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The term "internationalism" denotes a variety of impulses and initiatives that favoured and facilitated cooperation between individuals, groups, organisations or governments. The multifarious nature of internationalism meant that it manifested itself in different places and manifold ways. Rather than being informed by a coherent political or social agenda, internationalism was deployed by a wide array of political, social and cultural actors. This essay highlights such diversity and therefore approaches internationalism from several angles: as an idea, a narrative, a set of practices and a quest for international organisation.

One of the questions that we posed for the forum on intellectuals and their America in this issue has preoccupied me
for many years, and I will seize this occasion to respond (other editors may also join the conversation on the Web):
"Do you consider yourself a patriot, a world citizen, or do you have some other allegiance that helps shape your
political opinions?" I consider myself a left internationalist, but definitely not a world citizen. The difference is important. Internationalism
connects me to leftists in other countries, who are or should be working for the well-being of the poorest and most
vulnerable of their fellow citizens. I am engaged with them in what I think of as a characteristically leftist way: I support
their politics, but I also criticize some (and sometimes many) of the things they do.

Argues that former US President Ronald Reagan adopted a foreign policy tradition that drew on elements of realism & liberal internationalism: conservative internationalism. This tradition is manifest in the foreign policy choices of Thomas Jefferson, James K. Polk, & Harry Truman, who, along with Reagan, are seen to have expanded freedom abroad through the assertive use of military force more than other US presidents. The eleven principal tenets of the conservative internationalist tradition are identified, & it is distinguished from realism & liberal internationalism. These are then illustrated with a look at the policies of Jefferson (vs Alexander Hamilton & realists), Polk (vs Andrew Jackson & nationalists), Truman (vs Franklin Roosevelt & liberal internationalists), & Reagan (vs Jimmy Carter & liberal internationalists & Richard Nixon & realists). What conservative internationalism offers the current debate on terrorism, opportunities for freedom, connection & timing of force & diplomacy, & local democracy is considered. Adapted from the source document.

Explores public attitudes toward Canada's involvement in international affairs. The political debate for & against an internationalist Canada & historical foreign policy positions are examined. However, attention to the public's stance on the international involvement of the Canadian state is a newer concept, & substantial empirical evidence on public opinion is lacking. Public support of Canadian internationalism from 1970 to 2002 is analyzed, & attitudes are differentiated by economic interests & independent, liberal, & general internationalisms. The public attitude shifts regarding the international involvement of Canada are explained, & the relationship between public opinion & foreign policy making is evaluated. 3 Tables, 1 Figure, 1 Appendix. L. Collins

In 1934, the Italian diplomat and scholar Giuseppe de Michelis (1872−1951) published a programmatic book that in English was called 'World Reorganisation on Corporative Lines'. In this study, de Michelis suggested transferring the socio-economic model of fascist Italy to the global level. He thus envisaged global economic governance by a powerful international organisation and a strict limitation of national sovereignty over the factors of production. My purpose in this article is to explore these largely forgotten proposals as well as the ideological context from which they emerged. The fascist internationalism of de Michelis was technocratic and dirigist, enthusiastic about the possibilities of public planning and the virtues of bureaucratic organisation. This is why his suggestions resembled, in some important respects, world order proposals made by liberal internationalists during the same period. The lesson for International Relations theory is that blueprints for international institutions can be connected to a wide variety of political ideologies. There is no reason to believe that any tradition of political thought is necessarily and eternally committed to internationalism, while others are principally hostile to it.