Suchergebnisse

Introduction. The use of technical means for copyright protection is regulated not only in Rus- sian legislation, but also in foreign and international law. It means that the international concept of intel- lectual property protection could be perceived differ- ently by foreign jurisdictions, which, in turn, is of special scientific interest. The foundations of legal regulation are laid down in international treaties, which in the intellectual property law are tools that contain substantive rules of law. The provisions of such treaties are implemented in the national (supra- national) legislation, and, therefore, become part of them and subject to additions. The article is devoted to the study of international legal regulation of the use of technical means for copyright protection. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research consists of the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes: dialectical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, formal-logical, structural-func- tional. Results of the study. The authors found that attempts to protect copyright using technology available at every stage of history were undertaken by individual countries, beginning from the second half of the 19th century. However technical means of protection received legal regulation at the inter- national level relatively recently, the prerequisite for that was the rapid development of digital information technologies. Analysis of international legal norms in the field of legal regulation of technical means of copyright protection has shown that at present in- ternational legal regulation is of a general nature, providing each of the states at the national level with ample opportunities for legal concretization of gen-eral norms. However, recently the Internet treaties of WIPO recognized for the first time not only the ad- visability of the use of technical means of protection, but also the obligation prohibiting circumvention of such protection technologies, and therefore national legislations should contain provisions regulating the circumvention of such protection technologies.Discussion and Conclusions. The introduc- tion of international law with regard to the use of the protection technologies, despite their general and abstract nature, has given a serious impetus to the establishment of legal regulation of this institution at the national level. At the same time, the rules governing the use of the protection technologies in the near future will require greater unification and concretization due to the rapid development of digi- tal information technologies, blurring the borders between states in terms of disseminating the results of intellectual activity, and also in order to avoid a multiplicity of interpretation of law and to ensure ef- fective legal regulation and protection of copyright. ; Введение. Использование технических средств защиты авторских прав ре- гламентируется не только в российском законодательстве, но и в праве зару- бежном и международном. Это означает, что иностранными юрисдикциями по-разному могла быть воспринята международная концепция защиты интел- лектуальных прав, что, в свою очередь, представляет особый научный интерес. Основы правовой регламентации заложены в международных договорах, кото- рые в праве интеллектуальной собственности являются инструментарием, содержащим материальные нормы права. Положения таких договоров импле- ментируются в национальное (наднациональное) законодательство, а, зна- чит, становятся их частью и дополняются. Статья посвящена исследованию международно-правового регулирования использования технических средств за- щиты авторских прав. Материалы и методы. Методологическую основу исследования составили следующие общенаучные и специальные методы познания правовых явлений и процессов: диалектический, формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, формально-логический, структурно-функциональный. Результаты исследования. В рамках проведенного исследования автора- ми было установлено, что попытки защиты авторских прав с помощью из- вестных на каждом этапе истории технических средств предпринимались отдельными странами, начиная со второй половины XIX века. Между тем, правовую регламентацию на международном уровне, предпосылками установ- ления которой явилось бурное развитие цифровых информационных техноло- гий, технические средства защиты получили относительно недавно. Анализ международно-правовых норм в области правового регулирования технических средств защиты авторских прав показал, что в настоящее время международно- правовое регулирование носит общий характер, предоставляющий каждому из государств на национальном уровне достаточно широкие возможности для юридической конкретизации общих норм. Вместе с тем, в Интернет-договорах ВОИС впервые была признана не только целесообразность применения техни- ческих средств защиты, но и принято обязательство, связанное с запретом обхода таких средств, в связи с чем национальное законодательство должно со- держать соответствующие положения.Обсуждение и заключениe. Введение международно-правовых норм в от- ношении применения технических средств защиты, несмотря на их общий и абстрактный характер, дало серьезный толчок для установления правовой ре- гламентации данного института на государственном уровне. Вместе с тем, в связи с бурным развитием цифровых информационных технологий, стираю- щих границы между государствами в части распространения результатов ин- теллектуальной деятельности, а также во избежание множественности тол- кования права и эффективного правового регулирования и защиты авторских прав, нормы, регулирующие применение технических средств защиты, возмож- но, в скором будущем потребуют большей унификации и конкретизации.

