Статтю присвячено дослідженню процесу становлення та реалізації прав осіб, що належать до ЛГБТ-спільноти у контексті місцевого самоврядування та функціонування територіальних громад. Досліджуються проблеми ідентичності як самовизначення, самоідентифікації особи в якості представника певної соціальної групи в контексті прав осіб, що належать до ЛГБТ-спільноти. Обґрунтовується, що сама по собі ідентичність не може бути підставою дискримінації. Акцентується увага на важливості безпосередньої реалізації принципу поваги до ідентичності особи, протидії та запобігання маргіналізації та демонізації меншин.Зазначається, що акти з прав людини міжнародного значення і законодавства переважної більшості країн світу, в тому числі й України, ґрунтуються на принципах справедливості, рівності та недискримінації. Автор обґрунтовує положення про те, що відсутність діючого механізму захисту прав людини і заборони дискримінації за ознакою сексуальної орієнтації як на національному, так і на муніципальному рівнях, неминуче суперечитиме ідеям правової соціальної держави та громадянського суспільства. У зв'язку з цим робиться висновок, що розробка ефективного муніципального механізму захисту прав людини і заборона дискримінації за ознакою сексуальної орієнтації є нагальними завданнями сьогодення. ; The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation and realization of the rights of persons belonging to the LGBT community in the context of local self-government and the functioning of territorial communities. In the article is investigated the concept and nature of identity as self-determination, self-identification as a representative of a particular social group in the context of the human rights for LGBT. It is proved that the identity itself cannot be a basis for discrimination. Attention is drawn to the importance of the immediate implementation of the principle of respect for the identity of the person, combating and prevention of marginalization and demonization of minorities.It is reported that acts on human rights of ...
The article deals with the specific protection of the rights of homosexual sex individuals in the number of foreign countries. Particular emphasis is placed on the operation of the special ombudsman, whose task is to prevent discrimination against the sexual minorities and immediate the protection of their rights. Based on the experience of the other countries, activates the need of the specialized ombudsman to protect the rights of LGBT communities in Ukraine to reach the international level in the field of the human rights.Key words: protection of the rights, ombudsman, sexual minorities, LGBT community, discrimination, gay couples, legislation. ; У статті розглянуто специфіку захисту прав осіб гомосексуальної статі в низці зарубіжних країн. Особливий акцент зроблено на функціонуванні спеціального омбудсмана, завданням якого є запобігання дискримінації сексуальних меншин та безпосередній захист їхніх прав. На основі досвіду інших держав актуалізується потреба в спеціалізованому омбудсмані із захисту прав ЛГБТ-спільнот в Україні для досяг-нення міжнародного рівня у сфері прав людини.Ключові слова: захист прав, омбудсман, сексуальні меншини, ЛГБТ-спільноти, дискримінація, одностатеві пари, законодавство.
