Suchergebnisse

Dottorato di ricerca in Storia d'Europa: società, istituzioni e sistemi politici europei,19.-20. secolo ; La tesi ripercorre le vicende dell'associazionismo internazionale delle donne dalla sua nascita - negli anni Ottanta dell'Ottocento- fino alla vigilia del Secondo conflitto mondiale. In particolare, la ricerca si sofferma sulle tre maggiori organizzazioni l' International Women's Council, l'International Woman Alliance, la Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, sulle politiche da esse perseguite, sulle loro differenze e i loro conflitti. Una parte specifica è dedicata al caso italiano. Al centro vi è l'ipotesi dell'esistenza di una cultura politica prodotta dai movimenti delle donne ed intesa come espressione di un soggetto sociale e politico autonomo. Elaborata dalle generazioni femminili del mondo occidentale, appartenenti alle classi medie e medio-alte, per superare le asimmetrie nelle relazioni tra i sessi e costruire una diversa rappresentazione del femminile, questa cultura si è misurata con le grandi questioni che hanno attraversato la storia dei primi decenni del nuovo secolo: patriottismo e pacifismo di fronte alla prima guerra mondiale; organizzazione istituzionale di una convivenza pacifica tra gli anni Venti e gli anni Trenta; infine il confronto tra democrazia e totalitarismi nella crisi degli anni Trenta. Nel corso della tesi ne sono state delineate le caratteristiche, le continuità e i mutamenti intercorsi nei primi decenni del XX secolo, con un'attenzione particolare al rapporto tra democrazie e diritti delle donne, all'internazionalismo e transnazionalismo femminile, alle politiche di pace e al dilemma tra pacifismo assoluto e accettazione di una nuova guerra nel cuore dell'Europa in difesa della democrazia. Alla base del lavoro vi sono una serie di importanti corpus documentari consistenti per la maggior parte di fonti a stampa e di fonti archivistiche conservate nei principali archivi e biblioteche specializzate presenti in Europa e negli Stati Uniti. ; The thesis explores the history of the international women's associations from their birth - in the eighties of the Nineteenth- up on the eve of the Second World War. In particular, the research focuses on the three main international organizations: International Women's Council, International Woman Alliance, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, their politics, conflicts, and differences. A specific part is devoted to the Italian case. The central hypothesis of the research is the existence of a political culture produced by the women's movements as the expression of an autonomous political and social subject. Developed by female generations in the Western world, belonging to middle and upper middle classes, to overcome the asymmetries in gender relations, this culture challenged the great issues that have permeated the history of the first decades of the century: patriotism and pacifism in the face of World War I; institutional organization of peaceful coexistence; the confrontation between democracy and totalitarianism in the crisis of the Thirties. The thesis outlines the features, the continuities and changes , with specific attention to the relationship between democracy and women's rights, internationalism and transnationalism, peace policies and the dilemma between absolute pacifism and acceptance of a new war in the heart of Europe in defence of democracy. The work is based on a rich body of sources held in the main archives and specialized libraries in Europe and the United States.

This article explains the present situation of the Lithuanian libraries in the light of what happened during the period of the Soviet Union occupation and after regaining the independence in 1990.Lithuania has a very old and important tradition in the library field that can be traced to the Fourteenth Century. When Lithuania was a independent nation its libraries developed in a way similar to the other European libraries, till the Soviet Union occupation. In fact, after the second world war the Soviet librarianship was introduced in Lithuania with negative and positive consequences. The regaining of the independence in 1990 became a landmark for Lithuanian society and libraries as fundamental reforms have been changing the political, economic and cultural framework of the State.The article describes the present system of the Lithuanian libraries and the recent juridical and administrative measures, with their consequences on the development of libraries. It has reserved the biggest attention to the public libraries as them are more undergone to the changing.The last part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the future prospects of the main aims to pursue for improving the quality of Lithuanian libraries and librarians. What is more, it is also given prominence to the help and cooperation that some international organisation and institution, expecially Scandinavians, are supplying to the Lithuanian libraries.