Technologie - Die WG der Welterklärer - Eine Art Carrera-Bahn für Altome: der "Large Hadron Collider"
In: Internationale Politik: das Magazin für globales Denken, Band 63, Heft 1, S. 128-129
ISSN: 1430-175X
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In: Internationale Politik: das Magazin für globales Denken, Band 63, Heft 1, S. 128-129
ISSN: 1430-175X
233 páginas.-- AHEP Group: et al.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv.1001.2693v1.-- Trabajo presentado al "The International Workshop on Beyond the Standard Model Physics and LHC Signatures (BSM-LHC) celebrado en Boston (USA) del 2 al 4 de junio de 2009. ; The Large Hadron Collider presents an unprecedented opportunity to probe the realm of new physics in the TeV region and shed light on some of the core unresolved issues of particle physics. These include the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking, the origin of mass, the possible constituent of cold dark matter, new sources of CP violation needed to explain the baryon excess in the universe, the possible existence of extra gauge groups and extra matter, and importantly the path Nature chooses to resolve the hierarchy problem - is it supersymmetry or extra dimensions. Many models of new physics beyond the standard model contain a hidden sector which can be probed at the LHC. Additionally, the LHC will be a. top factory and accurate measurements of the properties of the top and its rare decays will provide a window to new physics. Further, the LHC could shed light on the origin of neutralino masses if the new physics associated with their generation lies in the TeV region. Finally, the LHC is also a laboratory to test the hypothesis of TeV scale strings and D brane models. An overview of these possibilities is presented in the spirit that it will serve as a companion to the Technical Design Reports (TDRs) by the particle detector groups ATLAS and CMS to facilitate the test of the new theoretical ideas at the LHC. Which of these ideas stands the test of the LHC data will govern the course of particle physics in the subsequent decades. ; Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. H.D. was supported by the US Department of Energy under Grant Contract DE-AC02- 98CH10886. B.D. was supported in part by the DOE grant DE-FG02-95ER40917 and would like to thank his collaborators Richard Arnowitt, Adam Arusano, Rouzbeh Allahverdi, Alfredo Gurrola, Teruki Kamon, Nikolay Kolev, Abram Krislock, Anupam Mazumdar, Yukihiro Mimura and Dave Toback for the works related to this review. D.F. is supported in part by DOE grant DEFG92- 95ER40899. H.G. is supported in part by NSF grant PHY- 0757959 K.K. was supported by US Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. P.L. was supported by NSF grant PHY- 0503584 and by the IBM Einstein Fellowship. G.L. is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02- 91ER40688. Z.L. is supported in part by NSF grant PHY- 0653342 P.N. is supported in part by NSF grant PHY- 0757959. SUSY09 and Pre-SUSY09 were supported by NSF PHY-0834022 and de-sc0001075. B.D.N. was supported by National Science Foundation Grant PHY-0653587. E.P. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-FG02-92ER-40699. J.S. is funded by MICINN and projects FPA2006-05294, FQM101, FQM437 and FQM03048. T.T. is supported in part by NSF grant PHY- 0757959. X.T. thanks the UW IceCube Group for making his visit to Wisconsin, where this report was prepared, possible. This research was supported in part by the United States Department of Energy. Work of J.F.W.V. supported by the US National Science Foundation under grant No. PHY- 0652363, by European Union ITN UNILHC (PITN-GA-2009-237920), by the Consolider Multidark project CSD2009-00064 (MICIIN), by the FPA2008-00319/FPA grant (MICIIN), by the PROMETEO/2009/091 grant (Generalitat Valenciana), by German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) contract 05HT6WWA, and by Colombian grant UdeA Sostenibilidad 2009-2010. C.E.M.W.'s work at ANL is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Div. of HEP, Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. ; Peer reviewed
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In: Synthese: an international journal for epistemology, methodology and philosophy of science, Band 194, Heft 2, S. 313-332
ISSN: 1573-0964
In: Synthese: an international journal for epistemology, methodology and philosophy of science, Band 194, Heft 2, S. 333-354
ISSN: 1573-0964
In: Dialectical anthropology: an independent international journal in the critical tradition committed to the transformation of our society and the humane union of theory and practice, Band 36, Heft 3-4, S. 291-316
ISSN: 1573-0786
In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre-of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries. ; The research, which led to this publication has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant numbers 654305 (EuroCirCol), 764879 (EASITrain), 730871 (ARIES), 777563 (RI-Paths) and from FP7 under grant number 312453 (EuCARD-2).
