Suchergebnisse

"Der Beitrag thematisiert die Frage, ob pädagogische Fachkräfte, die im Rahmen von Sprachfördermaßnahmen die sprachlichen Fähigkeiten von Kindern mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) fördern, ihre Sprache an den Förderbedarf der Kinder anpassen. Hierfür wurden zehn Fachkräfte während der Förderung videografiert und von 22 DaZ-Kindern wurde der Sprachstand erfasst. Da für alle Kinder ein Förderbedarf im Verstehen von W-Fragen dokumentiert wurde, konzentriert sich die Auswertung allein auf diesen Bereich. Die Sprache der Fachkraft wurde dabei analysiert nach: a) sprachlicher Flexibilität, d.h. welche Typen von W-Fragen werden produziert; b) Häufigkeit der Zielstruktur, d.h. wie viele W-Fragen werden von der Fachkraft produziert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Sprache der Fachkräfte als nur bedingt adaptiv eingeschätzt werden kann." (Autorenreferat)

It is almost clear that digital content per sé it is not good or bad in relation of "minoritized" languages as it happens for knives, you can cut bred or kill someone. Let us analyse the process in a long-term perspective. Documents and different formats, media and alphabets survived for centuries and millennia reaching us as a legacy from past generations. They are still accessible, readable and mostly understandable. In Pompei (Naples) we can still read graffiti on plasters promoting a Roman politician or supporting a local sport team. Furthermore ancient minority languages such as Etruscan are still readable as well. What will happen in 50, 100 or more years to our documents and, much more concerning, to documents written in "minoritized" languages? As we already discussed on the occasion of the digital preservation meetings and related outcomes and recommendations, the future of digital assets it is not safe at all, digital media are disintegrating, logical formats disappear, and hardware has a short expectation of life. Apart from similar concerns, let's consider, as an assumption, that digital preservation problems will be cleared, which kind of documents, content, knowledge, "culture" will be transferred to future generations? How can we foresee the future not only of "minoritized" languages but also even of main languages that are not the dominant ones? What will happen to "minoritized" languages? Even if today translator, virtual keyboards, extended alphabets, and more really facilitate the creation and translation of documents written in a "minoritized" language into a different language, the concept itself of networking rely on a "common/shared" language. One possible scenario is "minoritized" languages will not "fully" enjoy the opportunities offered by the network while "main" languages and much more "dominant" languages will take full advantages from networking. Information, knowledge will be transmitted, shared mainly through main and dominant languages. Main information channels, research documents, cutting edge technologies will be coded in dominant language. Competitive advantage will be relevant for those who will master that language. This means that at the end the gap between the two realities will increase. If you want to be part of the "leading team", share knowledge and know how, you must write, read, and think in the dominant language.

The study presented in this book is a corpus-based Critical Discourse Analysis of pornography. In its critical spirit, it focuses on the socially contested question whether pornography makes its consumers objectify humans and in particular women in their thinking. Objectification is divided into fragmentation (reducing people to their body parts), physicalization and visualization (conceptualizing people primarily in terms of physical and visual features), deSubjectification (ignoring some people´s perspectives), and passivization (thinking of people as passive participants in events). To study objectification, the study - in its discourse analytical orientation - qualitatively and quantitatively analyses a corpus of pornographic short stories (partly in comparison with a corpus of erotica). It concentrates on linguistic details supposed to contribute to the creation and maintenance of the four conceptualizations mentioned, e.g. the frequencies and lexical variation of lexemes for body parts (fragmentation) and of adjectival and nominal descriptors (physicalization and visualization), thematic elements (deSubjectification), or semantic role patterns in verbs for intercourse (passivization). The conclusion of the analyses is that pornography can be considered to objectify women in the sense of fragmenting, passivizing and physicalizing and visualizing them. Apart from passivization, the differences between women and men, however, are not extreme, suggesting that objectification extends to men, even though in a patriarchal culture, the discriminatory social effects will apply more severely to women than to men. As for deSubjectification, denying women their Subjectivity does not seem to be an essential component of pornography´s objectification. The study does not only add a valuable perspective to the ongoing debate on the effects of pornography, but in combining the usually qualitatively-oriented views of Critical Discourse Analysis with the quantitative methods of corpus analysis it also takes an innovative methodological path, highlighting the great benefits but also the risks and limitations of such an approach. From the contents: Discussing Pornography: Why People are Arguing about Pornography - Researching Pornography: Sexology and Hermeneutics - Researching Pornography: Critical Discourse Analysis - Analysing Pornography: Concrete Features of the Analysis - Fragmentation - Physicalization and Visualization - DeSubjectification - Passivization - Conclusion

'In Deutschland lebende Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund und mangelnder Sprachkompetenz können Bildungschancen häufig nur unzureichend nutzen. Um diesen sprachlichen Defiziten frühzeitig zu begegnen, werden Sprachfördermaßnahmen bereits im Elementarbereich durchgeführt. Die Wirksamkeit solcher Sprachfördermaßnahmen wurde bisher allerdings selten überprüft. Die Landesstiftung Baden-Württemberg hat mit der hier vorgestellten Studie EVAS die Effektivität von durch die Landesstiftung geförderten gezielten Sprachfördermaßnahmen im Vergleich zu unspezifischen Förderaktivitäten im Kindergarten evaluieren lassen. Zusätzlich wurden in dieser Studie die Sprachleistungen geförderter Kinder mit denjenigen von Kindern ohne Förderbedarf verglichen (N=490). Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass unmittelbare Effekte der spezifischen Sprachfördermaßnahmen ausbleiben. Dieser unerwartete Befund legt nahe, die Bedingungen erfolgreicher Sprachförderung zu diskutieren und abzuwägen.' (Autorenreferat)

The general theoretical issues of set phrases have yet to be studied at the level of the requirements of modern linguistics, the position of such language units has not been clearly defined, and their boundaries with other phrases remain uncertain. Issues such as the nature of set phrases, their formation, types, and attitude to other linguistic units, especially words and sentences, features of development, still need to be addressed in linguistics. The article's author explains that set phrases from the point of view of the language are the most exciting units that express the spirit of the people. The main features of stable combinations are their nominative and communicative functions. The author also discusses the differences between set phrases and complimentary combinations of words. Particular attention is paid to connecting complex term combinations to stable combinations.

