Suchergebnisse

The constitutional reforms in Russia are amongst the most significant news for Russia's partners in international relations. The configuration of international law and Russian domestic legal order falls within the scope of the constitutional changes of 2020, and there is no chance that this change will be abandoned by the legislator. This particular amendment was not actively commented on during the nationwide discussion on the constitutional reform; it drew mostly experts' attention. The article alleges that the constitutional amendment restricting the applicability of international case law in Russia is both a transient response to the instant political tension around Russia, and a formalization of the positivistic trend well established in domestic judicial practice. The positivistic trend is part of the process shaping Russia's own approach to international law. The prospective amendment concerning international case law in the Constitution of the Russian Federation will not hinder the rules expressly stated in the treaties of the EAEU. However, the resolutions of the EAEU's structures and institutions, including the case law of the Court of the EAEU, are likely to be scrutinized in a defensive way by Russian Constitutional court in situations extraordinary for the Russian State, ensuring their conformity with the unquestionable and unconditional supremacy of the Russian Constitution.

According to the neoinstitutionalism theory, institutions are divided into two groups: formal and informal. Formal institutions are the enshrined legal provisions, laws by which government are guided and institutionalized norms. Informal institutions include rules of conduct, system of values, ideology and traditions which are the defi ning factor of social behavior of a person. The article deals with the problem of fi ghting against international terrorism in the context of Islam as an informal institution and activity of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) as formal an institution. In Islam terrorism in all its forms is rejected. In Islamic tradition acts of violence are classifi ed under different names – a muhariba, fataq, ightiyal, ghadar, baghiy and irhab and are absolutely rejected. The present terrorist activities which terrorists carry out by justifying them with distorted provisions and interpretations of Islamic doctrines has nothing to do with laws of Sharia. Terrorism as goal pursuing method also rejected by the Organization of Islamic cooperation – the largest formal Islamic institution. The offi cial position of the OIC member-states on this matter is enshrined in conventions, resolutions and different declarations, and also in the constant stance of the secretary general of the Organization that demonstrates the serious concern and commitment of this institute to fi ght against international terrorism. ; Теория нового институционализма делит институты на две группы: формальные и неформальные. Формальные институты – это закрепленные юридические нормы, законы, которыми руководствуются государственный аппарат, власти; принципы действия для разных областей социального взаимодействия, например, торговля. Неформальные институты включают в себя правила поведения, систему ценностей, идеологию и традиции, которые являются определяющим фактором социального поведения человека. В настоящей статье рассматривается проблема борьбы с международным терроризмом в контексте ислама – как института неформального типа и деятельности Организации Исламского Сотрудничества (ОИС) как института формального характера, базирующегося на неформальных исламских институтах. В исламе терроризм во всех его проявлениях отвергается. В традиции этой религии акты насилия под разными названиями – мухарибе, фатак, игьтияль, гадар, баги и ирхаб, категорически запрещаются. Террористическая деятельность сегодня, которая осуществляется с использованием искаженных положений и интерпретаций исламских учений, не имеет ничего общего с законами шариата. Терроризм как метод достижения целей отвергается и крупнейшим формальным исламским институтом – Организацией исламского сотрудничества. Официальная позиция мусульманских государств в рамках ОИС по этому вопросу закреплена в конвенциях, резолюциях и разных декларациях, а также в неизменной позиции генерального секретаря Организации по данному вопросу, что говорит о серьезной озабоченности и готовности данного института участвовать в борьбе против международного терроризма.

Европска унија представља по много чему специфичну међународну организацију. Њено основно и препознатљиво обележје је наднационалност у креирању и спровођењу јавних политика. Настала удруживањем ресурса угља и челика брзо је прерасла у зону слободне трговине и сарадњу држава чланица у питањима као што је атомска енергије. Европска интеграција од свог почетка до данас зна искључиво за проширење чланства и повећање броја области сарадње на добровољној основи. Да ли ће међународне околности у којима се ЕУ налази данас и односи са другим међународним организацијама одбрамбеног карактера допринети већој интеграцији држава чланица ЕУ у домену одбране основна је тема овог рада. Трагање за различитим сценаријима развоја заједничке безбедносне политике ЕУ зависи пре свега од међународне институционалне и безбедносне архитектуре у Европи и свету, историјско политичких трендова у развоју европске интеграције, правног оквира ЕУ и међународног стратегијског окружења. Савремене међународне организације, посебно оне са преовлађујућим обележјима наднационалности (у конкретном случају ЕУ) имају тенденцију да у области одбране и безбедности комбинују наднационална обележја са међувладиним у покушају да што ефективније искористе структуру организације за остваривање њених циљева и интереса, али без већег преноса надлежности са држава чланица на саму организацију. ; The European Union represents in many ways a specific international organization. Its basic and recognizable feature is that of supranational policy and decision making. It was created by pooling the resources of coal and steel which had quickly developed into a free trade zone and ever closer Union in many policy areas. European integration from its inception to the present days was all about expanding membership and increasing the number of areas of cooperation. Namely widening and deepening of the EU was on the agenda. Will the current international circumstances and relations with other international defense organizations contribute to deepening integration in the field of defense is to be researched in this work. Search for different scenarios in the development of EU Common Security and Defense policy depends primarily on the international institutional and security architecture in Europe and the world, the historical political trends in the development of European integration, the EU legal framework and international strategic environment. Contemporary international organizations, especially those with the prevailing supranational characteristics (in this case the EU) tend to combine intergovernmental and supranational approach in the area of defense and security in an effort to more effectively utilize the structure of the organization for the realization of its goals and interests, but without significant transfer of powers from Member States on the organization itself. The main goals and interests of the EU integration in the field of defense and security are to (1) ensure durable and everlasting peace among member states, (2) to address common security challenges, risks and threats autonomously or in cooperation with other States and/or international organizations, (3) pool and share resources leading to more effective achievement of military economic interests, mainly through the development and transfer of military technology and equipment. In addition to the mentioned goals and interests, (4) particular interests of the Member States would be to improve their own political, economic and military performance. EU Integration in the field of defense, may rest in the future on (1) the current state of integration (status quo), (2) progress in areas that are not conflicting with the individual interests of key actors in the European arena (3) the deepening of integration leading to progressive framing of common defense policy with an ultimate goal to establish common defense. (4) The fourth model is possible and has been seen in the other EU policy areas.

