Looking back at the 5th session, at the spirit of its debates and negotiations and at its results, one could indeed conclude that it reflected more cooperation than the preceding ones. Some of the reasons why this happened may be found in the general development. However, to a great extent it was owed to the personality of the President, Mr. Quartley, the Shipping Commissioner in the Government of Ghana. He had proved his ability to chairing international meetings already in IMCO and elsewhere. He has encouraged cooperation by the members of all groups with the effect that no decision was taken under pressure. The 5th session has therefore been that with the least number of resolutions adopted but one of the most successful.
Scientific co-operation between the nations is found already in Antiquity and the Middle Ages and has proved a strong stimulus to the development of astronomy. Different forms of modern international co-operation in astronomy may be distinguished: (1) co-ordinated observations at widely separated stations; (2) collective achievement of a great amount of work; (3) creation of international centres; (4) unification of notations and terminology. The increasing need for co-operation in astronomy was the reason for the constitution of international bodies, among which the I.A.U. acquired the greatest importance; the history of the Union shows that scientific co-operation must be kept outside political implications. International meetings, colloquia, travels, and exchanges should be encouraged. The introduction of an auxiliary international language would be highly desirable. International co-operation is a necessary complement to the national development of science.
The question of the international status of Bangladesh seems to be a problem which, besides embracing different aspects of international law, is also permeated with international politics, financial issues, and the racial and religious tension of the Indian subcontinent. And while we are here concerned with the legal principles relevant to the problem it does not seem right to disregard the underlying realities - especially the political reactions - of the Bangladesh question. ; peer-reviewed
At head of title: The Dimensionality of Nations Project, Department of Political Science, University of Hawaii. ; Thesis--University of Hawaii. ; Bibliography: leaves [127]-134. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc. ; CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 75 H381-39 ; Microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Almost thirty-five years ago the General Synod of the Reformed Church in America meeting in this midwestern city, Pella, Iowa, adopted a resolution "that the President be authorized to appoint a Committee on International Justice and Goodwill of five persons to cooperate with the Commission on International Justice and Goodwill of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America in carrying forward the Christian program for a Warless World." Included in the resolution was an endorsement of a Credo of "International Ideals of the Churches of Christ." We beli eve that nations no less than individuals are subject to God's immutable moral laws. We believe that nations achieve true welfare, greatness and honor only through just dealing and unselfish service. We believe that nations that regard themselves as Christian have special international obligations. We believe that the spirit of Christian brotherliness can remove every unjust barrier of trade, color, creed, and race. We believe that Christian patriotism demands the practice of goodwill between nations. We believe that international policies should secure equal justice forall races. We believe that all nations should associate themselves permanently for world peace and goodwill. We believe in international law, and in the universal use of international courts of justice and boards of arbitration. We believe in a sweeping reducti on of armaments by all nations. We believe in a warless world, and dedicate ourselves to its achievement.
This thesis deals with the international law position of those entities which may be said to have status in relation to the territory known as Rhodesia (or Southern Rhodesia, if one is to give it its original name). These entities are the State of Rhodesia, the Government of Rhodesia, the People of Rhodesia and the United Kingdom which claims to exercise sovereignty over the territory of Rhodesia. Since the ambit of the thesis concerns the international law position of these entities it follows that other international law problems relating to Rhodesia, which concern third states and international organizations, fall outside its scope. These latter problems relate to obligations of third states and competences of international organizations to take action in the Rhodesian situation and do not relate to the status of Rhodesia itself. This thesis therefore does not deal with such matters as the imposition of sanctions by the United Nations and the obligations o f member states to participate in them. However, where obligations of third states are inextricably connected with the status of the territory itself, it is necessary to treat them. Thus the "duty not to recognize" Rhodesia owed by third states received full treatment in all its various facets for recognition is a concept which is of cardinal importance in considering status. For the purposes of exposition the thesis is divided into two main parts, a historical part and a contemporary part.