The subject. The paper deals with the search for the place of judicial administrative procedural law in the system of Russian law.The purpose of the paper is to identify is the judicial administrative procedural law an independent branch of Russian law.Methodology. The author uses the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as dialectic approach. The formal-legal interpretation of the Code of Administrative Proceedings, the Code of Administrative Offences, the Commercial Procedure Code, the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and is also used.The main results and scope of their application. The adoption of the Code of Administrative Proceedings in Russia in 2015 revealed many problems in science and legislation. A legislative decision to adopt the Code of Administrative Proceedings is considered as a political decision taken without a proper scientific basis and contrary to established scientific doctrine. Definitions of such basic concepts as "administrative process", "administrative dispute", "administrative justice", and others have not been developed in the period up to 2015 and to date, There is a mention of "administrative legal proceedings" as one of the types, along with civil, criminal and constitutional types of legal proceedings, in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. But administrative procedural legislation is referred to the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in contrast to other procedural laws, in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Representatives of the science of civil procedural law, with reference to legal theorists, called judicial administrative procedural law (which is referred to the Code of Administrative Proceedings) the secondary formation, a sub - branch of the fundamental (profiling) branch of civil procedural law. The purpose of judicial administrative procedural law – enforcement of substantive law and conflict resolution in the field of administrative and other public relations. It is noted that the public-legal dispute is not limited to the interaction of the citizen with the executive power. Civil procedural regulation of judicial review of cases arising from public relations is a procedural mechanism of judicial protection of constitutional rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The Code of Administrative Proceedings lowers the status of cases arising from public legal relations to the status of cases arising from administrative legal relations. Representatives of the science of administrative law and procedure, on the contrary, believe that the adoption of the Code of Administrative Proceedings becomes the final act in the formation of a new branch of law – administrative judicial law, although it is a political decision and it's rules are practically copied from the Civil Procedure Code. At the same time, it is recognized that the Code of Administrative Proceedings needs scientific support, which still needs to be created. An alarming factor is the fact that some scientists propose to include cases concerning imposition of administrative sanctions in the this forming branch of law, although it mixes in fact disputes between individuals and a public entity and imposition of administrative sanctions to the offender by the court.Conclusions. It is premature to say that judicial administrative procedural law has emerged as an independent branch of Russian law. Prospects for further development of administrative proceedings are very uncertain due to the high proportion of subjective, political factors in the legislative process. ; Рассматривается поэтапное движение законодательства и научной мысли от неупорядоченного выделения «административных» дел, рассматриваемых судом, к единым процессуальным правилам. Обосновывается авторская точка зрения, что полярные мнения в науке, в совокупности с противоречивыми и непоследовательными действиями законодателя, в настоящее время не позволяют утверждать о наличии новой отрасли права, предметом которой стало бы рассмотрение различных административных дел. Одного лишь законодательного шага – принятия Кодекса административного судопроизводства – при существующей терминологической путанице, неопределенности с предметом и методами регулирования, недостаточно для утверждения новой отрасли права.

The article is devoted to the problems of the ideological impact of the law on social processes. The law should have an educational impact on society, this should be a priority for the development of legislation.

Рассматривается значение международно-правовой политики, основанной на нормах международного права, и задачтакой политики в жизни современного общества. Делаетсявывод о том, что взаимодействие внутригосударственногои международного права не только должно оказывать благотворное влияние на национальное законодательство, но ифактически менять всю правовую систему путем имплементации международно-правовых норм в национальныхправовых системах. ; The author considers the importance of international law policy,based on the norms of international law, and tasks of this policyin the life of modern society. As a result of the research, theauthor comes to the conclusion that the interaction of domesticand international law, will have a positive impact not only onnational legislation, but actually to change the whole law systemof states through the implementation of international law normsin the national law system.

