Suchergebnisse

Women leadership in politics is still a clash of ideas among the scholars'. Some say there are haram (forbidden) and vice versa can say. If this I analyzed further, take note that the main problem actually arises because the interpretation of religious doctrine carried out at shallow So that finally, was born a misoginis interpretation of religious texts, which in this context is the Hadith texts.

Main factor of marginalization in social, cultural, educational and political living isn't only mistake thought or mind set toward women but also becouse of being supported by holistical texts which are poor critical interpretations toward Al-qur'an verses and deeds of prophet Muhammad. This writing aims to analize some misogini deeds which deem that women are placed as the second human who are unappropriate in entering men stage, so discoursed interpretations have consequence for marginalizing women into the edge of women deadlock in giving voice at their rights and duties, refering to the historical facts, on mattes pertaining to prophet Muhammad age showed that women weren't as people thought about women living without getting their rights and duties as men ones, other wisw on the real facts, they struggled together with men to acquire rights and duties equally and to avoid discrimination as an impact of sex and gender gaps.

Conflicts between Governance actors are rife in the era of democracy as it is today. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of land conflicts faced by the community against the Bandung City Government which is in a joint coalition with PT Sartonia Agung. Those two parties had a dispute over land rights in RW 11 Tamansari to control the basis of rights for housing and the construction of Row House. The struggle of each party in the struggle for land in RW 11 Tamansari was carried out through an advocacy process with both formal and informal approaches. The Advocacy Coalition Framework in this study was used as a knife for analyzing the phenomena that occurred. The research methods used in this study were qualitative research by standing on the interpretative paradigm. The data were collected by conducting observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation relating to the outline of the research. The findings obtained from this study indicated that there was a formation of strong coalition domination by the government through aggressive and repressive behavior that raised a conflict of interest in the row house construction policy in Tamansari Subdistrict, Bandung City, which was rejected by the Coalition of the Tamansari community that was formed. The series of advocacy carried out by the Tamansari community coalition had not produced results in favor of the coalition that urged a change in the policy.

Profit and loss sharing (PLS) financing should be the main operational characteristic of Islamic financial institutions because it more comply to sharia (Islamic law) and more fair (Chapra, 2001:223). But in fact, PLS-financing in Islamic micro-finance (IMF) in Indonesia is very small, which is about 20% of total financing. Some IMF"s managers think that PLS-financing is lead to poor performance due to the nature of uncertainty. This study aims at analyzing the effect of PLS-financing on the business performance, social performance, and maslahah (benefits) for stake holders. Maslahah is the purpose of Islamic law (sharia). By this, PLS-financing as the implementation of Islamic law have to improve maslahah for stakeholders. This study uses quantitative approach with partial least square (PLS) analysis. PLS analysis is used to determine the relationships among the latent variables; PLS-financing, business performance, social performance, and maslahah. On this study, all of the latent variables are measured by formative indicators. PLS-financing is formed by mudaraba financing and musyaraka financing. Business performance variable is formed by three indicators; return on assets, performing financing, and financing to deposit ratio. Social Performance variable is formed by three indicators; qard-qardul hasan financing; distributing of alms, infaq, sadaqah; and social funds. Maslahah variable is formed by five indicators; maslahah of owners, executives, employees, government, and society. The results indicate that the PLS-financing affects business performance negatively, but business performance affects the social performance and maslahah positively. By this result, it can be concluded that the allocation of PLS-financing of IMF affects the maslahah negatively. The cause is many PLS-financing given to start up business has high risk.

Waqf is an Islamic philanthrophy instrument that can be used as a source of funds for Muslims. Indonesia as a country that has the largest Muslim population in the world, but in practice the realization of the optimization of the potential and utilization of waqf funds in Indonesia is still low, while Singapore which is a minority Muslim is able to utilize waqf funds optimally and productively. The priority of regulatory issues is less supportive, because regulation is the basis or legal basis for the management of waqf. The purpose of this research is to compare the regulation and management of waqf management in Indonesia and Singapore, so that the implications of this research result can be used as input for the development of waqf management in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative approach and a statute approach. The results of this research is waqf regulation in Indonesia contained in Law No. 41 of 2004 and Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006 as implementing regulations. Waqf regulations in Singapore are found in the Administration of Muslim Law Act (AMLA) in the Act. No. 27 of 1966. Most of the management of waqf in Indonesia is still on the property of waqf not moving like land, but in its development Indonesia is developing waqf of movable property (cash waqf). The management in the development of productive waqf in Singapore uses istibdal method which is applied in various forms to make waqf assets have high value and are productive.