This book deals with the tension between a strategy of language maintenance (protecting and reinforcing the language where it is still spoken by community members) and a strategy of language revitalization (opening up access to the language to all interested people and encouraging new domains of its use). The case study presented concerns a grammar school in Upper Lusatia, which hosts the coexistence of a community of Upper Sorbian-speakers and a group of German native speakers who are learning Upper Sorbian at school. The tensions between these two groups studying at the same school are presented in this book against the background of various language strategies, practices and ideologies. The conflict of interests between the "traditional" community which perceives itself as the "guardians" of the minority language and its potential new speakers is played off on different levels by policy-makers and may be read through different levels of language policy and planning

Die Studie beleuchtet die Bedeutung der Sprache für die Integration von Migrantinnen und Migranten. Der Hintergrund ist die Entstehung und Verfestigung von ethnischen Schichtungen in so gut wie allen Aufnahmeländern und die Vermutung, dass dabei - wenngleich nicht nur und nicht unabhängig von möglichen anderen Einflüssen, wie etwa soziale Distanzen oder Diskriminierungen - bestimmte Defizite in der Beherrschung der jeweiligen Landessprache eine besonders große Rolle spielen. Die Grundlage der Ausführungen bilden vorzugsweise theoretische und empirische Studien, die die sozialen Bedingungen des (Zweit-)Spracherwerbs bzw. der Entstehung einer (kompetenten) Bilingualität und deren Effekte auf den Bildungs- und Arbeitsmarkterfolg abzuschätzen erlauben. In der Untersuchung werden zunächst einige grundlegende konzeptionelle und theoretische Einzelheiten zur Einordnung der sprachlichen Dimension in die Problematik der Integration von Migranten insgesamt dargestellt. Anschließend geht es um die theoretische Erklärung und die wichtigsten empirischen Zusammenhänge beim (Zweit-)Spracherwerb von Migranten. Der dritte Abschnitt behandelt vor diesem Hintergrund die besonderen Vorgänge und Bedingungen der Entstehung einer (kompetenten) Bilingualität und bespricht einige, teilweise bis heute nicht beigelegte, Debatten in diesem Zusammenhang. Der dann folgende vierte Abschnitt geht auf die Hintergründe von Defiziten in den sprachlichen Schulleistungen und auf deren Bedeutung für die schulischen Leistungen und die Bildungskarriere insgesamt ein, dabei dann auch auf die Wirksamkeit bilingualer Unterrichtsprogramme. Der fünfte Abschnitt behandelt schließlich die Bedeutung sprachlicher Kompetenzen für die Positionierung und den (Einkommens-)Erfolg auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Eine kurze Zusammenfassung der zentralen Ergebnisse beschließt den Forschungsbericht. Demnach lassen sich konsistente Zusammenhänge zwischen Sprache und Integration für unterschiedliche Migrantengruppen und Aufnahmeländer empirisch bestätigen. (ICG2)

Russian vocabulary is the most changeable language level. New vocabulary is a reflection of modern political, cultural and social changes and it may be interesting for different fields of linguistic science and, in our opinion, can be an extraordinary material for studying lexical norms and stylistic features of Russian language. Using new author's vocabulary (protologisms) as language material can be aimed at testing both students' theoretical knowledge of the Russian language and their ability to apply this knowledge in determining the lexical meaning of a word, the relationship of word formation methods with the meaning of a new word, its expressive function, morphological meaning, and the possibility of combining it with other words for inclusion in the structure of an utterance, depending on the sphere of communication. The purpose of this article is to describe ways to include a special category of words in the content of the discipline "Russian language and culture of speech": the author's vocabulary (protologisms). We assume this language material can be used to systematize students' knowledge of the lexical norms of the modern Russian language and the stylistic features of these words. The object of study in this article are protologism as lexical units, which is a kind of new vocabulary of modern Russian language; the subject of research – the possibility of their use as a language material for teaching lexical and stylistic peculiarities of the Russian language.

When speaking of multinormativity, a range of different regulatory regimes and, beyond this, diverse worlds of rules are envisaged. One can only get a hold of these complex phenomena if one looks at them from the perspective of different disciplines and is open to devote oneself to the different languages and vocabularies of these disciplines. Therefore, it is quite plausible to speak of multiple "languages of normativity" when describing and analysing multinormativity. The article attempts this.

In the article the mechanisms of legal regulation of French language are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to politicians in France, as initiators and developers of regulations in support of national language. Speech portraits of representatives of French political elite are considered,politiciansviolations of standardliterary French are identified. ; В статье анализируются механизмы законодательного регулирования французского языка. Особое внимание уделяется политическим деятелям Франции, выступающим инициаторами и разработчиками нормативных актов в поддержку национального языка. Рассматривается речевой портрет представителей французской политической элиты, выявляются случаи нарушения политиками литературной нормы французского языка.