The focus of this paper is a necessity for law-students not only to master professional legal knowledge, but also knowledge and skills in the management of corporations and enterprises. This issue is particularly relevant for the course of European law, as well as for the corresponding master's degree programs «Jurisprudence». Key attention is paid to the necessity of including such academic disciplines for students as the topic «Corporate governance» and the theme «Corporate Law» into the magister program of two diplomas «European and International Law» for the universities of Eastern Europe. In this context, development of corporate governance in Central Europe and Russia is compared; the problems of such management in the Russian economy are designated. The aim of this study is analysis and systematization of theoretical and methodological aspects, as well as practical guidance in the development of teaching and studying of corporate governance in high law schools and colleges. To achieve this task the following objectives were: to analyze the basic acting model of legal education and modern educational technologies necessary for the implementation of the system of higher education; organize and summarize the theoretical and methodical bases of corporate governance, its principles; define the role corporate governance in the implementation of business activity, as well as to compare its role in Russia and Central Europe; explore the practical importance of training in the field of corporate law Methods. The research is based on the dialectic method regulating legislative norms, including the corporate right and activity of managing subjects. The retrospective analysis of pedagogical achievements and forecasting were used. Results. Working models of the juridical education and the modern educational technologies are considered in the present paper. Such models help promote systemization and generalisation of leading positions of a corporate governance, and its principles. The corporate governance role in realisation of enterprise activity in Russia and the Central Europe is defined. The role of corporate law course in the curriculum of higher legal education and the practical significance development of the given subject for the future experts-lawyers is shown. Scientific novelty. The value of teaching and learning issues of corporate governance in the course of legal institutions and higher educational institutions is reviewed and analyzed for the first time with regard to the new initiative of the international double degree program among the members of the consortium of several universities in Russia and Central and Eastern Europe. Practical significance. The research findings and results of the study can be used as for the development of both the level of students' knowledge and expand the professional level of teachers' skills, as well as to solve the problems of improvement of corporate management business entity of any organizational-legal form, in which the functions are separated by ownership and management ; В статье утверждается, что, кроме профессиональных правовых знаний, у студентов-юристов следует формировать знания и навыки в сфере управления корпорациями и предприятиями. Такая задача должна быть одной из приоритетных при изучении курса европейского права и освоении магистерских программ направления «Юриспруденция», особенно в свете международной магистерской программы двойных дипломов «Европейское и международное право», осуществляющейся в университетах Восточной Европы. Акцентируется различие корпоративного управления в Центральной Европе и в России и специфика такого управления в российской экономике. Целями описанного в публикации исследования стали анализ и систематизация теоретических и методологических аспектов обучения основам корпоративного управления в юридических вузах, а также выработка практических рекомендаций преподавателям, читающим курс «Корпоративное право». Методика и методы. Работа базировалась на диалектическом методе, регулирующем законодательные нормы, в том числе корпоративное право и деятельность хозяйствующих субъектов. Использовались ретроспективный анализ педагогических достижений и прогнозирование. Основные результаты. Рассмотрены действующие модели юридического образования и современные образовательные технологии, способствующие систематизации и обобщению ведущих положений корпоративного управления, его принципов. Определена роль корпоративного управления в осуществлении предпринимательской деятельности в России и Центральной Европе. Показана роль курса корпоративного права в учебных планах высшего юридического образования и практическая значимость освоения данного предмета для будущих специалистов-юристов. Научная новизна. Впервые проведен сравнительный анализ преподавания иизучения корпоративного управления ввузах России, Центральной и Восточной Европы. Практическая значимость. Результаты и выводы могут быть использованы как для развития компетенций студентов, так и повышения профессионального уровня преподавателей, а также для усовершенствования корпоративного управления хозяйствующим субъектом любой организационно-правовой формы, в которой разделены функции владения и управления