The article highlights the legal basis for prohibiting discrimination on the grounds of "gender identity" and "sexual orientation" in social and labor relations in the light of the theory of human rights and the concept of decent work. The article is aimed at clarifying the substantive content of the concepts of "gender identity" and "sexual orientation" in the light of the theory of human rights and the concept of decent work, identifying problems of legal support of the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of gender identity and sexual orientation, to develop some proposals for improving anti-discrimination legislation in the field of human rights, in particular in the field of the right to decent work of workers from among persons of the LGBT community. It was found that in the light of the theory of human rights and the concept of decent work, the content of the concepts of "gender identity" and "sexual orientation" is clearly revealed in the Set of legal principles for the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity – "Yogyakarta principles". In the light of the concept of decent work, gender identity and sexual orientation as integral elements of the dignity and personality of each person are also characterized by the fact that they are included in the system of concepts of decent work, since these characteristics should not serve as a basis for discrimination or violations in labor relations. In addition, the prohibition of discrimination on "protected" grounds, in particular on the grounds of gender identity and sexual orientation, is an important dimension or main component of decent work. The problems of legal support for the prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of gender identity and sexual orientation in labor relations are identified. Thus, the national anti-discrimination legislation does not contain definitions of these "protected" features, does not establish a clear legal mechanism for countering discrimination on these grounds in labor relations, and so on. It is proposed in article 6 of the draft law of Ukraine "On labor" No. 2708 of 28.12.2019 to provide definitions of gender identity and sexual orientation. The draft Guidelines for inclusion in collective agreements and agreements of provisions that ensure equal rights and opportunities for women and men in labor relations from 05.07.2019 should clearly identify typical situations of discrimination on these grounds and develop an algorithm for the actions of the employee – victim of discrimination and the employer in such situations. ; В статье освещаются правовые основы запрета дискриминации по признакам «гендерная идентичность» и «сексуальная ориентация» в общественно-трудовых отношениях. ыявлены проблемы правового обеспечения запрета дискриминации по признакам гендерной идентичности и сексуальной ориентации в трудовых отношениях. Так, в национальном антидискриминационном законодатель-стве не закреплены определения указанных «защищенных» признаков, не установлен четкий правовой меха-низм противодействия дискриминации по этим признакам в трудовых отношениях и пр. Предложено в ст. 6 проекта Закона Украины «О труде» No 2708 от 28.12.2019 закрепить дефиниции гендерной идентичности и сек-суальной ориентации. ; У статті висвітлюються правові засади заборони дискримінації за ознаками «гендерна ідентичність» та «сексуальна орієнтація» в суспільно-трудових відносинах. Виявлено проблеми правового забезпечення заборони дискримінації за ознаками гендерної ідентичності і сексуальної орієнтації в трудових відносинах. Так, у національному антидискримінаційному законодавстві не закріплені визначення вказаних «захищених» ознак, не встановлено чіткий правовий механізм протидії дискримінації за цими ознаками в трудових відносинах тощо. Запропоновано в у ст. 6 проекту Закону України «Про працю» No 2708 від 28.12.2019 закріпити дефініції гендерної ідентичності і сексуальної орієнтації.
Проаналізовано Національну доповідь "Цілі сталого розвитку України" (2017 р.) у контексті публічного управління з позиції біоетики. У стислому вигляді висвітлено 17 інноваційних тез щодо різних напрямків розвитку суспільства – від подолання голоду в світі до вирішення глобальних екологічних та кліматичних проблем, які стосуються Резолюції Генеральної Асамблеї ООН "Перетворення нашого світу: Порядок денний в області сталого розвитку на період до 2030 року", прийнятої 25 вересня 2015 р. Порушено питання необхідності впровадження Цілей сталого розвитку в систему публічного управління в Україні на засадах біоетики. ; Problem setting. It is considered the necessity to integrate the principles of bioethics in the projects of United Nations (hereinafter UN) to transform the world, since the Sustainable Development Summit of this organization adopted the Sustainable Development Goals as a priority task for governments and countries around the world from 2015 to 2030, the implementation of which will ensure a higher stage of development to a number of poor countries and a qualitatively new standard of living to human society as a whole. This organization helps third world countries to overcome problems with drinking water, food shortages, unequal, access to education, work, property, etc. However, public administration authorities should emphasize the problems of the value and dignity of human life, which