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"International Norm Change" published on by Oxford University Press.

"International Norms and Foreign Policy" published on by Oxford University Press.

"Theories of International Norm Contestation: Structure and Outcomes" published on by Oxford University Press.

Neither realist nor neoliberal perspectives can adequately address the position & function of concepts such as identities, norms, & values in international relations. The realist camp falls short because innovation is absent, & norms are only agreed with when it is convenient. On the other hand, the neoliberal camp fails to acknowledge that ideas may change a political actor's goals &/or identity. Even the constructivist camp exaggerates the importance of ideas & norms while failing to reconcile how ideas & norms change with time. The only viable solution, therefore, is to adopt an analysis of normative evolution. This theory supports the discovery of new ideas, allowing new ideas to compete with existing ideas. Those ideas that survive are then adopted through the processes of socialization & institutionalization. Sooner or later, these ideas will be challenged by even newer ideas. Because international relations theory is not yet equipped to deal with normative life cycles, a new emphasis on normative evolution is needed. 2 Tables, 4 Figures, 142 References. K. Larsen