The focus of this paper is a necessity for law-students not only to master professional legal knowledge, but also knowledge and skills in the management of corporations and enterprises. This issue is particularly relevant for the course of European law, as well as for the corresponding master's degree programs «Jurisprudence». Key attention is paid to the necessity of including such academic disciplines for students as the topic «Corporate governance» and the theme «Corporate Law» into the magister program of two diplomas «European and International Law» for the universities of Eastern Europe. In this context, development of corporate governance in Central Europe and Russia is compared; the problems of such management in the Russian economy are designated. The aim of this study is analysis and systematization of theoretical and methodological aspects, as well as practical guidance in the development of teaching and studying of corporate governance in high law schools and colleges. To achieve this task the following objectives were: to analyze the basic acting model of legal education and modern educational technologies necessary for the implementation of the system of higher education; organize and summarize the theoretical and methodical bases of corporate governance, its principles; define the role corporate governance in the implementation of business activity, as well as to compare its role in Russia and Central Europe; explore the practical importance of training in the field of corporate law Methods. The research is based on the dialectic method regulating legislative norms, including the corporate right and activity of managing subjects. The retrospective analysis of pedagogical achievements and forecasting were used. Results. Working models of the juridical education and the modern educational technologies are considered in the present paper. Such models help promote systemization and generalisation of leading positions of a corporate governance, and its principles. The corporate governance role in realisation of enterprise activity in Russia and the Central Europe is defined. The role of corporate law course in the curriculum of higher legal education and the practical significance development of the given subject for the future experts-lawyers is shown. Scientific novelty. The value of teaching and learning issues of corporate governance in the course of legal institutions and higher educational institutions is reviewed and analyzed for the first time with regard to the new initiative of the international double degree program among the members of the consortium of several universities in Russia and Central and Eastern Europe. Practical significance. The research findings and results of the study can be used as for the development of both the level of students' knowledge and expand the professional level of teachers' skills, as well as to solve the problems of improvement of corporate management business entity of any organizational-legal form, in which the functions are separated by ownership and management. ; В статье утверждается, что, кроме профессиональных правовых знаний, у студентов-юристов следует формировать знания и навыки в сфере управления корпорациями и предприятиями. Такая задача должна быть одной из приоритетных при изучении курса европейского права и освоении магистерских программ направления «Юриспруденция», особенно в свете международной магистерской программы двойных дипломов «Европейское и международное право», осуществляющейся в университетах Восточной Европы. Акцентируется различие корпоративного управления в Центральной Европе и в России и специфика такого управления в российской экономике. Целями описанного в публикации исследования стали анализ и систематизация теоретических и методологических аспектов обучения основам корпоративного управления в юридических вузах, а также выработка практических рекомендаций преподавателям, читающим курс «Корпоративное право». Методика и методы. Работа базировалась на диалектическом методе, регулирующем законодательные нормы, в том числе корпоративное право и деятельность хозяйствующих субъектов. Использовались ретроспективный анализ педагогических достижений и прогнозирование. Основные результаты. Рассмотрены действующие модели юридического образования и современные образовательные технологии, способствующие систематизации и обобщению ведущих положений корпоративного управления, его принципов. Определена роль корпоративного управления в осуществлении предпринимательской деятельности в России и Центральной Европе. Показана роль курса корпоративного права в учебных планах высшего юридического образования и практическая значимость освоения данного предмета для будущих специалистов-юристов. Научная новизна. Впервые проведен сравнительный анализ преподавания иизучения корпоративного управления ввузах России, Центральной и Восточной Европы. Практическая значимость. Результаты и выводы могут быть использованы как для развития компетенций студентов, так и повышения профессионального уровня преподавателей, а также для усовершенствования корпоративного управления хозяйствующим субъектом любой организационно-правовой формы, в которой разделены функции владения и управления.

