Suchergebnisse

The author introduces the article with a picture of a woman wearing a heavy black chador and carrying a muffled up baby, thus symbolizing the main roles of the traditional Iranian woman: bearing children and adhering strictly to religious law. Failing to perform this double duty means losing her status, prestige, political allies, the comfort of having intimate relations with children and their support in old age. The traditional Iranian woman also plays a social role. Through interaction with other women, she maintains political ties between her family and other families. Frequent visits, meetings, cooperation in housework and exchange of gifts help to maintain socio-political ties among families and allows them to arrange marriages and concern themselves with weddings, pregnancies and births.

This is the published version, made available with the permission of the publisher. Copyright 2015, University of Nebraska, Omaha. ; Throughout the ruptures of Iran's history, Iranian women have been at the core of any social and political changes and challenges. In this historical context, Iranian women's body, sexuality, and individuality have been confined within the constitution of religion and tradition. In recent years, however, the new generation of Iranian women is negotiating the notions of femininity, sexuality, and modernity in Iran's society. Along with this negotiation, Iranian cinema, as the visual showcase of Iranian culture and society, has recently represented an unprecedented portrayal of Iranian women on the screen. This portrayal stems from the gender consciousness of Iranian women who are transgressing the boundaries of gender segregation and inequality. This study, therefore, provides an insight into the social and sexual changes of Iranian women's lives in today's Iran and analyzes the representation of these changes in Iranian post-revolutionary cinema, especially the recent decade.

Inhaltsverzeichnis: Neighborly Scorn -- Iranian Women (1925-1980) -- Women of Khorramshahr and Abadan -- Women of the State -- Home Front Sacrifices -- Participation in Unlikely Places -- Female Prisoners of War -- Women Without Men -- The War Continues Forty Years Later -- Iranian Women and Gender Since the War Ended.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the factors impacting successful Iranian women entrepreneurs. The factors include: self‐efficacy, risk taking, negative stereotypes, and societal culture and traditions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilizes interviews conducted with a sample of successful Iranian women entrepreneurs and examines the challenges they had to overcome, as well as their success factors.FindingsChallenges caused by the negative stereotypes and traditions of Iranian society are barriers successful Iranian women entrepreneurs had to overcome. The possession of personal internal factors such as high levels of self‐efficacy and risk taking positively impacted these women's success.Research limitation/implicationsThe interviews were not conducted by the authors and were published in Farsi, so there may be interpretation and/or translation issues. However, there are few empirical studies on Iranian women entrepreneurs, and this research is one of the first that contributes to a better understanding of this important group of entrepreneurs. Further empirical research is needed to advance knowledge of Iranian women entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the scarce knowledge about Iranian women entrepreneurship, by introducing readers to this unique subgroup of entrepreneurs. It represents a starting point to an important area of research.

"Extended solitary confinement has been condemned as a severe violation of human rights. Yet it is still widely used in Iranian prisons. In White Torture, thirteen women, including Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, share their experiences of imprisonment: harassment and beatings by guards, total blindfolding and denial of medical treatment. Angry interrogators threaten their families and lie about their whereabouts. One prisoner is even told she is dead. None of the women have committed crimes - they are prisoners of conscience or held hostage as bargaining chips. Through psychological torture, the Iranian state hopes to remake their souls. These interviews, carried out while each woman was in prison or facing charges, are astounding documents of resistance and integrity. White Torture unveils the rot at the heart of the Iranian legal system and calls on us to act for change" -- Amazon.com.