Suchergebnisse

Golden Horn (Istanbul, Turkey); transportation (sea); history; 1909-1941

AbstractThis article analyzes the efforts to regenerate Istanbul's urban waterfront area of Haliç (the Golden Horn), since the mid‐1980s, from the perspective of the actors involved and their power dynamics. It uses as examples three projects: the Fener‐Balat neighborhood rehabilitation, Feshane Cultural Center, and Rahmi M. Koç Museum initiatives. It argues that the case of Haliç cannot be understood through concepts such as the public‐private partnerships, intense processes of urban entrepreneurialism, gentrification etc., which have often explained the experience of the North American and Western European city. Instead, this process has been shaped by a top‐down initiative on the part of public sector actors initially, and a lack of private sector involvement, ambivalent public sector actors and reluctant local communities subsequently. One needs to highlight the particularities of the institutional arrangements and urban politics at the district, city and national levels in order to explain the case of Haliç. These concern low amounts of self‐generated revenue in district and metropolitan municipalities, the specificities to be found in the local community–municipality relations in Istanbul, the presence of a relatively weak private sector in Turkey and, finally, the unfavorable market position of Haliç more generally and the projects in question more specifically.RésuméLes efforts de régénération du front de mer d'Istanbul entrepris dans sa partie urbaine de Haliç (la Corne d'Or) depuis le milieu des années 1980 sont analysés du point de vue des acteurs impliqués et de leurs dynamiques de pouvoir. Ce travail s'appuie sur trois projets: la réhabilitation du quartier de Fener‐Balat, ainsi que les initiatives du Centre culturel Feshane et du Musée Rahmi M. Koç. Apparemment, le cas de Haliç ne peut être appréhendé dans le cadre de concepts tels que les partenariats public‐privé, les approches d'urbanisme de type entrepreneurial, la gentrification, etc., lesquels ont souvent expliqué l'expérience de la ville nord‐américaine ou ouest‐européenne. Au contraire, le processus est marqué, au départ, par une démarche directive de la part d'acteurs du secteur public, puis par une absence d'implication du secteur privé, par des acteurs indécis du secteur public et par des communautés locales réticentes. Pour expliquer le cas de Haliç, il faut souligner les particularités des dispositifs institutionnels et de la politique urbaine au niveau de l'arrondissement, de la ville et du pays. Celles‐ci concernent le faible niveau des recettes auto‐générées dans les municipalités d'arrondissement ou de la métropole, les spécificités propres aux relations entre municipalité et communauté locale à Istanbul, la présence d'un secteur privé relativement effacé en Turquie et, pour finir, la position défavorable sur le marché propre à Haliç de manière générale, et aux projets en question plus spécifiquement.

Cities are places where human needs such as: settlement, residential accommodation, work places, recreation and entertainment are satisfied, services are provided. Social and cultural aspects of the city are the most important features which are in a continuous development. Urban identity in this respect is very vital for cities in order to survive as a living organism and provide livable environment for the urbanites. As a world metropolis Istanbul is a unique city with her natural environment, historical and archeological heritage and very vivid socio-cultural life. These features provide a rich identity and at the same time allow for a powerful urban image. Her silhouette created by physical elements and historical architecture is very impressive. Golden Horn being a gulf along the Bosphorus is an important element of the urban physical structure and has a special role in the historical and cultural life of Istanbul. Within the comprehensive image of the metropolitan Istanbul, it is a sub-region with strong elements of identity. These elements can be identified by the data related to the natural, cultural and human environment. Golden Horn sub-region should be evaluated after a meticulous assessment of the touristic potential, quality of urban services provided and a comprehensive investigation on the sub-regional identity. During the last two decades local governments have frequently displayed a fragmented approach in the preparation of area developmental plans without any research on identity. One of the main objectives of this study is to provide a comprehensive investigation on the identity elements in order to constitute a base for future improvement and physical planning studies. Another important aim of the study is the definition or delimitation of an historical sub-region of Istanbul. The end products of this study will help to determine the policies and plans to enhance the economic base of the area, to define the physical, cultural and social elements of the identity of the Golden Horn region.