should be respected and protected from the moment of fertilization to natural death.Recent research and publications analysis. Currently, the attention of both the scientific community and practitioners has been paid to the study of the implementation of sustainable development goals in the context of public administration in Ukraine. The Ukrainian researchers N. Horshkov, N. Walker, S. Kubiv, E. Libanova, S. Kuibida, M. Bilynska, V. Hoshovska, L. Pashko and others studied various aspects of this issue. Nevertheless, the issue of their implementation into the system of public administration on the basis of bioethics requires further investigations and elaboration considering the priority of Ukraine's integration into the European community and launching the course on the implementation of sustainable development goals.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Overall, Sustainable Development Goals have proven to play a positive role in the third world countries, but these projects would have a positive impact on public morals, which could lead to certain changes.The paragraph 2 of the SDG deals with overcoming hunger and developing agriculture. The very formulation of these goals is quite noble, but the public administration authorities need to develop a mechanism that will ensure the control of sowing seed and mineral fertilizers to increase yields.Paragraph 3 is responsible for good health and well-being, but in terms of medical support, public authorities should pay attention to such issues that contradict the principles of bioethics: contraception, abortion, euthanasia, artificial insemination, the use of abortive materials, an unethical method of conducting birth control, which can cause fatal consequences, etc. All these actions are regarded as direct threat to life and health of the nation, primarily its spiritual component.Therefore, bioethics should be given a leading role in the field of medicine. All actions must be consistent with ensuring the dignity, integrity and inviolability of human life. Particular control requires the implementation of paragraph 5 of the SDG, which deals with the so-called "gender equality".It is necessary to introduce such innovations that extend women's rights, provide them with the opportunity of equal access to education, work, decent wages, etc. However, from the standpoint of bioethics, it should be emphasized that Ukrainians are traditional ethnic group, which is inherently respectful of the family institution, as well as such meaningful concepts for each person as "mother-father", "man-woman", etc.Tendencies of a morally unacceptable model as "relative 1 and relative 2" instead of parents and partners instead of "male-female" tandem, and the "freedom" of LGBT-communities are dangerous because they neglect the traditional institution of the family for Ukrainians and they are considered to be direct threat for the family. The use of all other items of the SDG in state-building processes is positive, because they concern the preservation of ecology, resources and the development of society.Paper main body. In order to attract public attention to the issues covered in the article, it is necessary to define priorities correctly. Positive changes, which undoubtedly follow the implementation of the UN program for the transformation of the world, Ukrainian society should reconsider its moral and ethical criteria.The world is moving in the direction of inevitable global processes leading to the elimination of borders between states, national and mental differences, allowing many people in remote regions of poor countries to get education, comprehensive medical care, clean water, ecological food, safe renewable energy.This is certainly very significant, but there is another side of the issue. However, taking positive experience, the most important thing is not to lose your national identity, high moral and spiritual values. It is necessary to create conditions under which the implementation of the SDG in Ukraine will be safe and beneficial for the whole society. Such algorithms are always the result of cooperation.UN projects are based on democratic principles which currently require reconsideration due to the general demoralization, Islamization of European countries and others. The obvious factor is that a number of countries, namely, Great Britain, Germany, and France are experiencing an influx of migrants, and the benefits of multiculturalization of the European community still to be proved.Ukrainians are one of the oldest nations, whose spirituality is an invaluable resource; therefore, it is so important to gain, not to lose from cooperation.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Specific suggestions have been made to public administration at those points where the implementation of sustainable development goals requires the principles of bioethics. Any changes in society should serve to a personality and, consequently, must be coordinated with the principles of bioethics.Perspectives for further investigations in this direction. Public administrators need to involve social institutions represented by reputable bioethics specialists, scientists, doctors, community volunteers, in which the implementation of the sustainable development goals on the principles of bioethics will be safe and beneficial for society.