Text in English, French and Spanish. ; "Open for signature at Washington, April 13-27, 1953 . Entered into force July 15, 1953, with respect to Parts 1, 3, 4, and 5; and entered into force August 1, 1953, with respect to Part 2. ; Mode of access: Internet.
A strategy of global welfare, realized through global co-operation, would decrease the opportunity of exploiting economic assistance as a political medium in the Cold War. It has proved to be little helpful to try to prevent interventionary practices by means of solemn Declarations forbidding political and military intervention; it might be much more effective to take first practical measuÍes impeding aranoníc intervention. When social and economic conditions in the developing countries have become such that they contribute to stability and peace and thus remove a major opportunity for interventionary practices in general, the legal discussion on political and military intervention might become more relevant and useful. . Zie: Summary
"Pre-print of a paper to appear in Elton B. McNeil (ed.) Social science and human conflict . 1964." ; Includes bibliography. ; Mode of access: Internet.
The M. H. Ross Papers contain information pertaining to labor, politics, social issues of the twentieth century, coal mining and its resulting lifestyle, as well as photographs and audio materials. The collection is made up of five different accessions; L2001-05, which is contained in boxes one through 104, L2002-09 in boxes 106 through 120, L2006-16 in boxes 105 and 120, L2001-01 in boxes 120-121, and L2012-20 in boxes 122-125. The campaign materials consist of items from the 1940 and 1948 political campaigns in which Ross participated. These items include campaign cards, posters, speech transcripts, news clippings, rally materials, letters to voters, and fliers. Organizing and arbitration materials covers labor organizing events from "Operation Dixie" in Georgia, the furniture workers in North Carolina, and the Mine-Mill workers in the Western United States. Organizing materials include fliers, correspondence, news articles, radio transcripts, and some related photos. Arbitration files consist of agreements, decisions, and agreement booklets. The social and political research files cover a wide time period (1930's to the late 1970's/early 1980's). The topics include mainly the Ku Klux Klan, racism, Communism, Red Scare, red baiting, United States history, and literature. These files consist mostly of news and journal articles. Ross interacted with coal miners while doing work for the United Mine Workers Association (UMWA) and while working at the Fairmont Clinic in West Virginia. Included in these related files are books, news articles, journals, UMWA reports, and coal miner oral histories conducted by Ross. Tying in to all of the activities Ross participated in during his life were his research and manuscript files. He wrote numerous newspaper and journal articles on history and labor. Later, as he worked for the UMWA and at the Fairmont Clinic, he wrote more in-depth articles about coal miners, their lifestyle, and medical problems they faced (while the Southern Labor Archives has many of Ross's coal mining and lifestyle articles, it does not have any of his medical articles). Along with these articles are the research files Ross collected to write them, which consist of notes, books, and newspaper and journal articles. In additional to his professional career, Ross was adamant about documenting his and his wife's family history in the oral history format. Of particular interest are the recordings of his interviews with his wife's family - they were workers, musicians, and singers of labor and folk songs. Finally, in this collection are a number of photographs and slides, which include images of organizing, coal mining (from the late 19th through 20th centuries), and Appalachia. Of note is a small photo album from the 1930s which contains images from the Summer School for Workers, and more labor organizing. A few audio items are available as well, such as Ross political speeches and an oral history in which Ross was interviewed by his daughter, Jane Ross Davis in 1986. All photographic and audio-visual materials are at the end of their respective series. ; Myron Howard "Mike" Ross was born November 9, 1919 in New York City. He dropped out of school when he was seventeen and moved to Texas, where he worked on a farm. From 1936 until 1939, Ross worked in a bakery in North Carolina. In the summer of 1938, he attended the Southern School for Workers in Asheville, North Carolina. During the fall of 1938, Ross would attend the first Southern Conference on Human Welfare in Birmingham, Alabama. He would attend this conference again in 1940 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. From 1939 to 1940, Ross worked for the United Mine Workers Non-Partisan League in North Carolina, working under John L. Lewis. He was hired as a union organizer by the United Mine Workers of America, and sent to Saltville, Virginia and