Suchergebnisse

Živimo v času vedno večjih tehnoloških napredkov, zaradi česar smo vedno bolj povezani s pripadniki drugih držav in kultur. Pogosto lahko v vsakodnevnem življenju opazimo lastnosti ali elemente drugih kultur, ki so se skozi čas zakoreninili v našo kulturo ter s tem pripomogli k prepletanju in tvorbi novih, hibridiziranih, kultur. Kljub vedno večji dostopnosti ter posledičnemu prevzemanju tujih kulturnospecifičnih elementov pa se kulture na določenih področjih med seboj še vedno zelo razlikujejo. Poglavitne razlike se kažejo v dovzetnosti kultur za določene vsebine. Obstaja veliko vsebin, ki jih družba, glede na svojo kulturo, različno dojema. To pogosto privede do težav pri prenosu določenih vsebin iz ene kulture v drugo, zaradi česar se pri premagovanju teh ovir mnogi pogosto poslužujejo uporabe sredstev, kot sta cenzura in lokalizacija. Magistrska naloga obravnava uporabo teh sredstev pri prevajanju besedil kultnih kart iz igre Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game. Osredinili se bomo na pomen in pogostost pojavljanja cenzure in lokalizacije v angleških in nemških prevodih kart. Igra izhaja z Japonske, zato vsebuje veliko kulturnospecifičnih elementov, ki so pri prenosu vsebine z vzhodnega na zahodni trg bili zamenjani ali popolnoma odstranjeni. Pri prevajanju tovrstnih vsebin ni potrebno le dobro znanje obeh jezikov, temveč je za uspešno lokalizacijo in, posledično, ohranjanje izvorne ideje treba izkazati veliko mero izvirnosti in fleksibilnosti. Z magistrsko nalogo bomo analizirali prevajalske postopke, s pomočjo katerih so pri angleških in nemških prevodih bile prikrite ali spremenjene vsebine iz izvornega besedila kart ter predstavili vpliv teh sprememb, tako na idejo kot tudi sam potek igranja. ; We live in a time of technological advances which makes it seem as if the gap between nations, and cultures is shrinking every day. In everyday life we constantly face traits or elements of foreign cultures which have been imbedded in our own, intertwining different cultures and forming new ones. We call them hybridized cultures. Even though it is getting easier to access other cultures and, consequently, to integrate foreign culture-specific elements into our own, there are certain aspects in which cultures still differ greatly from one another. One of the main differences is the susceptibility of different cultures to certain topics. Society's perception of different discourses varies depending on cultural expectations, which often leads to difficulties with transferring certain topics from one culture to another. This hurdle can often be overcome with censorship or localisation. In this master's thesis we will discuss the use of both these means of text's modification in relation to the translation of card texts in the cult card game Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game. We will focus on the importance and the extent to which censorship and localisation were used in English and German card translations. Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game originated in Japan, therefore the game contains a lot of culture-specific elements. During the card game's transition between markets a lot of these elements were either replaced or completely removed from the game. Translating such contents requires not only good knowledge of both languages but also a translator's imagination and flexibility. This master's thesis will analyse different translation strategies used in the English and German card translations to change or eliminate certain elements from the original card texts. We will also analyse how these changes affected the game's original ideas and the way of playing.

V pričujoči raziskavi smo preučili strukturo, dejavnike in posledice politične kulture in državljanske participacije v postjugoslovanskih družbah. Uporabljenih je bilo več virov kvantitativnih podatkov, med drugim raziskava 2.178 študentov družboslovja v osmih postjugoslovanskih entitetah (M starost = 19,8 leta, SD = 1,89) ; reprezentativni vzorci Evropske raziskave vrednot (2008) ; pretekli valovi Svetovne raziskave vrednot (1995/8) in podatki raziskave jugoslovanske mladine (Jupio, 1986). Analiza na agregatni ravni je pokazala, da so v socioekonomsko manj razvitih okoljih (Kosovo, BiH in NJR Makedonija) v večji meri prisotni elementi podložniške politične kulture (Almond in Verba, 1963), v okviru katere so se kot ključni elementi na individualni ravni izkazali avtoritarnost, splošni tradicionalizem, tradicionalni pogled na spolne vloge in nacionalizem. Medentitetne razlike na merah ekonomske kulture (ekonomski egalitarizem in državni paternalizem) so povečini majhne in statistično neznačilne, saj vse entitete na obeh indikatorjih dosegajo visoke povprečne vrednosti. V skladu s predvidevanji dopolnjene modernizacijske teorije je demokratična politična kultura bolj koherentna v socioekonomsko bolj razvitih postjugoslovanskih državah, v nasprotju s teorijo pa manj razvite države dosegajo višje povprečne ravni državljanske participacije. Starost in socioekonomski status sta se izkazala za najmočnejša sociodemografska dejavnika politične kulture in državljanske participacije. Višje stopnje učinkovite demokracije (Inglehart in Welzel, 2007) dosegajo socioekonomsko bolj razvite države, ki izkazujejo tudi najvišje stopnje demokratične politične kulture. Longitudinalna analiza ni pokazala enotne smeri političnokulturnih sprememb ; slednje so v zadnjih dveh desetletjih bile v smeri večanja tako demokratičnih kot tudi nekaterih podložniških orientacij (npr. avtoritarnosti). Avtorji sklenejo, da proces demokratične konsolidacije, tako političnokulturne kot tudi institucionalne, v večini postjugoslovanskih družb še ni končan. Na koncu so predstavljene implikacije raziskave. ; The present study examined structures, determinants and consequences of political culture and citizen participation in post-Yugoslav societies. Several empirical data sources were employed, among others a survey of 2,178 social science students in eight post-Yugoslav entities (M age = 19.8 years, SD = 1.89) ; representative samples from European Values Study (2008), earlier waves of World Values Survey (1995/8) and a study of Yugoslav youth Jupio carried out in 1985. The aggregate level results indicated that socio-economically less developed entities (Kosovo, BiH, and FYR Macedonia) scored higher on subject political culture (Almond and Verba, 1963), which was at the individual level found to be characterized by its four core components: authoritarianism, general traditionalism, traditional gender roles attitudes, and nationalism. Between-country differences on measures of economic cultural orientations (economic egalitarianism and state paternalism) were largely minor or insignificant, since all entities scored high on both measures. As predicted by revised modernization theory democratic political culture was found to be more coherent in socioeconomically more developed post-Yugoslav countries. Inconsistent with modernization approach results demonstrated higher levels of citizen participation in less well-off countries. Age and socioeconomic status proved to be the most potent sociodemographic predictors of political culture and citizen participation. Finally, democracy was found to be more effective (Inglehart and Welzel, 2007) in socioeconomically more developed countries, which also scored highest on measures of democratic political culture. Longitudinal analysis did not uniformly confirm substantive political culture changes with changes in the last two decades taking place in both democratic as well as authoritarian direction. Authors conclude that the process of democratic consolidation, both political-cultural as well as institutional, is far from over in the majority of post-Yugoslav entities. Implications of the results are discussed.