Suchergebnisse

Relying on the works of Jasbir Puar and Marchal, the chapter explores the locus where sexuality, specifically the formation of masculinity, intersects with religious conflict, notably in the formation of late antique religious radicalism, using the homilies of John Chrysostom as a case in point. In a study engaging with religious conflict and notions of "just peace" in Augustine's thought, Serena Sharma highlights the importance of identifying, problematising, and addressing historical discursive grey zones. Inclusion is a very important feature in the operations of sexual exceptionalism and religious conflict. Two important strategies are at play in the sexual exceptionalism of religious conflict, namely inclusion, and teratogenisation. Chrysostom meticulously constructs the sexual perversity of his opponents in contrast to the sexual exceptionalism of his own group. The formation of masculinity in terms of sexual exceptionalism and perversity therefore has a leading role in religious conflict.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Editor's Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Chapter One: Paradise Lost: Creation, Fall, and Marriage -- Augustine, On the Good of Marriage -- Augustine, Literal Commentary on Genesis -- Ambrose, On Paradise -- John Chrysostom, Discourse 4 on Genesis -- John Chrysostom, Discourse 2 on Genesis -- John Chrysostom, The Kind of Women Who Ought To Be Taken As Wives -- Irenaeus, Against Heresies -- Tertullian, On the Dress of Women -- Augustine, Literal Commentary on Genesis -- Ambrose, On Paradise -- John Chrysostom, Homily 26 on I Corinthians -- John Chrysostom, Discourse 4 on Genesis -- Augustine, The City of God -- Clement of Alexandria, Miscellanies -- Augustine, On Marriage and Concupiscence -- Augustine, On the Good of Marriage -- Augustine, On the Sermon on the Mount -- Augustine, Epistle 262 -- Tertullian, Exhortation to His Wife -- John Chrysostom, Homily 12 on I Corinthians -- John Chrysostom, Homily 5 on I Thessalonians -- John Chrysostom, Homily 19 on I Corinthians -- Chapter Two: Women Endangered: The Apocryphal Acts and Martyrdom -- Acts of Paul and Thecla -- Acts of John -- The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas -- Ambrose, On Virgins -- Prudentius, Crowns of Martyrdom -- Chapter Three: Paradise Regained: Asceticism in Theory and Practice -- Methodius, The Banquet -- Gregory of Nyssa, On Virginity -- John Chrysostom, On Virginity -- Jerome, Against Jovinian -- Jerome, Epistle 22 -- Palladius, Lausiac History -- Jerome, Epistle 108 -- Augustine, Epistle 211 -- Caesarius of Arles, Rules for the Holy Virgins -- John Chrysostom, On the Necessity of Guarding Virginity -- Tertullian, Exhortation to Chastity -- Tertullian, On Monogamy -- John Chrysostom, On Not Marrying Again -- Chapter Four: Women in the Wider World

Attempting to present the teaching of St. John Chrysostom about fasting, we must specify from the very beginning that this holy father does not ascribe the fasting a medical and culinary meaning, in the sense of diet change or variation of foods, but a spiritual meaning. In the spiritual sense, fasting is not a mere moral exercise of willpower and control of the physical passions and urges, but a freely accepted sacrifice out of love and respect to God. The man who loves God is happy to offer Him this sacrifice, which consists of renouncing food, drink and amusement, games, and, first and foremost sin. Such a believer does not darken his face but maintains his good mood, showing people the joy emerging from fasting, because naturally, anyone feels joy when he makes an act of charity and sacrifice for the person he loves, for God who is love (I John, IV, 16). And the sacrifice from love is discrete, it wants to remain unknown to others. This sacrifice for God is a fountain of indescribable gifts for each faster. Fasting is the abstinence of all urges, all senses, all physical impulses so that you can hear God, so you can feel God in your heart. This is fasting according to St. John Chrysostom: a process of purification of body and soul, so that God may dwell in our being. Fasting is the discipline that makes the life of Christ blossom within us.

