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Most societies in today's world are multilingual. 'Language contact' occurs when speakers of different languages interact and their languages influence each other. This book is an introduction to the subject, covering individual and societal multilingualism, the acquisition of two or more languages from birth, second language acquisition in adulthood, language change, linguistic typology, language processing and the structure of the language faculty. It explains the effects of multilingualism on society and language policy, as well as the consequences that long-term bilingualism within communities can have for the structure of languages. Drawing on the author's own first-hand observations of child and adult bilingualism, the book provides a clear analysis of such phenomena as language convergence, grammatical borrowing, and mixed languages

This new volume on language contact and contact languages presents cutting-edge research by distinguished scholars in the field as well as by highly talented newcomers. It has two principal aims: to analyze language contact from different perspectives - notably those of language typology, diachronic linguistics, language acquisition and translation studies; and to describe, explain, and elaborate on universal constraints on language contact. The individual chapters offer systematic comparisons of a wealth of contact situations and the book as a whole makes a valuable contribution to deepening

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of abbreviations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part I From milliseconds to minutes: what bilinguals do when they speak or sign -- 1 Interactive alignment and implicit priming -- 1.1 Unconscious alignment in interaction -- 1.2 Implicit priming -- 1.3 Case study of implicit cross-language priming and contact-induced language change -- 1.4 How to study bilingual phenomena experimentally -- Exercises -- Further reading -- References -- 2 Conceptual transfer -- 2.1 Linguistic and non-linguistic conceptualizations -- 2.2 What happens when we use two languages that differ in what they code linguistically? -- 2.3 Case study of conceptual transfer for the concept "to be" -- 2.4 Case study of conceptual transfer for spatial representations -- Exercises -- Further reading -- References -- 3 Cognitive costs and cognitive load -- 3.1 Cognitive costs -- 3.2 Cognitive load -- Exercises -- Further reading -- References -- Part II From minutes to years: what bilinguals do when they communicate with others -- 4 Code-switching, repertoires, and translanguaging -- 4.1 Acquiring and utilizing bilingual and multidialectal codes -- 4.2 Integrating the language varieties of bilingual repertoires -- 4.3 Embracing the multidimensionality of bilinguals' codes -- 4.4 How to study code-switching -- Exercises -- Further reading -- References -- 5 Social networks and accommodation -- 5.1 Accommodation and change -- 5.2 Case study: convergence in language choice in Montreal -- 5.3 Audience design and style -- 5.4 Language mode -- 5.5 Language mode and bilingual style -- 5.5.1 Style shifting in monolingual mode -- 5.5.2 Bilingual mode and style shifting -- 5.6 Social networks -- 5.6.1 Bilinguals' social networks -- Exercises -- Further reading -- References -- 6 Acquisition and attrition.

The study of languages in contact is an ever-relevant topic in linguistics, especially at present times when increasing globalization leads to a number of new contact situations. This volume features ten papers on various aspects of language contact by leading specialists in the field. In these papers, contact-induced change in a wide variety of languages is approached from various perspectives, reflecting the current state of affairs in language contact studies. The first main theme in the volume is related to the linguistic effects of migration, both in the present and in the past, and both in the standard language spoken by ethnic minorities, and in immigrant languages that are influenced by the standard. The second theme concerns border areas, a traditional treasure trove for the study of contact phenomena. The third theme is about contact effects without physical contact, as well as the role played by translators in this process.

The selected articles compiled in the present volume are based on contributions prepared for the 17th International L.A.U.D. (Linguistic Agency University of Duisburg) Symposium held at the University of Duisburg on 23-27 March 1992. The 13 papers in this book focus on problems and issues of intercultural communication. The first part is devoted to theoretical aspects related to the interaction of language and culture and deals with the issue from anthropological, cognitive, and linguistic points of view. Part II raises issues of language policy and language planning such as the manipulation of language in intercultural contact; it includes case studies pertaining to multilingual settings, for example in Africa, Australia, Melanesia, and Europe. The volume opens with a foreword by Dell H. Hymes.

The volume is highly relevant to the current regional and international discussion on endangered languages, language contact, documentation and areal typology. The publication is the outcome of a fruitful theoretical and methodological exchange between Latin American scholars and international scholars working in other regions. Most of the papers target Latin American languages. Additionally, new insight into the contact situations in Indonesia, Iran, Australia and Papua New Guinea is provided