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This work is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 675440. ; Stakia, A.; Dorigo, T.; Banelli, G.; Bortoletto, D.; Casa, A.; Castro, P. de; Delaere, C.; Donini, J.; Finos, L.; Gallinaro, M.; Giammanco, A.; Held, A.; Jiménez Morales, F.; Kotkowski, G.; Liew, S. P.; Maltoni, F.; Menardi, G.; Papavergou, I.; Saggio, A.; Scarpa, B.; Strong, G. C.; Tosciri, C.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.; Weiler, A.
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The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the European Organisation for Nuclear Research, is the world's highest-energy particle accelerator. Its construction (1995–2008) required frontier technologies and close collaboration between CERN scientists and contracting firms. The literature on "Big Science" projects suggests that this collaboration generated economic spillovers, particularly through technological learning. CERN granted us access to its procurement database, including suppliers of LHC from 35 countries for orders over 10,000 Swiss Francs. We gathered balance-sheet data for more than 350 of these companies from 1991 to 2014, which include the years before and after that of the first order received. The study assesses, in quantitative terms, whether becoming a CERN supplier induced greater R&D effort and innovative capacity, thus enhancing productivity and profitability. The findings – which controlled for firms' observable characteristics, macroeconomic conditions, and unobserved time, country, industry and firm-level fixed effects – indicate a statistically significant correlation between procurement events and company R&D, knowledge creation and economic performance. The correlation is chiefly driven by high-tech orders; for companies receiving non-high-tech orders, it is weaker, or even statistically not significant.
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This paper reviews and extends searches for the direct pair production of the scalar supersymmetric partners of the top and bottom quarks in proton--proton collisions collected by the ATLAS collaboration during the LHC Run 1. Most of the analyses use 20 fb−1 of collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV, although in some case an additional 4.7 fb−1 of collision data at s√=7 TeV are used. New analyses are introduced to improve the sensitivity to specific regions of the model parameter space. Since no evidence of third-generation squarks is found, exclusion limits are derived by combining several analyses and are presented in both a simplified model framework, assuming simple decay chains, as well as within the context of more elaborate phenomenological supersymmetric models. ; We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, UK; DOE and NSF, USA. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), ...
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In: Research Policy, Band 47, Heft 9, S. 1853-1867
Altres ajuts: We acknowledge the support of EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union and MINECO, PIC, Spain. Funded by SCOAP3. ; This paper reviews and extends searches for the direct pair production of the scalar supersymmetric partners of the top and bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions collected by the ATLAS collaboration during the LHC Run 1. Most of the analyses use 20 of collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of TeV, although in some case an additional of collision data at TeV are used. New analyses are introduced to improve the sensitivity to specific regions of the model parameter space. Since no evidence of third-generation squarks is found, exclusion limits are derived by combining several analyses and are presented in both a simplified model framework, assuming simple decay chains, as well as within the context of more elaborate phenomenological supersymmetric models.
