Suchergebnisse

The article presents the analysis of the literature of travel of French authors of the XIXth century. Authers put the aim to create the general investigation dedicated to this therm, bringing in the quality of the source base as a quite famous works of the French travelers and writers, and little-known to a wide circle of readers. XIX century is a time of expanding cultural, humanitarian, diplomatic contacts between Russia and France, which resulted in an increase in the number of foreigners who traveled to Russia, and, consequently, of the works explaining all the features of the trip, impressions, fears, etc. During this period, the Europeans started to visit not only Moscow and Saint Petersburg, but also Siberia, the Far East, the geography of travelling considerably expanded, and new works of foreigners about Russia appeared. Still, as in the previous epoch, the French authors writed about traditions and mores, the state and social structure, religious peculiarities, the culture of Russia. In general, the travel literature on Russia is significantly enriched, indicating the increasing interest of the Russian state. It is not only about informative motives, but also need to learn the realities of the Russian state, the mood in society, the level of military capabilities etc. Notes of a travelling foreigners were thus provided very valuable information about the state of affairs in Russia, it was important for European readers and, of course, diplomats, military and the rulers of other states. Of course, the French authors reproduced pictures seen in Russia through the prism of their own experience, political affiliation, certain stereotypes and myths about the Russian state and people, developed in a previous era. However, despite a certain subjectivity in the estimates and judgments, the works of French authors are a very valuable source in the framework of imagological research, studying the image of «their» and «alien» in the view of Europeans of the XIX century. © Copyright 2017 by Sochi State University.

The article is devoted to a problem of political commitment of philosophy, of its involvement into social and political problems of the relevant historical era. It is shown that Marxist ideas of partisanship of philosophy are succeeded by concepts according to which the philosophy expresses ways of identification of various social groups, concepts relying on the same sociological reductionism. The Hegelian concept of interrelation of policy and philosophy is considered too. ; Статья посвящена проблеме политической ангажированности философии, ее вовлеченности в социально-политические проблемы соответствующей исторической эпохи. Показано, что на смену марксистским представлениям о партийности философии приходят концепции, согласно которым философия выражает способы идентификации различных социальных групп, концепции, опирающиеся на тот же самый социологический редукционизм. Рассматривается гегелевская концепция соотношения политики и философии.

The article outlines the main provisions of the new work on the knowledge economy of contemporary American scholar Joel Mokyr. In "The Gifts of Athena" Joel Mokyr argues that rapid economic growth in the West over the past two centuries has been associated not only with the advent of modern technical ideas, but also with a significant improvement in access to these ideas in society. This access expansion was made possible by access to social networks consisting of universities, publishing houses, clubs of specialists engineers, etc. ; Излагаются основные положения новой работы по экономике знания современного американского ученого Джоэля Мокира. В «Дарах Афины» Джоэлъ Мокир утверждает, что стремительный экономический рост на Западе в течение последних двух столетий был связан не просто с появлением новых технических идей, но и с существенным улучшением доступа к этим идеям в обществе. Это расширение доступа стало возможным благодаря социальным сетям, состоящим из университетов, издательств, кружков специалистов-инженеров и т.д.

Abstract. The article determines the structure of political conflicts, technology, and practice management, explains the concept of subject and object of a political conflict. The article provides information about functions of the political conflict, inc ; Анотація. У статті окреслюються структура політичних конфліктів, технології і практика управління ними, пояснюється поняття суб'єкта і об'єкта політичного конфлікту, перераховані функції політичного конфлікту, а також наведено інформацію про розробників т ; Анотація. У статті окреслюються структура політичних конфліктів, технології і практика управління ними, пояснюється поняття суб'єкта і об'єкта політичного конфлікту, перераховані функції політичного конфлікту, а також наведено інформацію про розробників т

The article is devoted to analyzing the status of modern liberal arts education. Based on research of Russian educational system development general conditions, prerequisites to necessary development of new federal governmental educational standards, their advantages and disadvantages, are have been identified. It is particularly stressed that communicative society as a whole actualizes the problematic of subject-subjective relationships in social sphere and accordingly increases the meaningfulness of solving all educational problems within general logic of country development. In this event, the reverse determination is meaningful: the subject of educational process impacts on the status of those social spheres, in which he is incorporated. In this connection, the estimation is expressed that presently the educational system represents the dialectical unity of generating knowledge and the processes of regulating them. In this context, the attempt is undertaken to conceptualize main risks of liberal arts education. The meaningfulness of interdisciplinary investigations is shown on critical reflection peculiarities, subject's linguistic field, status of academic knowledge. Main contours of minimizing the accentuated risks in education development are outlined. © 2018 Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania. All rights reserved.

