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This article reviews the political history of Czechoslovakia as a vital part of the Soviet-dominated "Communist bloc" and its repercussions for the journalist associations based in the country. Following an eventful history since 1918, Czechoslovakia changed in 1948 from a liberal democracy into a Communist regime. This had significant consequences for journalists and their national union and also for the International Organization of Journalists (IOJ), which had just established its headquarters in Prague. The second historical event to shake the political system was the "Prague Spring" of 1968 and its aftermath among journalists and their unions. The third landmark was the "Velvet Revolution" of 1989, which played a significant part in the fall of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe and led to the closing of the old Union of Journalists in 1990, followed by the founding of a new Syndicate which refused to serve as the host of the IOJ. This led to a gradual disintegration and the closing down of what in the 1980s was the world's largest non-governmental organization in the media field.

This article reviews the political history of Czechoslovakia as a vital part of the Soviet-dominated "Communist bloc" and its repercussions for the journalist associations based in the country. Following an eventful history since 1918, Czechoslovakia changed in 1948 from a liberal democracy into a Communist regime. This had significant consequences for journalists and their national union and also for the International Organization of Journalists (IOJ), which had just established its headquarters in Prague. The second historical event to shake the political system was the "Prague Spring" of 1968 and its aftermath among journalists and their unions. The third landmark was the "Velvet Revolution" of 1989, which played a significant part in the fall of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe and led to the closing of the old Union of Journalists in 1990, followed by the founding of a new Syndicate which refused to serve as the host of the IOJ. This led to a gradual disintegration and the closing down of what in the 1980s was the world's largest non-governmental organization in the media field.

Contents -- Foreword; Juan Somavia -- Introduction; Kaarle Nordenstreng -- 1. Frames and Contradictions of the Journalistic Profession; Svennik Høyer and Epp Lauk -- 2. First Internationals: IUPA and PCW (1894–1936); Ulf Jonas Björk -- 3. First Professional International: FIJ (1926–1940); Frank Beyersdorf -- 4. Embroiled in Cold War Politics: IOJ and IFJ (1946–); Kaarle Nordenstreng -- Conclusion; Kaarle Nordenstreng et al. -- Appendices -- I Timeline 1893– -- II Membership data of IOJ and IFJ 1966–1990 -- III Consultative meetings of international and regional... 1978–1990 -- Bibliography .