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BMWFW (Austria) ; FWF (Austria) ; FNRS (Belgium) ; FWO (Belgium) ; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) ; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) ; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) ; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) ; MES (Bulgaria) ; CERN ; CAS (China) ; MoST (China) ; NSFC (China) ; COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) ; MSES (Croatia) ; CSF (Croatia) ; RPF (Cyprus) ; SENESCYT (Ecuador) ; MoER (Estonia) ; ERC IUT (Estonia) ; ERDF (Estonia) ; Academy of Finland (Finland) ; MEC (Finland) ; HIP (Finland) ; CEA (France) ; CNRS/IN2P3 (France) ; BMBF (Germany) ; DFG (Germany) ; HGF (Germany) ; GSRT (Greece) ; OTKA (Hungary) ; NIH (Hungary) ; DAE (India) ; DST (India) ; IPM (Iran) ; SFI (Ireland) ; INFN (Italy) ; MSIP (Republic of Korea) ; NRF (Republic of Korea) ; LAS (Lithuania) ; MOE (Malaysia) ; UM (Malaysia) ; BUAP (Mexico) ; CINVESTAV (Mexico) ; CONACYT (Mexico) ; LNS (Mexico) ; SEP (Mexico) ; UASLP-FAI (Mexico) ; MBIE (New Zealand) ; PAEC (Pakistan) ; MSHE (Poland) ; NSC (Poland) ; FCT (Portugal) ; JINR (Dubna) ; MON (Russia) ; RosAtom (Russia) ; RAS (Russia) ; RFBR (Russia) ; RAEP (Russia) ; MESTD (Serbia) ; SEIDI (Spain) ; CPAN (Spain) ; PCTI (Spain) ; FEDER (Spain) ; MST (Taipei) ; ThEP-Center (Thailand) ; IPST (Thailand) ; STAR (Thailand) ; NSTDA (Thailand) ; TUBITAK (Turkey) ; TAEK (Turkey) ; NASU (Ukraine) ; SFFR (Ukraine) ; STFC (United Kingdom) ; DOE (USA) ; NSF (USA) ; Marie-Curie program ; European Research Council ; European Union ; Leventis Foundation ; A. P. Sloan Foundation ; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation ; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office ; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium) ; Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium) ; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic ; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India ; HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science - European Union, Regional Development Fund ; Ministry of Science and Higher Education ; National Science Center (Poland) ; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund ; Programa Clarin-COFUND del Principado de Asturias ; Thalis program - EU-ESF ; Aristeia program - EU-ESF ; Greek NSRF ; Rachadapisek Sompot Fund ; Chulalongkorn University ; Chulalongkorn Academic into its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand) ; Welch Foundation ; European Union: 675440 ; National Science Center (Poland): 2014/14/M/ST2/00428 ; National Science Center (Poland): 2014/13/B/ST2/02543 ; National Science Center (Poland): 2014/15/B/ST2/03998 ; National Science Center (Poland): 2015/19/B/ST2/02861 ; National Science Center (Poland): 2012/07/E/ST2/01406 ; Welch Foundation: C-1845 ; Charge-dependent azimuthal correlations of same-and opposite-sign pairs with respect to the second-and third-order event planes have been measured in pPb collisions at root s(NN) = 8.16 TeV and PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is motivated by the search for the charge separation phenomenon predicted by the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in heavy ion collisions. Three-and two-particle azimuthal correlators are extracted as functions of the pseudorapidity difference, the transverse momentum (p(T)) difference, and the p(T) average of same-and opposite-charge pairs in various event multiplicity ranges. The data suggest that the charge-dependent three-particle correlators with respect to the second-and third-order event planes share a common origin, predominantly arising from charge-dependent two-particle azimuthal correlations coupled with an anisotropic flow. The CME is expected to lead to a v(2)-independent three-particle correlation when the magnetic field is fixed. Using an event shape engineering technique, upper limits on the v(2)-independent fraction of the three-particle correlator are estimated to be 13% for pPb and 7% for PbPb collisions at 95% confidence level. The results of this analysis, both the dominance of two-particle correlations as a source of the three-particle results and the similarities seen between PbPb and pPb, provide stringent constraints on the origin of charge-dependent three-particle azimuthal correlations and challenge their interpretation as arising from a chiral magnetic effect in heavy ion collisions.
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In: Keesing's record of world events: record of national and internat. current affairs with continually updated indexes ; Keesing's factual reports are based on information obtained from press, broadcasting, official and other sources, Band 56, Heft 11
ISSN: 0950-6128