One of the key conditions for increasing of Russian education competitiveness in the international market is the active involvement of universities in various international cooperation forms. For this purpose, an analysis of international, federal, local normative legal acts regulating the international activities of Russian higher education institutions was carried out. The international aspect was considered using a comparative legal analysis of agreements between Russia and other countries. The article presents the results of the analysis of the principles of international agreements regulating the educational process in Russian universities. According to the research, a model, regulating the international activities of Russia's universities, was analysed. The study of regulatory legal acts in Russia's higher education led to the conclusion about the legislation elaboration level, to outline the prospects for development and the possibility of expanding the domestic universities international activities. ; Одним из ключевых условий повышения конкурентоспособности российского образования на международном рынке является активное вовлечение университетов в различные формы международного сотрудничества. С этой целью изучения международных, федеральных, локальных нормативных правовых актов, регулирующих международную деятельность российских высших учебных заведений, выполнен анализ нормативной соответствующей правовой базы Российской Федерации. Международный аспект деятельности вузов был рассмотрен с помощью сравнительно-правового анализа соглашений между Россией и другими странами. В статье представлены результаты анализа принципов международных соглашений, регулирующих образовательный процесс в российских вузах. По данным исследования была проанализирована модель регулирования международной деятельности вузов Российской Федерации. Изучение нормативных правовых актов в сфере высшего образования в Российской Федерации позволило сделать вывод об уровне проработанности законодательства, обозначить перспективы ...

Раздел - "Международное право" ; The present paper considers some issues of regulating of a quite complex legal institution, that of multiple nationality. Currently, European integration in general and the phenomenon of multiple nationality in particular are arousing a lot of interest. This is caused to a large extent b y both the relative stability of economic and political guarantees of rights and liberties of the citizens of Western Europe and by the search of Eastern European countries for their place and their road in the united Europe, b y the necessity to overcome cultural and economic disunity of European states and also b y the unabated interest in the structural elements of diverse and variously speeded integration in this region. In this regard the institution of multiple nationality stands out against the background of all-European integration. It has been in existence in this region for many millenia and embraces practically all states of the continent. Multiplenationality creates at the same time both real possibilities and prerequisites for integration and real problems, causing sometimes protracted conflicts between states and peoples and separating their political interests. The author sees multiple nationality to be a complex legal state expressed through a complicated legal relationship, which lends form to a multistructured social political, economic, cultural and moral relationship between states (representations of citizenship/nationality) and the person as regards responsible possession by a person of the complete or the basic set of rights and duties of nationality equal to the persons of his/her category of nationality in more than one state formation. With this assumption the paper shows in general terms the causes for the emergence of multiple nationality and the ways of settling its problems. The citizenship of the European Union, which the author refers to a kind of multiple nationality, is a particular legal institution which could serve as a source for forming all-European and global citizenship. Alongside with the study of the citizenship of the European Union the paper considers the institution of multiple nationality within the framework of the Council of Europe. The European region has accumulated abundant experience of regulating multiple nationality; part of which experience was embodied in the provisions of various international treaties concluded by the member-states of the Council of Europe. It would be effective to use in the countries of Eastern Europe and Asia. The European Convention on Nationality from November 6, 1997 was a progressive step in the realm of developing nationality and multiple nationality, though it has a number of drawbacks and as a whole does not adequately take into consideration the existing needs in this sphere. A number of norms, for instance, the right of the state to terminate citizenship, declared in article 7 and other provisions of the Convention have not been specified. The drawbacks of legal regulation of these issues and the issues of state succession and nationality (article 16) arouse doubts in the compliance of provisions of the abovementioned convention with the requirements of articles 15 and 29 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights. Unfortunately, the European Convention on Nationality is trying to unite disparate points of v i ew into one, there arising as a result some apprehension as to the possibility of its arbitrary application. The citizenship, being established within the framework of integration of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, is also a peculiar institution which could be transformed into a different type of citizenship. The author considers that reasonable application of the institution of multiple nationality could facilitate the solution of a number of problems of contemporary international law, including the problems of international cooperation, human rights protection and development of integrational process. This experience could be promoted b y all states and especially the former USSR countries who have various directions of solving the issues of multiple nationality.

The paper presents the characteristics of the scientific schoolfunctioning on the basis of the Department of Political Science of Kemerovo State University. The leadıng scıentısts of the Department of Polıtıcal Scıence are introduced ın the paper, its cooperatıon with other research groups is reported. The paper descrıbes the results of work in ıts basıc scıentıfıc areas. ; В статье дается характеристика научной школы, действующей на базе кафедры политических наук КемГУ. Представлен состав научной школы, ее взаимодействие с другими научными коллективами. Дана краткая характеристика итогов работы школы по ее основным научным направлениям.