Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the problems of the ideological impact of the law on social processes. The law should have an educational impact on society, this should be a priority for the development of legislation.

The essence of concepts of the legal law and the rule of law is analyzed in the article. An increased attention is given to the legal regulation of law enforcement, law application activities, the qualitative transformation of the political and state-legal system, the formation of civil society and the supremacy of law, the growth of the value of law and the strengthening of law.One of the objective trends in the development of the legislation of modern Russia is to increase the social significance and authority of the legal law as an act at the top of the legal system on which the level of the rule of law of any civilized society depends. ; В статье проанализирована сущность понятий правового закона и правовой законности. Усиленное внимание отводится правовому регулированию правоохранительной, правоприменительной деятельности, качественному преобразованию политической и государственно-правовой системы, становлению гражданского общества и правового государства, роста ценности права и укрепления законности.Одной из объективных тенденций развития законодательства современной России является повышение социальной значимости и авторитета правового закона как акта, стоящего на вершине правовой системы, от которого зависит и уровень правовой законности любого цивилизованного общества.

Сборник подготовлен по результатам І-ой Международной научно-практической конференции, прошедшей 8 февраля 2018 г. в ГОУ ВПО «Донбасская юридическая академия». Сборник предназначен для юристов, научных работников, специалистов государственной и муниципальной службы, преподавателей высшей школы, адъюнктов, аспирантов, магистрантов, студентов, курсантов и для тех, кто интересуется вопросами подготовки специалистов в военной и правовой сферах. The compilation was prepared according to the results of the I-st International Scientific and Practical Conference held on February 8, 2018 in the GOU VPO "Donbass Law Academy". The collection is intended for lawyers, researchers, specialists state and municipal services, teachers of higher education, adjuncts, graduate students, undergraduates, students, cadets and for those interested in the issues of training specialists in the military and legal spheres.

In the modern epoch many countries, including China and Russia, have developed market economies of differing types. This work provides an analysis of the laws of market regulation, state regulation and proportional development, as well as an analysis of the relations between them, all of which are of exceptional scientific and political significance. The law of proportionality is a universal law of social production and of the national economy. The law of market regulation (the law of value) represents an important mechanism for implementing the law of proportionality in a commodity economy, and has played a decisive role in the application of this latter law from the time when the simple commodity economy was transformed into a capitalist commodity economy. The law of state regulation (the law of planning) is the means of realisation of the law of proportionality in collectivised production and in a state-regulated national economy. In China's socialist market economy the law of state regulation (the law of planning) and the law of market regulation (the law of value) are combined into an organic whole with fruitful, mutually reinforcing functions and synergetic effects, in order to bring the law of proportional development into play and to banish the old economic problem of disproportions in economic development. Through these methods, a larger mass of production can be achieved with a smaller expenditure of resources, while obtaining maximum benefit and bringing about a high level of economic and social well-being.

The subject. The paper deals with the search for the place of judicial administrative procedural law in the system of Russian law.The purpose of the paper is to identify is the judicial administrative procedural law an independent branch of Russian law.Methodology. The author uses the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as dialectic approach. The formal-legal interpretation of the Code of Administrative Proceedings, the Code of Administrative Offences, the Commercial Procedure Code, the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and is also used.The main results and scope of their application. The adoption of the Code of Administrative Proceedings in Russia in 2015 revealed many problems in science and legislation. A legislative decision to adopt the Code of Administrative Proceedings is considered as a political decision taken without a proper scientific basis and contrary to established scientific doctrine. Definitions of such basic concepts as "administrative process", "administrative dispute", "administrative justice", and others have not been developed in the period up to 2015 and to date, There is a mention of "administrative legal proceedings" as one of the types, along with civil, criminal and constitutional types of legal proceedings, in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. But administrative procedural legislation is referred to the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in contrast to other procedural laws, in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Representatives of the science of civil procedural law, with reference to legal theorists, called judicial administrative procedural law (which is referred to the Code of Administrative Proceedings) the secondary formation, a sub - branch of the fundamental (profiling) branch of civil procedural law. The purpose of judicial administrative procedural law – enforcement of substantive law and conflict resolution in the field of administrative and other public relations. It is noted that the public-legal dispute is not limited to the interaction of the citizen with the executive power. