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KEY ISSUES Context: Following a six-month political stalemate, the largest two parties reached an agreement in December to form a grand coalition, which enjoys a comfortable majority in parliament. The remittances-fueled growth is set to continue in the near term, but deep challenges remain in view of Kosovo's narrow export and productive base, low employment ratios, and incomes that are among the lowest in Europe. Fiscal Policy: Following very generous pre-electoral promises, gradual fiscal adjustment is required to preserve the credibility of the fiscal rule and safeguard low public debt lev

AbstractNational ceremonies are often designated as a means of crafting or strengthening the 'national identity' of the participants, thanks to their potentially emotional effects. This article seeks to examine in greater detail the relationship between emotions, 'national identity' and performance. First, it presents evidence from the literature to demonstrate the crucial role played by emotions in the process of national identification, then highlights the conditions responsible for generating these. Second, it explores these issues by adopting an oral history approach in relation to the demonstrations organised by Albanian‐speaking migrants from Yugoslavia in Switzerland in the 1980s. This approach makes it possible to explore issues from the participants' own perspective. The marchers' narratives not only provide a taste of the demonstrations' excitement but also provide clues about the conditions that lead to the emotions they experienced. They are particularly insistent about locating the demonstrations within a much broader life picture.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, OUTLOOK AND RISKS -- EXTERNAL STABILITY ASSESSMENT -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS -- A. Fiscal Policy: Making Efficient Use of Fiscal Space and Containing Fiscal Risks -- B. Structural Reforms: Reducing Unemployment, Increasing Competitiveness and Improving Governance -- C. Financial Sector: Safeguarding System Stability and Financial Deepening -- OTHER ISSUES -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments, 2012-18 -- 2. Fiscal Developments, 2013-19 -- 3. Labor Market, 2017 -- 4. Banking Sector Overview, 2014-18 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators, 2015-23 -- 2. Consolidated Government Budget, 2015-23 (millions of euros) -- 3. Consolidated Government Budget, 2015-23 (percent of GDP) -- 4. General Government Cashflow, 2015-23 -- 5. Balance of Payments, 2015-23 -- 6. Central Bank and Commercial Bank Survey, 2015-23 -- 7. Selected Financial Soundness Indicators, 2015-18 -- ANNEXES -- I. Implementation Status of the 2017 Article IV Recommendations -- II. Risk Assessment Matrix -- III. External Sector Assessment -- IV. Debt Sustainability Analysis -- V. Governance Challenges Facing Kosovo -- VI. Determinants of Labor Force Participation and Employment -- CONTENTS -- FUND RELATIONS -- RELATIONS TO OTHER INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS -- STATISTICAL ISSUES

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- THE FUND-SUPPORTED PROGRAM -- A. Program Objectives -- B. Macroeconomic Framework -- C. Fiscal Policy -- D. Financial Sector -- E. Competitiveness and Structural Reforms -- PROGRAM MODALITIES -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments, 2009-14 -- 2. Recent Fiscal Developments, 2010-14 -- 3. Selected Banking Sector Indicators, 2012-15 -- 4. Selected Labor Market Outcomes in Kosovo -- TABLES -- 1. Main Indicators, 2012-20 -- 2. Consolidated Government Budget, 2012-20 (millions of euros) -- 3. Consolidated Government Budget, 2012-20 (percent of GDP) -- 4. Balance of Payments, 2012-20 -- 5. Central Bank and Commercial Bank Survey, 2012-15 -- 6. Selected Financial Soundness Indicators, 2010-15 -- 7. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2015-20 -- 8. Gross Financing Requirements, 2015-17 -- 9. Schedule of Purchases Under the Stand-By Arrangement, 2015-17 -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding.

The topic of this comparative study is the republican character of the system of governance in Kosovo. In the public discourse and political communication, as well as in academic discourse Kosovo is considered a Parliamentary Republic, based on the principle "of the separation of powers and checks and balances between them." Although the constitutional definition of the relationship between the executive and legislative favors parliamentary republicanism, the constitutional powers of the president, the government and especially the constitutional and political power of the prime minister, significantly weaken the parliamentary character, in favor of a semi-presidential system. However, neither the current theories of government, nor constitutional provisions can rank Kosovo among semi-presidential systems, or pure parliamentary systems. Comparisons of competence powers relations in Kosovo, with similar relations and competences of the countries of the region and beyond, testify to the specific nature of parliamentary democracy in Kosovo. It is precisely the comparison of the Kosovo constitutional-legal system of governance with similar systems and theoretical analysis of parliamentary models facing Kosovo model which will be the basis of support of the hypothesis that Kosovo is not a typical parliamentary republic.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Acronyms -- Overview -- Recent Economic Trends and Policies -- Policy Priorities for the Near Term -- Concluding Observations -- Political and Institutional Developments Since the End of the Conflict -- Appendix I. The Joint Interim Administrative Structure (JIAS) -- Appendix II. Estimates of GDP and Balance of Payments -- Appendix III. The Tax System and Future Plans.

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword 1 -- 1 Mil-Who? Kos-Where? 4 -- 2 Centuries of Kosovo's History 11 -- 3 The Years of Oppression 18 -- 4 The Rage of Milošević 25 -- 5 Europe Wakes Up, Slowly 33 -- 6 A War of Liberation 40 -- 7 Minister for the Balkans 59 -- 8 Kosovo in the 21st Century -a Mixed Report 86 -- 9 Smearing Kosovan Politicians 98 -- 10 Recognition - the Way Forward 109 -- Conclusion A 21st-Century Future for Kosovo 125 -- Bibliography 134.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Background -- Economic and Political Developments -- Fiscal Structure and the 2000 Budget -- The Path Toward Self-Sustainability -- Conclusions -- APPENDIX I Estimating GDP -- APPENDIX II Medium-Term Fiscal Scenarios.