Проаналізовано Національну доповідь "Цілі сталого розвитку України" (2017 р.) у контексті публічного управління з позиції біоетики. У стислому вигляді висвітлено 17 інноваційних тез щодо різних напрямків розвитку суспільства – від подолання голоду в світі до вирішення глобальних екологічних та кліматичних проблем, які стосуються Резолюції Генеральної Асамблеї ООН "Перетворення нашого світу: Порядок денний в області сталого розвитку на період до 2030 року", прийнятої 25 вересня 2015 р. Порушено питання необхідності впровадження Цілей сталого розвитку в систему публічного управління в Україні на засадах біоетики. ; Problem setting. It is considered the necessity to integrate the principles of bioethics in the projects of United Nations (hereinafter UN) to transform the world, since the Sustainable Development Summit of this organization adopted the Sustainable Development Goals as a priority task for governments and countries around the world from 2015 to 2030, the implementation of which will ensure a higher stage of development to a number of poor countries and a qualitatively new standard of living to human society as a whole. This organization helps third world countries to overcome problems with drinking water, food shortages, unequal, access to education, work, property, etc. However, public administration authorities should emphasize the problems of the value and dignity of human life, which should be respected and protected from the moment of fertilization to natural death.Recent research and publications analysis. Currently, the attention of both the scientific community and practitioners has been paid to the study of the implementation of sustainable development goals in the context of public administration in Ukraine. The Ukrainian researchers N. Horshkov, N. Walker, S. Kubiv, E. Libanova, S. Kuibida, M. Bilynska, V. Hoshovska, L. Pashko and others studied various aspects of this issue. Nevertheless, the issue of their implementation into the system of public administration on the basis of bioethics requires further investigations and elaboration considering the priority of Ukraine's integration into the European community and launching the course on the implementation of sustainable development goals.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Overall, Sustainable Development Goals have proven to play a positive role in the third world countries, but these projects would have a positive impact on public morals, which could lead to certain changes.The paragraph 2 of the SDG deals with overcoming hunger and developing agriculture. The very formulation of these goals is quite noble, but the public administration authorities need to develop a mechanism that will ensure the control of sowing seed and mineral fertilizers to increase yields.Paragraph 3 is responsible for good health and well-being, but in terms of medical support, public authorities should pay attention to such issues that contradict the principles of bioethics: contraception, abortion, euthanasia, artificial insemination, the use of abortive materials, an unethical method of conducting birth control, which can cause fatal consequences, etc. All these actions are regarded as direct threat to life and health of the nation, primarily its spiritual component.Therefore, bioethics should be given a leading role in the field of medicine. All actions must be consistent with ensuring the dignity, integrity and inviolability of human life. Particular control requires the implementation of paragraph 5 of the SDG, which deals with the so-called "gender equality".It is necessary to introduce such innovations that extend women's rights, provide them with the opportunity of equal access to education, work, decent wages, etc. However, from the standpoint of bioethics, it should be emphasized that Ukrainians are traditional ethnic group, which is inherently respectful of the family institution, as well as such meaningful concepts for each person as "mother-father", "man-woman", etc.Tendencies of a morally unacceptable model as "relative 1 and relative 2" instead of parents and partners instead of "male-female" tandem, and the "freedom" of LGBT-communities are dangerous because they neglect the traditional institution of the family for Ukrainians and they are considered to be direct threat for the family. The use of all other items of the SDG in state-building processes is positive, because they concern the preservation of ecology, resources and the development of society.Paper main body. In order to attract public attention to the issues covered in the article, it is necessary to define priorities correctly. Positive changes, which undoubtedly follow the implementation of the UN program for the transformation of the world, Ukrainian society should reconsider its moral and ethical criteria.The world is moving in the direction of inevitable global processes leading to the elimination of borders between states, national and mental differences, allowing many people in remote regions of poor countries to get education, comprehensive medical care, clean water, ecological food, safe renewable energy.This is certainly very significant, but there is another side of the issue. However, taking positive experience, the most important thing is not to lose your national identity, high moral and spiritual values. It is necessary to create conditions under which the implementation of the SDG in Ukraine will be safe and beneficial for the whole society. Such algorithms are always the result of cooperation.UN projects are based on democratic principles which currently require reconsideration due to the general demoralization, Islamization of European countries and others. The obvious factor is that a number of countries, namely, Great Britain, Germany, and France are experiencing an influx of migrants, and the benefits of multiculturalization of the European community still to be proved.Ukrainians are one of the oldest nations, whose spirituality is an invaluable resource; therefore, it is so important to gain, not to lose from cooperation.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Specific suggestions have been made to public administration at those points where the implementation of sustainable development goals requires the principles of bioethics. Any changes in society should serve to a personality and, consequently, must be coordinated with the principles of bioethics.Perspectives for further investigations in this direction. Public administrators need to involve social institutions represented by reputable bioethics specialists, scientists, doctors, community volunteers, in which the implementation of the sustainable development goals on the principles of bioethics will be safe and beneficial for society.
