Suchergebnisse

I The Development of Soviet Theory of Knowledge and Its Main Representatives -- II General Characteristics of Marxist Leninist Theory of Knowledge -- III The Main Tenets of the Theory of Knowledge of Dialectical Materialism -- IV Basic Cognitive Functions -- V Basic Cognitive Modes -- VI Methods and Methodologies -- VII Critique of 'Bourgeois' Theories of Knowledge -- VIII Soviet Historiography of Knowledge -- IX Evaluation -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.

I. The Nature of Knowledge -- 1. The Meaning of the Theory of Knowledge -- 2. Knowing in Everyday Life -- 3. Knowing in Science -- 4. Knowing by Means of Images -- 5. Knowing by Means of Concepts -- 6. The Limits of Definition -- 7. Implicit Definitions -- 8. The Nature of Judgments -- 9. Judging and Knowing -- 10. What is Truth? -- 11. Definitions, Conventions and Empirical Judgments -- 12. What Knowledge is Not -- 13. On the Value of Knowledge -- II. Problems of Thought -- 14. The Interconnectedness of Knowledge -- 15. The Analytic Character of Rigorous Inference -- 16. A Skeptical Consideration of Analysis -- 17. The Unity of Consciousness -- 18. The Relationship of the Psychological to the Logical -- 19. On Self-Evidence -- 20. So-Called Inner Perception -- 21. Verification -- III. Problems of Reality -- A. The Positing of the Real -- 22. Formulating the Question -- 23. Naive and Philosophical Viewpoints on the Question of Reality -- 24. The Temporality of the Real -- 25. Things-In-Themselves and the Notion of Immanence -- 26. Critique of the Notion of Immanence -- a) Unperceived Objects -- b) Objects Perceived by Several Individuals -- B. Knowledge of the Real -- 27. Essence and "Appearance" -- 28. The Subjectivity of Time -- 29. The Subjectivity of Space -- 30. The Subjectivity of the Sense Qualities -- 31. Quantitative and Qualitative Knowledge -- 32. The Physical and the Mental -- 33. More on the Psychophysical Problem -- 34. Objections to Parallelism -- 35. Monism, Dualism, Pluralism -- C. The Validity of Knowledge of Reality -- 36. Thinking and Being -- 37. Knowing and Being -- 38. Is There a Pure Intuition? -- 39. Are There Pure Forms of Thought? -- 40. On Categories -- 41. On Inductive Knowledge -- Index of Names.

Left-wing literary criticism of the 1930's offers insight into the present resistance to social theories of literature. During this period, Marxists were less concerned with inter- preting literature than with changing the world. Pure literary questions were chided in favor of politics & economics. The evangelical strain which ran through leftist periodicals, ie, The Liberator, the New Masses, & Partisan Review, saw the critic as a legislator. Literature was to serve a larger purpose: the Wc & the party. Eventually, the mounting demand for orthodoxy, coupled with the Spanish Civil War, the Moscow trials, & the Hitler-Stalin Pact, alienated many radical writers who either became anti-Stalinist leftists or severed ties with organizations completely. A new orthodoxy dominated literary theory for 3 decades after 1940. Critics, ie, Robert Penn Warren & T. S. Eliot, declared themselves opposed to the 'communists'; their criticism emphasized the aesthetic form, neglected history, & divorced literature from society. Social critics of this period came from the U's, were dependent upon these conservative institutions for livelihood, relied on academic audiences for influence, were expected to remain detached, & urged their readers to remain contemplative rather than active. The radical critics of the '30's had been journalists, writers, & editors dependent on the radical movement for their support. The new dogma of aesthetic autonomy became as problematic as the dogma of economic determinism. By rejecting a social perspective, the critic can only describe but not explain, & write chronicles but not history. L. Goldmann, before his death in 1970, set forth a theory of literature & a method of research. For him, literary work does not reside in details of character or style, but in the mental structures which bind it together. His research method begins with a chronological study of all works, examining the empirical facts, formulating an hypothesis about the ideological structure of the work, & modifying the hypothesis through the dialectical method. His theory helped contemporary radical critics to overcome the contradictions between the extreme materialism of radical critics & the extreme idealism of academic critics. A. Karmen.

AbstractThis bibliography consists of 75 items on search theory and reconnaissance theory found in periodicals and technical reports. Each entry includes a short summary or a quotation from the pertinent abstract. The items are classified into one or more of the following categories: (1) General Discussion of Problems; (2) Allocation of Effort; (3) Game Theory Formulations; (4) Geometric Search Patterns; (5) Measures of Performance and (6) Miscellaneous.

The union of knowledge & power, long urged by philosophers, is on the verge of full consummation, thanks to the advance of sci & the indispensability of expert advice in the face of rapid technological change. Does this union spell the death of democracy? Should a sharp distinction be drawn between natural & soc knowledge? Experience with natural sci'ts indicates that there is room for considerable disagreement when knowledge is translated into policy. Soc knowledge, while admittedly less certain, is a vitally needed complement of natural knowledge. The best way of assuring that knowledge is not misused is still democracy-democracy suitably modified, however, to meet the needs of a post-industr era. HA.