This study aims to determine the relationship between zombie companies and the performance of corporate social responsibility, with corporate governance and ownership as moderator variables. A zombie company is a near-insolvent firm due to inefficiency and low profitability but still survive with external support from the government or bank (Kane, 1987). The determination of the sample is done by a purposive sampling method, with OLS and Moderated Regression Analysis methods. The number of research samples is 288 companies with a total of 1865 observations for the period 2010-2017. The analysis shows that CSR performance in zombie companies is lower than that of non-zombies. The moderator variable of corporate governance is proxied by board composition, while ownership is proxied by family ownership and institutional ownership. The board composition and institutional ownership variables do not moderate the negative effects of zombie companies on CSR performance, while the family ownership variable worsens the relationship between zombie companies and CSR performance. The research control variables are financial leverage, a dummy of state-owned enterprise, and firm size. While financial leverage has no effect on the CSR performance, the state-owned enterprise and firm size are positively related to that performance.

One of the market anomalies that often occurs in the capital market is the January Effect. This phenomenon occurs when stock returns in January become higher or increase compared to other months. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the January Effect and test the effect of institutional ownership of the anomaly January Effect. This study also uses market returns, stock turnover, and firm's size as control variables. The sample in this study were 73 companies that are categorized as LQ-45 inIndonesia Stock Exchange(ISE) period of 2012 to 2014 in accordance with predetermined criteria. This research method is purposive sampling with analysis techniques using t-test and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) which uses (α = 5%). The results of this study proves that the January Effect andinstitutional ownership has significant negative effect on January Effect. In addition, the results showed that market return, stock turnover, and firm's size has a significant positive effect on return.

The purpose of this study is to explain how ASEAN solved problems in stabilizing their territory. As we know the formation of ASEAN as a regional organization of Southeast Asia is to liberate countries in Southeast Asia from the influence of The Great Powers. This is in line with the realism that deeply bound within ASEAN. Ahead of the 15th anniversary of the formation of ASEAN, there was a major conflict between Vietnam and Cambodia, precisely in the 1970s. This is one of the catalysts that destabilize the ASEAN's stances to avoid various types of multilateral relations. The method used in this research is qualitative with historical analysis from various literatures. After successfully resolving the conflict, in 1994 ASEAN established ARF as a workplace to discuss security in Asia, in order to facilitate such conflicts to occur again. ARF members are not only ASEAN countries but also superpowers. This is contrary to the foundation of ASEAN itself. In essence it shows that realism is willing to subdue with liberalism.

This study considers the political aspects of the Joko Widodo government's megaproject to build an integrated marine logistic system known as the tol laut. Expanding the existing literature which gives details about the contextual obstacles faced by and the prospects for the Indonesian government to pursue its infrastructure ambitions, the study argues that notwithstanding the relevance of the tol laut for advancing the Indonesian economy, it is inevitably entangled with dynamic internal and external environments which can unfavourably distort the construction processes. This is the way of understanding the political economy of Indonesia's development issues which allows for the juxtaposition of domestic political and international relations factors as its framework of analysis. The discussion is divided into four sections. Section one explains the conceptual and methodological foundation of the study. Section two outlines the importance of the tol laut to Indonesian national economic development. Section three looks at how the current domestic political settings pose structural hurdles to Widodo's tol laut, and section four observes the effect of international relations of powerful regional actors and Jakarta's diplomatic capacity to the on-going tol laut. The concluding section summarizes the findings of the study.