The revitalization of former industrial areas has been one of the crucial tasks of urban policy agenda throughout the world since the mid 1970s; whereas heritage industry has become the new orthodoxy in the shift from production to consumption as means for the restructuring and reimaging of post-industrial economies in the global order. The increasing tendency to link heritage and conservation with economic development has brought new meanings to cultural assets, the value of which has started to be related solely to the economic value it sustains or generates. The commodification and instrumentalization of industrial heritage by the heritage industry, in particular, has turned out to be the determining factor for creating opportunity spaces in the post-industrial areas. At the same time, many academics are critical on the attempts to reform post-industrial spaces of consumption with privatized spaces and commodified cultures. Within this context, the paper attempts to evaluate the role and the impact of heritage industry in the revitalisation of the post-industrial spaces of Istanbul, with a case study on the Golden Horn. The results of the paper are related to the following questions: What role the industrial heritage play in the revitalisation of historic environments? What are the ways to turn such industrial heritage into sources of social and economic development? What are the likely impacts on the local economy and local community? The conclusion gives an overview of the extent of the impacts that industrial heritage has on the Golden Horn, and in turn relates this back to the wider idea of heritage industry being promoted for the urban policymaking in Istanbul. ; Endüstri alanlarının dönüşümünün 1970'lerden itibaren kentsel politika gündeminin önemli ve öncelikli tartışma konularından biri haline gelmesi ile birlikte endüstri mirası, endüstriye dayalı ekonomilerin üretimden tüketim ekonomisine doğru yeniden yapılandırılmasında anahtar görev üstlenmektedir. Mirasın ekonomik gelişme ile ilişkilendirilmesine yönelik artan eğilim ile birlikte mirasa yeni anlamlar yüklenmekte ve miras, değeri sadece yarattığı ekonomik değer ile ölçülen bir meta halini almaktadır. Özellikle endüstri mirasının miras endüstri bağlamında metalaştırılması ve araçsallaştırılması, eski endüstri alanlarının dönüşümünde ve yeni olanak mekânları olarak sunulmasında belirleyici rol üstlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda makale, Haliç örneği üzerinden İstanbul'un eski endüstri alanlarının canlandırılmasında miras endüstrisinin rolünü ve etkisini değerlendirmektedir. Makale şu sorulara yanıt aramaktadır: Tarihi çevrelerin canlandırılmasında endüstri mirasının rolü nedir? Endüstri mirasını sosyal ve ekonomik gelişme kaynağı haline getiren çözümler nelerdir? Bu sürecin yerel halk ve ekonomi üzerindeki etkileri nelerdir? Sonuç, endüstri mirasının Haliç üzerindeki olası etkilerini sorgulamakta ve bunu İstanbul'un kentsel politikaları ile miras endüstrisi çerçevesinde ilişkilendirmektedir.