The attitude of Louis Althusser towards Mao Zedong and Maoism is determined by the philosopher's intolerance to the "humanistic" revisionism of the fundamental principles of Marxism. Althusser characterizes Mao Zedong as a great Chinese communist leader, whose theoretical and political practice was in strict accordance with Marxism-Leninism. The philosopher draws conclusions about the continuity of Maoism in Leninist theoretical and political practice, as well as the possibility of the existence of a Marxist-Leninist alternative to Soviet socialist development.

В статье изложены результаты анализа эффективности использования сайта научного журнала как инструмента маркетинга знаний, в частности, его коммуникационной политики в среде интернета. Разработаны рекомендации по совершенствованию системы продвижения научных знаний с помощью сайта журнала. ; World economy since 2005 has moved to descending wave of a long economic cycle and productions of technological order V (which currently dominates) are gradually losing their relevance, and of the VI one are mainly at the stage of scientific research and development. In these conditions the production and application of new knowledge (scientific, technical, professional) has a chance to enter the path of innovation growth in the mainstream of the innovation development concept. Promotion and popularization of scientific knowledge is provided by scientific journals, especially scientific periodical journals, which are the basis of technical and professional knowledge on the one hand, and generalize and systematize the available technical and vocational achievements on the other hand. Scientific and applied developments which are published there can be the basis for further research, they can also be implemented in practical activities of business structures, government, regional and local government. Website in the Internet is an effective and instantaneous tool for expanding the audience of the scientific journal, which allows enter the foreign countries, with minimal cost and still provide the individualization of communication with readers. It is not only the tool to promote scientific knowledge of certain subjects, but it can also be used to gather information about its target audience. The aim of this study is to analyze the efficiency of the site scientific journal as a marketing tool in the sphere of Internet knowledge and to give recommendations for improving the system of scientific knowledge advancing.

The article is devoted to the processes of knowledge generation at the enterprises of military-industrial complex, which are the leaders of the regional innovative activity. The target of the research is to develop the methodology based on the use of resource application potential for increasing the efficiency of knowledge generation at the instrument-making enterprises of military-industrial complex. The system analysis of the knowledge generation processes is conducted at one of them. It allows to draw a conclusion that such enterprises have a lack of the institutes of knowledge generation processes. The authors are offered a technique of the development of the knowledge generation system at the military-industrial entrprises based on the accounting of assets and opportunities of the enterprise in the realization of intellectual activity. The developed technique is based on the determination of the horizontal resource potential of knowledge generation and allows to determine the potential of resource application at each stage of product life cycle. The comparison of the actual and theoretical values of horizontal resource potential allows to correct the distribution of a share of each of resources within a stage, and therefore, to optimize the realization of tasks at a specific stage. The offered tools were implemented in 2015 at one of the regional military-industrial enterprises. The methodological tools of the research include the methods of expert assessment, mathematical statistics and the institutional analysis. On the basis of the offered technique and received empirical results, the institutional spiral of knowledge generation during the fiiling of state order at the military-industrial enterprise is developed. Its implementation will promote the decrease in the level of uncertainty during the whole life cycle of innovative activity product. The developed institutional spiral of knowledge generation at instrument-making military-industrial enterprises assumes the stimulation of knowledge generation processes at each of the stages of product life cycle. The results of this research can be used for the creation of the knowledge generation scheme as well as for the use of the efficiency increase mechanism of the knowledge generation processes at the enterprises of militaryindustrial complex. © E. V. Popov, M. V. Vlasov, A. Yu. Shishkina, A. V. Yakimova, 2016.

According to the authors of the article, works of fiction that introduce shocking ideas into aesthetic reality fit into the general contemporary discourse of the extreme. Literary texts marked by the extreme are based on the principles of taboos violation which are expressed in the space of creativity as an invasion of forbidden topics, a rethinking of the concept of good and evil, a deviation from the norm of any type (from moral and ethical to linguistic). The material for the analysis is the modern Ural writers' works of various genre-generic forms: a book of poems "The Gospel of Lucifer" by A. Vavilov (2019), a novel "Department" by A. Salnikov (2018), a play "Claustrophobia" by K. Kostenko (2003). The paper shows how the category of the extreme manifests itself at all levels of the text: from problem-thematic (total alienation from traditional norms of life, identity crisis) to specific methods of world modeling associated with the image of the impaired consciousness of a modern person (zoomorphic code, dead-end space, obligatory motives of aggression) and linguistic extremism, based on prison and militaristic vocabulary, on taboo lexical units of the body bottom. Despite genre-generic difference of the works selected for the analysis, there is a similarity of the methods of depicting modern reality and the worldview of a person within the framework of everyday life combined not only by the extremely unusual (i. e., extreme) but also beyond the limits of the allowable and permissible. This poetics includes a lot of grotesque methods of amplification and redundancy with the help of which the recognizable features of modern reality are sharpened and depicted. © 2020 Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of RAS. All rights reserved.