Rockwood, Tennessee. In 1940, Ross ran for a seat on city council on the People's Platform in Charlotte, North Carolina. During this time, he also married Anne "Buddie" West of Kennesaw, Georgia. From 1941 until 1945, Ross served as an infantryman for the United States Army. He sustained injuries near the Battle of the Bulge in the winter of 1944. From 1945 until 1949, Ross worked for the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers, then part of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), as a union organizer. He was sent to Macon, Georgia, Savannah, Georgia and to Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where he worked with the United Furniture Workers Union. He began handling arbitration for the unions. In 1948, Ross ran for United States Congress on the Progressive Party ticket in North Carolina. He also served as the secretary for the North Carolina Progressive Party. Ross attended the University of North Carolina law school from 1949 to 1952. He graduated with honors but was denied the bar on the grounds of "character." From 1952 until 1955, he worked for the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers as a union organizer, first in New Mexico (potash mines) and then in Arizona (copper mines). From 1955 to 1957, Ross attended the Columbia University School of Public Health. He worked for the United Mine Workers of America Welfare and Retirement Fund from 1957 to 1958, where he represented the union in expenditure of health care for mining workers. By 1958, Ross began plans for what would become the Fairmont Clinic, a prepaid group practice in Fairmont, West Virginia, which had the mission of providing high quality medical care for miners and their families. From 1958 until 1978, Ross served as administrator of the Fairmont Clinic. As a result of this work, Ross began researching coal mining, especially coal mining lifestyle, heritage and history of coal mining and disasters. He would interview over one hundred miners (coal miners). Eventually, Ross began writing a manuscript about the history of coal mining. Working for the Rural Practice Program of the University of North Carolina from 1980 until 1987, Ross taught in the medical school. M. H. Ross died on January 31, 1987 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. ; Digitization of the M. H. Ross Papers was funded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission.
The use of schools as a political instrument has long been a highly developed art. Before widespread radio or travel, each nation could furnish through the schools the information available to most of its citizens and thereby further the interests of the State. Very often misinformation about others - particularly military, economic or cultural rivals - was added to a chauvinistic view of the motherland. This kind of education let Hitler pervert one of the best schooled, most cultured and creative populations of Europe, reducing many of its citizens to the barbarians of Belsen or Auschwitz. One of the most insidious educational programs ever devised led this inhumanity to be confused with patriotism, this schooling to be mistaken for education. It is important to remember that nationalistic schooling was augmented by the influence of press, radio, cinema, youth groups and demonstrations, and probably by bitter family memories of imposed treaties and economic privation.
"Compiled by the Subcommittee on National Security and International Operations (pursuant to S. Res. 31, 92d Cong.) of the Committee on Government Operations, United States Senate." ; At head of title: 92d Congress, 1st session. Committee print. ; Mode of access: Internet.
The system of international trade is usually taken as a set of rules which has remained practically fixed since the first years following the second World War. It is considered as the legal framework which greatly facilitated the international exchange of goods and services during the last 25 years. Changes - like the conclusion or termination of agreements between states or the putting in and out of operation of national laws and regulations - normally left the system intact because they occurred within the framework of these rules. If they collided with them they were either regarded as temporary deviations or as concessions (exceptions) which were unavoidable, mostly for political reasons. It is, however, doubtful if this conception is still correct, since the deviations and exception have now reached dimensions which can no longer be called negligible. Moreover, these deviations and exceptions are scarcely temporary at all. This can be demonstrated with regard to the three basic principles of the system of international trade: Reciprocity, Most-favoured nation treatment and Liberalization.
Record is based on bibliographic data in CIS US Congressional Committee Hearings Index. Reuse except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc. ; Indexed in CIS US Congressional Committee Hearings Index Part VII ; Mode of access: Internet.
