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Status of religious communities -- Relations between the State and Islam -- State support for Islamic religious communities -- Muslims in integration law -- Mosques and prayer houses -- Burial and cemeteries -- Education and schools -- Further and higher (tertiary) education -- Islamic chaplaincy in public institutions -- Employment and social law -- Islamic slaughter and food regulation -- Islamic goods and services -- Islamic dress -- Criminal law -- Family law.

Using the Foucaultian framework, we examine here the basic assumption of the modern and contemporary political order, namely the decisive conception that men are governable. In the genealogical path opened by Michel Foucault we examined the political reworking of what was originally the Judeo-Christian spiritual power of governing souls. For Foucault, the modern political government of men is situated at the intersection of two sets of powers foreshadowed in early Christianity: a) the pastoral art of conducting conduct displaced from the eschatological destination of souls to the calculated management of (biopolitical) biological life and b) the dual production of the knowledge necessary for good governance; the utilitarian production of the truth that serves the pastoral art of government itself and the pure or aleturgical manifestation of the truth with regard to the governable.

The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of reading in the mainly official documents that subsidize the practice of readingin the school context.The work is guided on the assumptions of Applied Linguistics about reading,about dialogical conception of language and research developed in Brazil under this line.Firstofall, it ispointed out theassumptionsaboutReading showed in thenationaldocuments: Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Fundamental (BRASIL, 1998) and Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (BRASIL, 2000); after, theideaspresentedbystatedocuments: Referencial Curricular do Ensino Fundamental das Escolas Públicas do Estado do Tocantins (TOCANTINS, 2009a) and Proposta Curricular do Ensino Médio (TOCANTINS, 2009b). The results of the documentary research show that, in general, in the official documents there is the interactive concept of reading, since reading is conceived as a process that enables dialogue between author, text and reader, contributing to the formation of the critical reader.

O artigo enfoca, pela óptica do direito econômico, as influências das políticas econômicas privadas (basicamente do capital transnacional) e dos entes internacionais sobre as políticas econômicas públicas, especialmente as realizadas pelos Estados em desenvolvimento. Enfatiza a mutação do neoliberalismo de regulamentação para o de regulação como exigência dos poderes econômicos privados, identificando entre os seus resultados o enfraquecimento do Estado e a descrença na democracia. E, ainda, defende a existência de espaços para a execução de ações econômicas endógenas por parte dos Estados Nacionais, a fim de viabilizar a eficácia de suas Constituições econômicas e suprir as carências de seus povos. ; This paper deal with, by Economical Law view, the effects of private economic policy, essentially of foreign capital, and the international organizations above the public economic policy, mainly that politics performed by the development nations. Lay emphasis on the mutation of the regulatory New Liberalism to the regulation as demand of private economic powers, recongnized enter their results: The decline of the State and the unbelief of democracy. Defends existence of spaces for the execution of endogenous economic actions by part of National States, for the purpose of execute effectiveness of their economical constitution and supply the shortage of their people.

ABSTRACT Introduction: This article analyzes the issue of Capacities for the implementation of public policies. The article examines the concepts of state capacity, policy capacities and policy work to analyze the role of bureaucratic roles in the implementation process. The article criticizes the concept of state capacities and advocates a perspective that the analysis of capacities should be focused on the performance of agents for the fulfillment of public policy functions. Materials and methods: Based on a survey analysis with agents of civil service bureaucracy, the article lists the central capacities for the performance of functions necessary for the implementation of public policies. Results: The theoretical finding is that capacity analysis should consider the role of individuals in the performance of policy functions and the organizational context in which they are embedded. Discussion: This article contributes to the literature on bureaucracy and governance in Brazil.KEYWORDS: State Capacities; Policy Capacities; Policy Work; Public Policy; Civil Service.

In many texts, Buffon, resuming Locke's conceptions, is in favor of the idea of a natural conjugal bond existing between man and woman. Rousseau, otherwise, critiques this idea. He assumes a state where men and women would live under certain conditions in which no relations (to each other) would be possible. Therefore, they would not be coerced into reciprocal duties and obligations, living in a state of absolute dispersion and isolation. To establish his theory, Buffon needs to burst with Rousseau. The main objective of this article is to elaborate and discuss the content of this rupture.