Die Literatur spiegelt in Werken die Spuren der Kultur, der sie zugehört, wider und ist beauftragt der Gesellschaft Richtung zu geben. Deshalb zeigen literarische Werke die geschichtliche, soziale, wirtschaftliche Seite und Kenntnisse vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Zeit. Durch Migrationserfahrungen wird literarischen Genres ein neues literarisches Genre hinzugefügt, nämlich 'die Migrantenliteratur'. Obwohl die Migrantenliteratur andere politisch-historische Hintergründe in sich trägt, kommt es in ihrem Kontext zu ähnlichen Bildern und Problemstellungen des Eigenen und des Fremden. Die Zahl der Schriftstellerinnen in diesem Genre der Literatur ist gering, aber Emin Sevgi Özdamar ist eine weltweit berühmte Schriftstellerin. Özdamars Erfolg ist darin zu sehen, dass sie Wörter, Sprüche und Redewendungen aus ihrer Muttersprache unmittelbar ins Deutsche überträgt. Das Erzählverfahren von Özdamar ist von interkulturellen Bezügen hinsichtlich der deutschen und der türkischen Kultur geprägt. Genau aus diesen Gründen sollen in der vorliegenden Studie die Sichtweise von Frauen, Frauenbildern, verschiedenen weiblichen Rollen in der deutschen und türkischen Gesellschaft im Roman 'Die Brücke vom goldenen Horn' von Emine Sevgi Özdamar, einer weltweit bekannten Autorin, analysiert werden. Es wird beabsichtigt, aus dem Blickwinkel einer Schriftstellerin aufzuzeigen, wie sich die Frauenbilder in den Jahren 1966-1975 in Deutschland und in der Türkei darstellten, ob es Unterschiede zwischen den zwei Kulturen gab und vor welchem geschichtlichen und sozialen Hintergrund die Frau, die im Mittelpunkt steht, lebte. ; Through its works, literature reflects the traces of the culture to which they belong and have been nominated to direct society. That is why, literary works show the historical, social, and economic side, and the knowledge about the background of era. Migration experiences add a new literary genre to literary types, such as 'the migrant literature'. Although migrant literature preserves other political and historical backgrounds, similar images and problems of its own and the foreign ones arise in the context. The number of female writers in this genre of literature is quite low but Emine Sevgi Özdamar is one of the well-known worldwide authors. Özdamar's achievement can be observed in the fact that she directly translates words, sayings and idiomatic expressions from her mother tongue into German. Her narrative process is characterized by intercultural references to German and Turkish culture. For these reasons, this study intends to analyze the perspectives and images of women, and various female roles in German and Turkish societies mentioned in the novel 'The Bridge of the Golden Horn' by Emine Sevgi Özdamar. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to demonstrate how the images of women were used to be in Germany and Turkey between the years of 1966-1975; whether there were differences in between two cultures, and how the historical and social situation were presented from a woman writer's point of view.

As of 1980s, cities begun to question their position and role in the global system with growing competition among global cities and their intramural relationships. In this context, the combination of urban regeneration and cultural policies has become one of the major processing tools that exposes the socio-economic changes in urban space and renews and/or creates an image of the city, Furthermore, the positioning of public and private actors in the decision making process is one of the important issues which differentiates projects, their socio-economic effects and the degree of integration of the projects in the transformation process. Urban regeneration, the magic word in the 2000s, became one of the main tools that public actors rely on in order to transform Istanbul. The Golden Horn is one of the important areas where we see how cultural policies and urban regeneration combine in urban areas and the regeneration process differs based on breaking points that depend on the position of public and private actors. First, this thesis shows that experiences of culture-led urban regeneration of Istanbul and Golden Horn have similarities to international experience, however we also note that they differentiate significantly at certain points because of the positioning of the actors in the decision-making process, disconnection and discontinuity of overall vision of public actors Second, the analysis explains how culture has been integrated into the image of Istanbul through urban regeneration projects developed by this vision although these projects are isolated in urban space that brings a socio-economic disconnection. ; Depuis 1980, les villes ont commencé à questionner leur position et leur rôle dans le système mondial avec la croissance de la compétition entre les villes mondiales ainsi que leurs relations intra-muros. La combinaison des politiques de régénération urbaine et culturelle est devenue l'un des outils de transformation important qui expose des changements socio-économique dans l'espace urbain et ...