Анализируется материально-правовая специфика земельных споров, некоторые причины их возникновения, обусловленные историческими особенностями становления и развития земельного законодательства Республики Беларусь и практики его применения. Уделяется внимание также проблемам подведомственности земельных споров судам, в частности, споров о нарушении границ земельных участков и дел об установлении давности владения земельными участками. Сделаны некоторые рекомендации по совершенствованию отечественной правоприменительной практики. ; The article analyzes the land disputes specificity based on material norms, some reasons for their emergence, conditioned by historical peculiarities of the formation and development of the land legislation of the Republic of Belarus and the practice of its application. Attention is also paid to the problems of jurisdiction of land disputes to courts, in particular, disputes over the violation of the boundaries of land plots and cases on establishing the long possession period for land plots. On this basis, some recommendations have been made to improve domestic law enforcement practice.

The essence of concepts of the legal law and the rule of law is analyzed in the article. An increased attention is given to the legal regulation of law enforcement, law application activities, the qualitative transformation of the political and state-legal system, the formation of civil society and the supremacy of law, the growth of the value of law and the strengthening of law.One of the objective trends in the development of the legislation of modern Russia is to increase the social significance and authority of the legal law as an act at the top of the legal system on which the level of the rule of law of any civilized society depends. ; В статье проанализирована сущность понятий правового закона и правовой законности. Усиленное внимание отводится правовому регулированию правоохранительной, правоприменительной деятельности, качественному преобразованию политической и государственно-правовой системы, становлению гражданского общества и правового государства, роста ценности права и укрепления законности.Одной из объективных тенденций развития законодательства современной России является повышение социальной значимости и авторитета правового закона как акта, стоящего на вершине правовой системы, от которого зависит и уровень правовой законности любого цивилизованного общества.

The article discusses the problems of intellectual property protection in social networks and on streaming platforms, and also raises the issues of protecting the intellectual rights of users of information resources. The author explores the potential of digital companies as subjects of self-regulated digital space in reducing the level of violations of the interests of copyright holders of the results of intellectual activity posted on the Internet. The purpose of this study is to find an effective regulatory mechanism that exists within social networks and streaming platforms, the procedure for considering user complaints about the misuse of intellectual property by third parties. In this regard, the author analyzes the current legislation for the existence of a basis for the legality and legitimacy of measures taken by information platforms as a means of suppressing violations of the interests of copyright holders and imposing liability measures on persons carrying out unlawful encroachments. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that for the proper functioning of the mechanism for the consideration of user requests by the administrations of information platforms, it is necessary to create special norms requiring IT companies to follow standards and principles of aprocedural nature. ; Встатье рассмотрены проблемы охраны интеллектуальной собственности всоциальных сетях ина стриминговых платформах, а также поднимаются вопросы защиты интеллектуальных прав пользователей информационных ресурсов. Автор исследует потенциал диджитал-компаний как субъектов саморегулируемого цифрового пространства вснижении уровня нарушений интересов правообладателей результатов интеллектуальной деятельности, размещаемых винтернете. Цель данного исследования— поиск эффективного механизма регулирования, существующего внутри социальных сетей истриминговых платформ, порядка рассмотрения обращений пользователей по поводу неправомерного использования интеллектуальной собственности третьими лицами. Вэтой связи автор анализирует действующее законодательство на предмет существования основы легальности илегитимности мер, принимаемых информационными площадками вкачестве мер пресечения нарушений интересов правообладателей иналожения мер ответственности на лиц, осуществляющих неправомерные посягательства. В результате исследования автор приходит квыводу, что для надлежащего функционирования механизма рассмотрения администраторами информационных платформ обращений пользователей необходимо разработать специальные нормы, требующие от IT-компаний следования стандартам ипринципам процессуального характера.

