Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- PART I: The Rule of Law – General reflections -- Estado de Derecho y Democracia -- The Rule of Law and Democracy in Latin America -- Rule of Law, Democracy and the digital sector -- Preconditions to avoid constitutional crisis: some reflections on appointment procedure of constitutional justices -- Rule of law as a universal "value" -- Rule of Law Concept and its Development by the EU Constitutional Justice -- PART II: Rule of Law and Pandemic -- The Main Trends in Constitutional Jurisprudence Developed by Constitutional Courts during the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Emergencia y Jurisdicción Constitucional -- Common courts' right to constitutional review in the face of the threat to the rule of law – the case of Poland -- Pandemic and the Rule of Law -- The emergency in Estonia, fundamental rights and the rule of law -- Limitations of civil rights during a period of introduction of extraordinary measures in Poland vis-à-vis the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus -- Limiting fundamental rights by governmental regulations – An illiberal response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland -- Constitutional Restrictions of Human Rights under the State of Emergency -- Health State of Emergency and Management of the Pandemic – The Italian Experience -- The Covid 19 pandemic and Italian constitutional law. Some reflections on the sources of law -- Estado de Derecho y Restricción de Derechos Fundamentales durante la Pandemia en Brasil: La Actuación del Supremo Tribunal -- Protecting the Rule of Law: Once again about the Legitimacy and Competences of the Constitutional Courts -- El Constitucionalismo ante la pandemia del Covid-19 en el Perú -- Rule of Law and the Pandemic – The Experience of the Republic of Moldova -- Estado de Derecho y lesiones de los Derechos Fundamentales en el estado de alarma o emergencia por el COVID-19 -- PART III: Conclusion -- Concluding Remarks.

General Introduction -- 1. Status of Religious Communities -- 2. Relations between the State and Islam -- 3. Muslims and Citizenship -- 4. Mosques and Prayer Houses -- 5. Status of Imams -- 6. Burial and Cemeteries -- 7. Education and Schools -- 8. Higher Education and Universities -- 9. Islamic Chaplaincy in Public Institutions -- 10. Employment, Festivals and Social Law -- 11. Islamic Slaughter and Food Regulation -- 12. Family Law -- 13. Criminal Law -- 14. Islamic Dress -- Bibliography -- Index.

Loan contracts and rescheduling agreements of Latin American states with foreign banks invariably include clauses on jurisdiction and applicable law. Recent events have shown the political and practical importance of such clauses, which usually stipulate the jurisdiction and the law of the bank's home country. The article discusses the validity of such clauses in the light of the Calvo doctrine, of Latin American legislation and of general principles of law

The conflictual characteristics of democracy are examined with reference to Rousseau's Law of Entropy of Democratic Institutions & his work The Social Contract. Rousseau applied his law of democratic entropy in two contexts -- in the dynamic between popular sovereignty & the expression of the general will, & in the dialectic complexity of the three wills of the government (individual, party, & general). Rousseau found problems with the state division of powers, the relationship between voters & their representatives, & the practical failing of the public will due to private influences. He saw entropic tendencies more so in the party structure than in the public will. Interpretations of representation by Rousseau & other authors are discussed. Rousseau clearly felt that a civil society educated about democracy formally & through democratic action was the best antidote for institutional entropy. References. M. Pflum

This article analyzes the Helms-Burton law & links it with US policy toward Cuba. It explains that this law is not new, but the updating of the Monroe Doctrine & Platt Amendment, & is in agreement with the current relationship between the two countries. The author highlights that the Helms-Burton law is an evident example of the US's ideology not only toward Cuba, but toward Latin America in general, & maybe the whole world. He refers to the main points of this law & analyzes the circumstances that the US government demands in order to remove the economic seizure, & emphasizes those that must be done to create a new Cuban government & to establish a democratic regime. Finally, he suggests that the Helms-Burton law has benefited the Cuban government instead of changing it. Adapted from the source document.

Presents an interview conducted with Khan, Secretary General of Amnesty International, published 14 Mar 2004 in El Pais, "La ley contra el velo de Francia viola los derechos humanos" (France's Law against the Scarf Violates Human Rights). Adapted from the source document.