The New Testament period -- Injustice or God's will? : early Christian explanations of poverty / Steven J. Friesen -- "Be not one who stretches out hands to receive but shuts them when it comes to giving :" envisioning Christian charity when both donors and recipients are poor / Denise Kimber Buell -- James 2:2/7 in early Christian thought / George K. Hasselhoff -- Wealth, poverty, and the value of the person : some notes on the hymn of the pearl and its early Christian context / Edward Moore -- Egypt in late antiquity -- Widening the eye of the needle : wealth and poverty in the works of Clement of Alexandria / Annewies van den Hoek -- Care for the poor, fear of poverty, and love of money : Evagrius Ponticus on the monk's economic vulnerability / David Brakke -- Wine for widows : papyrological evidence for Christian charity in late antiquity Egypt / Adam Serfass -- Rich and poor in sophronius of Jerusalem's miracles of Saints Cyrus and John / Susan R. Holman -- John Chrysostom, the Cappadocians, and friends -- This sweetest passage : Matthew 25:31/46 and assistance to the poor in the homilies of John Chrysostom / Rudolf Brendle -- Poverty and generosity toward the poor in the time of John Chrysostom / Wendy Mayer -- Poverty and wealth as theater : John Chrysostom's homilies on Lazarus and the rich man / Francine Cardman -- Wealthy and impoverished widows in the writings of St. John Chrysostom / Efthalia Makris Walsh -- The hellenic background and nature of patristic philanthropy in the early Byzantine era / Demetrios J. Constantelos -- Wealth, trade, and profit in early Byzantium -- Gilding the lily : a patristic defense of liturgical splendor / A. Edward siecienski -- Wealth, stewardship, and charitable "blessings" in early Byzantine monasticism / Daniel Caner -- Trade, profit, and salvation in the late patristic and the Byzantine period / Angeliki E. Laiou -- Patristic studies for today -- St. Basil's philanthropic program and modern microlending -- Strategies for economic self-actualization / Timothy Patitsas -- The use of patristic socioethical texts in Catholic social thought / Brian Matz

This article aims to present a significant episode in the history of migrations in Europe: the passage of the Visigoths into the Roman Empire south of the Danube (376 A.D.) and their transformation from afflicted refugees into fearsome insurgents. Beyond this spectacular evolution, the author evaluates the position of the Church and the attitude of Bishop John Chrysostom towards these migrants in a context in which xenophobic feelings have reached a climax.

An Orthodox Christian view of non-Christian religions -- The liturgy as self-definition and the religious other -- The people of God : an Orthodox perspective -- Reconciliation of peoples : the challenge for the church -- Recent patriarchal encyclicals on religious tolerance and peaceful coexistence -- Temple and universe : the Christian vision of the sacred -- St. John Chrysostom on social responsibility -- Religion, politics, and society : an Orthodox perspective -- Global vision and religious conviction : an Orthodox Christian reflection on globalization -- An Orthodox reflection on truth & tolerance -- Historic views on salvation outside the church -- Modern Orthodox theologians on salvation outside the church

Flight during times of persecution has a long and fraught history in early Christianity. In the third century, bishops who fled were cowards or, worse yet, heretics. On the face of it, it meant denial of Christ and thus betrayal of the faith and its community. But, by the fourth century, the terms of persecution changed as Christianity became the favored cult of the Roman Empire. Prominent Christians who fled and hence survived became founders and influencers of Christianity over time. Bishops in Flight examines the various ways these episcopal leaders both appealed to and altered the discourse of Christian flight to defend their status as purveyors of Christian truth even when their exiles appeared to condemn them. It illuminates how profoundly Christian authors deployed theological discourse and the rhetoric of heresy to respond to the phenomenal political instability of the fourth and fifth centuries.

Introduction. John of Gaza is the only known grammarian poet who belongs to the cultural environment of the Gaza School. His work "Description of the Сosmic Table" is a unique extant poetic work that corresponds to the ancient literary genre. Despite the final Christianization of Gaza at the end of the 4th century, the classical elements did not outlive their usefulness. The poem by John of Gaza written in the genre of ekphrasis is a vivid example of this phenomenon. The author actively appealed to the works of ancient authors and to a lesser extent to the Christian works when he created his poem. Therefore, the main purpose of our study is to identify sources – exact quotes, expressions that can be identified in another work – paraphrased or repeated verbatim.

Methods. The author conducts his research on the basis of the historical and comparative method, which allows to compare the work of John of Gaza with the works of other authors. Thus, it allows to reveal the sources used in the poem.

Analysis. The author in his work divides conditionally cited authors into ancient and Christian, and also argues the thesis that the works of the former occupy an important place as a source of borrowings.

Results. Based on the analysis, the author identified four main characteristics that clearly indicate the echoes of the cultural heritage of antiquity. Interpretation and understanding of allegorical and Christian images in Early Byzantium with the help of Homer, Nonne of Panopolis, Aristophanes, Menander, etc. still occupied an important place in the life of the Gazans. The citation of Christian authors, first of all John Chrysostom, is explained by the historical time associated with the transformation of religious consciousness. In general, it can be noted that the poem of the Byzantine poet John of Gaza is a "fusion" of ancient heritage and Christian doctrine.