The article is devoted to an important aspect of the fight against torture – inhuman and degrading treatment, related to its normative basis and its compliance with international and European legal standards. The authors propose a general and original approach to the compliance of national legislation with international legal acts in order to identify problems in the field and possible optimization solutions. The main problem identified in the field is related to ensuring the constitutionality of international legal acts signed and ratified by the Republic of Moldova. The basic proposal formulated by the authors refers to the recognition of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Moldova of the exclusive competence to verify the constitutionality of international treaties, especially at the stage prior to their ratification by the Parliament. So, in concrete terms, the substitution of the Ministry of Justice with the Constitutional Court in the exercise of the nominated attribution. This would avoid the eventual declaration of international treaties as unconstitutional after their ratification. In essence, these problems and solutions are perfectly valid for the legislative system dedicated to the fight against torture, inhuman and degrading treatment.

The object of the master's work is the jurisdiction of cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union. The purpose of the work is to study the procedural issues of determining the appropriate jurisdiction in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union, to reveal the existing problems in determining jurisdiction and recognizing decisions on crossborder insolvency of natural persons both in the European Union and abroad; to suggest ways to solve the identified problematic issues. Research objectives: - definition of the concept of cross-border bankruptcy of natural persons; - analysis of legal regulation of the procedure for determining jurisdiction in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union; - characteristics of the debtor's center of main interests as the main factor for determining jurisdiction over cross-border insolvency procedures for natural persons in the European Union; - study of judicial practice in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union; - analysis of the recognition of individual insolvency procedures in the European Union and third countries. Using such methods as analysis, modeling, comparative law, legal forecasting, legal analogy, it was concluded that the European regulation of cross-border insolvency of natural persons and related issues of choice of jurisdiction does not provide clear and unambiguous answers to the questions raised in the study, and therefore needs to be reformed.

The object of the master's work is the jurisdiction of cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union. The purpose of the work is to study the procedural issues of determining the appropriate jurisdiction in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union, to reveal the existing problems in determining jurisdiction and recognizing decisions on crossborder insolvency of natural persons both in the European Union and abroad; to suggest ways to solve the identified problematic issues. Research objectives: - definition of the concept of cross-border bankruptcy of natural persons; - analysis of legal regulation of the procedure for determining jurisdiction in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union; - characteristics of the debtor's center of main interests as the main factor for determining jurisdiction over cross-border insolvency procedures for natural persons in the European Union; - study of judicial practice in cases of cross-border insolvency of natural persons in the European Union; - analysis of the recognition of individual insolvency procedures in the European Union and third countries. Using such methods as analysis, modeling, comparative law, legal forecasting, legal analogy, it was concluded that the European regulation of cross-border insolvency of natural persons and related issues of choice of jurisdiction does not provide clear and unambiguous answers to the questions raised in the study, and therefore needs to be reformed.

In the modern epoch many countries, including China and Russia, have developed market economies of differing types. This work provides an analysis of the laws of market regulation, state regulation and proportional development, as well as an analysis of the relations between them, all of which are of exceptional scientific and political significance. The law of proportionality is a universal law of social production and of the national economy. The law of market regulation (the law of value) represents an important mechanism for implementing the law of proportionality in a commodity economy, and has played a decisive role in the application of this latter law from the time when the simple commodity economy was transformed into a capitalist commodity economy. The law of state regulation (the law of planning) is the means of realisation of the law of proportionality in collectivised production and in a state-regulated national economy. In China's socialist market economy the law of state regulation (the law of planning) and the law of market regulation (the law of value) are combined into an organic whole with fruitful, mutually reinforcing functions and synergetic effects, in order to bring the law of proportional development into play and to banish the old economic problem of disproportions in economic development. Through these methods, a larger mass of production can be achieved with a smaller expenditure of resources, while obtaining maximum benefit and bringing about a high level of economic and social well-being.

In this article, the author reveals the problems of the legal regulation of the international distribution contract and the legal settlement of the distribution contract in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

In this article, the author reveals the problems of the legal regulation of the international distribution contract and the legal settlement of the distribution contract in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.