Цель статьи анализ существующих точек зрения относительно понятия и сущности риска в праве с выделением вектора дальнейших перспектив исследования правовых рисков. Для достижения данной цели приводятся мнения ученых в контексте концепции правового риска, выделяются условия существования риска в праве и проводится корреляция правового риска с принципом справедливости. Сделан акцент на необходимости применения принципа справедливости и законности в теории правового риска. В данной статье рассматривается проблема узкого похода к правовому риску как вероятному и возможному наступлению неблагоприятных последствий. Сделан вывод, что правовой риск может быть оценен как катализатор развития и совершенствования той или иной области права. Это объясняется с точки зрения soft law, а также гибкости современной науки, стремящейся к мультидисциплинарности. Кроме того, в статье анализируется вероятность применения правового риска, исключая противоправное поведение. Также обосновывается необходимость взаимного обмена опытом в области исследования правовых рисков с иностранными коллегами для создания единой и многогранной концепции правового риска. ; The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing points of view regarding the concept and essence of risk in law, highlighting the vector of further prospects for the study of legal risks. To achieve this goal, the opinions of scientists are given in the context of the concept of legal risk, the conditions for the existence of risk in law are identifi ed, and the correlation of legal risk with the principle of justice is carried out. The emphasis is made on the need to apply the principle of justice and legality in the theory of legal risk. This article discusses the problem of a narrow approach to legal risk as a probable and possible occurrence of adverse consequences. It is concluded that legal risk can be assessed as a catalyst for the development and improvement of a particular area of law. This is explained in terms of soft law, as well as the fl exibility of modern science, striving for multidisciplinarity. In addition, the article analyzes the likelihood of using legal risk, excluding illegal behavior. It also substantiates the need for mutual exchange of experience in the field of research of legal risks with foreign colleagues in order to create a unified and multifaceted concept of legal risk.

Article about system essence of social contradictions between a society and the power inevitably arising at level of municipal management. On the basis of V. Pareto heritage and the theory of self-organizing of I. Prigozhin the author analyzes deep problems of formation of a civil society in Russia. Статья о системной сущности социальных противоречий между обществом и властью неизбежно возникающих на уровне муниципального управления. На основе наследия В. Парето и теории самоорганизации И. Пригожина автор анализирует глубинные проблемы формирования гражданского общества в России. ; In Russian: Калужский М.Л. Проблемы общественного самоуправления в свете теории самоорганизации // Городское управление. – 1998. – № 5. – С. 47-49.

The article presents some reflections on the new literary phenomenon – journalistic polemics in 1769, which led to the growth of independent public significance of literature, as well as the origins and direction of a new ideological and aesthetic program of Russian literature and culture in the journal «Vsyakaya Vsyachina».Key words: journal, polemic, satire, literary politics. ; У статті наведено роздуми про нове літературне явище – полеміку журналів 1769 р., що призвела до зростання самостійної суспільної значущості літератури, а також про витоки й напрямки нової ідеологічної та естетитчної програми російської літератури й культури в журналі «Всякая Всячина». Ключові слова: журнал, полеміка, сатира, літературна політика.В статье приводятся размышления о новом литературном явлении – журнальной полемике1769 г., приведшей к росту самостоятельного общественного значения литературы, а также об истоках и направлении новой идеологической и эстетической программы русской литературы и культуры в журнале «Всякая Всячина».Ключевые слова: журнал, полемика, сатира, литературная политика.The article presents some reflections on the new literary phenomenon – journalistic polemics in 1769, which led to the growth of independent public significance of literature, as well as the origins and direction of a new ideological and aesthetic program of Russian literature and culture in the journal «Vsyakaya Vsyachina».Key words: journal, polemic, satire, literary politics.

The article is devoted to the problems of the ideological impact of the law on social processes. The law should have an educational impact on society, this should be a priority for the development of legislation.