The approach uses interpertatif approach. This approach is used because the localinstitutional review requires adequate interpretation to explain his role in theempowerment of society. Data analysis tool used in this research is descriptive qualitativeand descriptive statistics using the rating scale. The conclusions obtained from this study,LPMK role in the empowerment. Despite the fact that these local institutions actually havethe potential to empower communities. Internal factors which can encourage the role oflocal institutions in empowering, namely: a) Commitment of personnel agencies in the lineof duty, b) Funding agencies, c) The role of local institutions that have been standard, d)The experience of institutions in empowerment, e) competence contained in the institution,f) Means-infrastructure institutions, and g). The relationship between the agency personnel.While external factors, a) village government support, b) the support of other institutions,and c) government support for CityKeywords: Empowerment, LPMK

Small Medium Entreprises (SMEs) and Cooperative have not received a proper law protection in facing trade liberation of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and economic globalized world. In 2015 AEC has been established that would bring a huge change in Southeast Asia regionS and definitely will have a wide impact to business people in Indonesia. SMEs and Cooperative contribute to more than 90 percent of total Indonesian national economy. However, they are weak on investment and information technology and management skill as well as competition law among ASEAN Member States. Economic policies do not give a sufficient protection to SMEs and Cooperative. This article tries to seek solutions for SMEs problems especially their legal structure in order to enhance their competitiveness. This article argues that the government can provide legal protection by reforming SMEs economic sectors similar to the AEC's priority sectors by which the Indonesian' SMEs would become world class corporate.

Purpose One of the strongest connections in politics in developing countries is through military links. This study aims to examine the auditor choice preference of the militarily-connected firms in Indonesia, an emerging country where there is a strong influence from the military on political decision-making. Design/methodology/approach The analysis used 3,473 firms-year observations listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange spanning from 2003 to 2017 using regression and other statistical tests. Findings The results reveal that firms with a militarily-connected director are less likely to appoint one of the Big 4 auditors. Using the military reform as a natural experiment, the finding shows that militarily-connected firms did not change their auditor choice preference even after the military reform. Interestingly, I find that connected firms are associated with high earnings management. In addition, the different retirement position level and military affiliations of the connected directors generate different outcomes related to the auditor choice decision. Overall, the results indicate that militarily-connected firms were less likely to appoint one of the Big 4 auditors both before and after the military reforms. These results are robust, even after the author controlled for political connections, year fixed effects and industry fixed effects. Research limitations/implications Because of the limitations of the prior literature on military connections, this study is developed based on the assumption that the militarily-connected directors have identical behavior whether they serve in either public or private companies. However, this assumption could be invalid which potentially affects the interpretation of some of the results in this study. Originality/value This paper provides direct evidence of the auditor choice preference of firms with a military connection. The evidence builds on the existing literature on the difference in auditor choice preference between politically and militarily-connected firms.

A lack of proper interpretation of Decentralisatie Van Het Onderwijs or education decentralization in practice has led to confusion in understanding the legal aspects of education decentralization to oversee the targeted acculturation of Indonesian citizens. Decentralisation Van Het Onderwijs, a Dutch education reform law, was the impetus for this study, which seeks to shed light on the role that decentralization plays in the process of cultural assimilation. Through an examination of the decentralization concept associated with Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning regional government, the legal meaning of education decentralization is determined. Of primary importance is creating an educational framework, which includes teaching student's values such as morality and respect for others. This framework can only be established through a well-resourced educational system. When it comes to education, moral training, character development, and social responsibility are all part of formal education. Only traditional religious schools, such as pesantren, can provide all of this information.

This study analyzes the success of the Indonesian Farmers Union (SPI) in the peasant rights struggle during 2001 - 2016. This study uses the social movement integration aprproach which is an attempt to synthesize three dimensions / approaches: the structure of political opportunity; structure of social mobilization; and cultural framing. This study uses qualitative research methods with study case approach. The research data is sourced from interviews and documents and literature related to this study. The analysis indicates that the success of SPI in peasant rights struggles in 2001 - 2018 can be seen from the ratification of 'Declaration Peasant Rights and Other People Working in Rural Area' or UNDROP at the International level. This success can't be separated from the role of each dimension / approach, namely a combination of factors of political openness in Indonesia, the success of the SPI in networking alliances at various levels (local-international), and the construction of ideas on the rights of farmers that can be accepted universal.

This article investigates the relationship between director networks and earnings quality in Malaysia. Using data on 4,416 individual directors who served on the boards of 745 firms listed on Bursa, Malaysia during 2011, we map the entire network of directors and generate measures to reflect the size and quality of information within the network. We find a negative and significant relationship between the overall connectedness of a director's network and the firm's earnings quality. In addition, we find a negative and significant relationship between the political connectedness of the director's network and earnings quality. Our results are robust for different measures of earnings quality.