As of 1980s, cities begun to question their position and role in the global system with growing competition among global cities and their intramural relationships. In this context, the combination of urban regeneration and cultural policies has become one of the major processing tools that exposes the socio-economic changes in urban space and renews and/or creates an image of the city, Furthermore, the positioning of public and private actors in the decision making process is one of the important issues which differentiates projects, their socio-economic effects and the degree of integration of the projects in the transformation process. Urban regeneration, the magic word in the 2000s, became one of the main tools that public actors rely on in order to transform Istanbul. The Golden Horn is one of the important areas where we see how cultural policies and urban regeneration combine in urban areas and the regeneration process differs based on breaking points that depend on the position of public and private actors. First, this thesis shows that experiences of culture-led urban regeneration of Istanbul and Golden Horn have similarities to international experience, however we also note that they differentiate significantly at certain points because of the positioning of the actors in the decision-making process, disconnection and discontinuity of overall vision of public actors Second, the analysis explains how culture has been integrated into the image of Istanbul through urban regeneration projects developed by this vision although these projects are isolated in urban space that brings a socio-economic disconnection. ; Depuis 1980, les villes ont commencé à questionner leur position et leur rôle dans le système mondial avec la croissance de la compétition entre les villes mondiales ainsi que leurs relations intra-muros. La combinaison des politiques de régénération urbaine et culturelle est devenue l'un des outils de transformation important qui expose des changements socio-économique dans l'espace urbain et renouvelle ou/et constitue l'image de la ville. Ainsi la différenciation des stratégies d'application de ces politiques apparaît aussi très profondément dans le positionnement des acteurs lors du processus décisionnel. La régénération urbaine, le mot magique depuis les années 2000, est devenu l'un des principaux outils sur lequel les acteurs s'appuient pour transformer Istanbul. Ainsi, la Corne d'Or est un quartier où nous voyons comment les politiques culturelles et de régénération urbaine se combinent dans l'espace urbain et comment le processus de régénération se différencie en fonction des points de rupture du positionnement des acteurs publics et privés. Nos analyses montrent, dans un premier temps, que les expériences de la régénération urbaine liée à la culture comportent des similitudes par rapports aux autres expériences internationales mais qu'elles demeurent néanmoins différentes à cause du positionnement des acteurs dans le processus décisionnel. Dans un second temps, ils expliquent comment la culture a été intégrée dans l'image d'Istanbul par l'intermédiaire des plans d'urbanisme alors que les projets de régénération nourrit par cette vision restent isolés dans l'espace urbain qui amènent donc une déconnexion socio-économique.

As of 1980s, cities begun to question their position and role in the global system with growing competition among global cities and their intramural relationships. In this context, the combination of urban regeneration and cultural policies has become one of the major processing tools that exposes the socio-economic changes in urban space and renews and/or creates an image of the city, Furthermore, the positioning of public and private actors in the decision making process is one of the important issues which differentiates projects, their socio-economic effects and the degree of integration of the projects in the transformation process. Urban regeneration, the magic word in the 2000s, became one of the main tools that public actors rely on in order to transform Istanbul. The Golden Horn is one of the important areas where we see how cultural policies and urban regeneration combine in urban areas and the regeneration process differs based on breaking points that depend on the position of public and private actors. First, this thesis shows that experiences of culture-led urban regeneration of Istanbul and Golden Horn have similarities to international experience, however we also note that they differentiate significantly at certain points because of the positioning of the actors in the decision-making process, disconnection and discontinuity of overall vision of public actors Second, the analysis explains how culture has been integrated into the image of Istanbul through urban regeneration projects developed by this vision although these projects are isolated in urban space that brings a socio-economic disconnection. ; Depuis 1980, les villes ont commencé à questionner leur position et leur rôle dans le système mondial avec la croissance de la compétition entre les villes mondiales ainsi que leurs relations intra-muros. La combinaison des politiques de régénération urbaine et culturelle est devenue l'un des outils de transformation important qui expose des changements socio-économique dans l'espace urbain et renouvelle ou/et constitue l'image de la ville. Ainsi la différenciation des stratégies d'application de ces politiques apparaît aussi très profondément dans le positionnement des acteurs lors du processus décisionnel. La régénération urbaine, le mot magique depuis les années 2000, est devenu l'un des principaux outils sur lequel les acteurs s'appuient pour transformer Istanbul. Ainsi, la Corne d'Or est un quartier où nous voyons comment les politiques culturelles et de régénération urbaine se combinent dans l'espace urbain et comment le processus de régénération se différencie en fonction des points de rupture du positionnement des acteurs publics et privés. Nos analyses montrent, dans un premier temps, que les expériences de la régénération urbaine liée à la culture comportent des similitudes par rapports aux autres expériences internationales mais qu'elles demeurent néanmoins différentes à cause du positionnement des acteurs dans le processus décisionnel. Dans un second temps, ils expliquent comment la culture a été intégrée dans l'image d'Istanbul par l'intermédiaire des plans d'urbanisme alors que les projets de régénération nourrit par cette vision restent isolés dans l'espace urbain qui amènent donc une déconnexion socio-économique.