The article discusses the origins of the development of pension systems in the world, shows the causes of the emergence of various models of public pension provision. We pay a particular attention to the history of the formation of the Russian pension system, and analyse the stages and causes of modern reform. From the position of modern legislation, we systemise the forms, types of pension provision and pension insurance in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the sources of financing and subjects of pension relations. The authors have defined the concept of "actuarial evaluation" from the point of view of the process and system approach. We have revealed the content of the pension risk category, as well as classified the pension risks by the spheres of origin. The authors have developed the methodology of actuarial estimation of the risks of the pension system classified by different criteria: Demographic, economic, financial, labor risks. The proposed methodological approach to the evaluation of pension risks is based on the comprehensive assessment of socio-economic indicators and the identification of dependencies between socio-demographic and economic processes in the pension system and economy of the country. The authors have tested the developed tools on the actuarial estimation of the pension risks of the Russian Federation. The article presents the results of calculations and identifies critical risks for the Russian pension system. We have proved that stagnation processes in the economy and a high share of the shadow economy represent the greatest threat to the Russian pension system in the short term, whereas, the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy - in the long term. ; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 14–18–00574 ; The research has been supported by the Grant of the Russian Science Foundation (the Project № 14–18–00574 "The information-analytical system "Anticrisis:" diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and strengthening of economic security and well-being of Russia).

The article is devoted to the reflection of folk stories in the Serbian historical literature of the Middle Ages.We focus on the reflection of folklore in the early historical monuments, historical vitae, and, in the first place, in the genealogies and annals of the late Middle Ages. These monuments had reflected the folk stories which were recorded by folklorists of modern age. Among them are the epic tales of Janko Sibinyanin and of the Battle of Kosovo.Our special attention was paid to the reflection of the epic tales of Kosovo cycle in the annals and genealogies of 15th -17th centuries. The two main components of the epic story of the battle were the feat of Milos Kobilic who killed Turkish sultan Murat, and the treason of Vuk Brankovic, the son-in-law of Serbian Prince Lazar' who was killed in the battle. The article shows that the notion of the late occurrence of stories about Milos the assassin has indeed been confirmed by a study of Serbian historical works. At the same time, Milos might have had a homonymous historical prototype — the Serb who allegedly had killed Sultan Musa after the Battle of Maritsa in 1413. A mention of this person in the Serbian Junior chronicle of the First type, basically going back to 1453, was replaced in the 16th century Niko'lski copy with the name of Milos as the assassin of Murat.The tale of Vuk Brankovic's treason was less popular in 16th and 17th century Serbian chronicles, which can be attributed to his status as the progenitor of the highly esteemed Brankovic dynasty. Political factors could have also affected the earlier silencing of the names of those who betrayed Lazar' in the Kosovo battle. In all early monuments they remain anonymous; the act of treason is, however, mentioned every time. The question thus remains open, and folklore mentions can be used in the search for potential solutions. ; Статья посвящена отражению фольклорных сюжетов в сербской исторической литературе Средневековья.Рассматриваются элементы фольклорного происхождения в ранних исторических памятниках, исторических житиях, в первую очередь в родословах и летописях позднего Средневековья. В этих памятниках отражаются уже те фольклорные сюжеты, которые зафиксированы и фольклористами Нового времени. Среди них — эпические сказания о Янке Сибинянине, о Косовской битве.Специально рассматриваются следы эпических сказаний Косовского цикла в летописях и родословах XV–XVII вв. Двумя основными компонентами эпической истории сражения стали подвиг Милоша Кобилича, убившего турецкого султана Мурата, и измена Вука Бранковича, зятя погибшего на Косове сербского князя Лазаря. В статье показано, что мнение о позднем возникновении предания о Милоше как убийце Мурата подтверждается исследованием сербских исторических сочинений. В то же время Милош мог иметь одноименного исторического прототипа — серба, предположительно убившего султана Мусу после битвы на Марице 1413 г. Упоминание об этом лице в Младшей сербской летописи Первого вида, в своей основе восходящей к 1453 г., в Никольском списке XVI в. прямо заменяется упоминанием Милоша как убийцы Мурата.Сказание об измене Вука Бранковича менее популярно в сербском летописании XVI–XVII вв., что можно связать с происхождением от Вука почитаемой династии Бранковичей. Но политические причины могли и ранее повлиять на замалчивание имен изменников Лазарю на Косове, которые остаются анонимными во всех ранних памятниках, тем не менее упоминающих об измене. В силу этого вопрос остается открытым, и фольклорные припоминания могут использоваться как один из источников его решения.