics. The article suggests considering the new materialist wave as, on the whole, a positive development, but also points out the necessity of taking into account the risk of "exiling" the human element from international relations research as such concepts proliferate. The possibility of collaboration between reflecivists and post-reflecivists, as well as between idealists and materialists in general, is underlined for the comprehensive study of contemporary international realities.

В статье представлена краткая информация об основных результатах научно-исследовательской деятельности структурного подразделения Института Наследия – Отдела всемирного наследия и международного сотрудничества.
The article provides brief information about the main results of the research activities of the structural unit of the Heritage Institute – World Heritage and International Cooperation Department.

Aus sowjetischer Sicht

The problem of the legal nature of international jurisdiction agreements is directly related to the issue of their regulation in the national legislation, since, depending on the material or procedural quali cations of this institution, particular regulatory requirements for such agreements are to be established. This article analyzes various approaches to the de nition of the legal nature and, consequently, the regulation of international jurisdiction agreements on the example of English, German and Russian legislation. The material quali cation chosen in English law means a more exible regulation of the agreements: the possibility to conclude an oral jurisdiction agreement as well as the possibility for one party to use remedies (antisuit injunctions, damages) in case of violation of the jurisdiction agreement by the other party. The procedural quali cation of jurisdiction agreements in German law presupposes the establishment of stricter formal requirements (requirements for the subjects of agreements, form (written or oral with written con rmation), time of the conclusion of the jurisdiction agreement). In Russian law, this issue has not been nally resolved and is debatable, so that the legislative 181regulation of agreements on jurisdiction is generally fragmentary and is replaced by the construction and interpretation of norms in judicial practice.

The article proposes a rationale to expand the concept of humanitarian diplomacy. Based on scientific research, the author proposes to escape from a narrow understanding of humanitarian diplomacy as providing humanitarian assistance and assistance to vulnerable groups of the population. An attempt is made to form a single umbrella concept of diplomacy, which would include all types of modern diplomacy that are aimed at protecting a person, his values of ideals.

The given research paper presents an attempt to analyze the Caspian region from the point of view of its cross-border specifics. In contrast to the traditional understanding of the Caspian region as the region of heightened geopolitical significance the authors analyze its peculiarities and potential in the context of the cross-border cooperation dynamics. It is especially emphasized that the Caspian region may be considered as a cross-border region which, despite the substantial similarities is different from international transnational regions. The authors focus attention on a key contradiction of the Caspian region. On the one hand, national interests and foreign policy of the states-members of the Caspian region (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan) have a national country and regional importance, since their implementation will form an effective regional security system. On the other hand, the Caspian region attracts the attention of the world powers, becoming a subject of their interest, as it is of great importance for world energy markets and has status of a transit zone between Europe and Asia. For Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan the Caspian status is combined with their most important characteristic of post-Soviet states - shared long historical stage of development within the Soviet Union. The article distinguished and analyzed four main periods of establishment of cross-border cooperation in the Caspian region. The national specificity of modernization reforms in all the countries of the Caspian region have interrelations with further development of cross-border cooperation, the priority of that performs convergence of Caspian states on a number of strategic issues, including economic cooperation and security. (author's abstract)

This article is devoted to English historian F.S. Northedge (1918-1985) and his role in the development conception of international society and English School of International relations in 1960-1980.

This school consists of small group of scientists and diplomats, who were well educated in elite British universities like Cambridge and Oxford. They were acquainted with each other personally. British Committee for the Theory of International Politics in 1960-1970 was the center for the study of International Society. Such composition of the school demonstrated aristocratic character of the International relations study as intellectual pursuit in United Kingdom. Meanwhile, such people like Charles Manning, Fred Northedge, Edward Carr and some other famous people, who usually were English School members, did not taken part in the British Committee due to different reasons.

Thus, F.S. Northedge was untypical participant of English school and his scientific heritage need to be studied. Key factors of his biography and his views on International Policy are studies in the article. "Diplomatic style", "System of the state" and "International society" were the central concepts in his works. He met with these ideas in the London School of economy, where Charles Manning, Martin Wight and Headley Bull – founders of English School - had worked at International relations chair in different time. The analysis of these categories let make conclusion that F. Northedge agreed with main ideas of English School of International relations. But at the same time he understood them very originally. His system of the views demonstrated that British Committee for the Theory of International Politics, but not London School of economy, was the main center for the development conception of International Society in 1960-1980.

В статье анализируется роль и влияние идеологических концепций на формирование и развитие системы международных отношений. Автором проводится комплексная оценка идеологического противостояния государств в течение 20 века, особое внимание уделяется борьбе различных идеологий в ходе Второй мировой и Холодной войн. Подробно рассматривается роль идеологии в мировой политике на современном этапе. Сделан вывод об угрозах со стороны коллективного Запада миру в целом, и большинству других стран, в том числе и России, которые реализуют многополярный, многовекторный внешнеполитический курс: строить систему международных отношений, основанную на равенстве, взаимном уважении, учёте интересов всех участников этих отношений.
The article analyzes the role and influence of ideological concepts on the formation and development of the system of international relations. The author makes a comprehensive assessment of the ideological confrontation of states during the 20th century; special attention spent to the struggle of various ideologies during the Second World War and the Cold War. The influence of ideology on various aspects of international cooperation at the present stage is considered in detail. The conclusion is made about the threats from the collective West to the world as a whole, and to most other countries, including Russia, which are implementing a multipolar, multi-vector foreign policy course: to build a system of international relations based on equality, mutual respect, and taking into account the interests of all participants in these relations.

The paper defines the main approaches to understanding the strategic partnership between states in the international arena, identifies the main features of such a partnership. The author substantiates the thesis that at present the strategic partnership between states in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere is no longer of a secondary nature. The article defines the main directions of strategic partnership between states in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere at the present stage. The concept of changing the vector of Russia in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere at the present stage is substantiated.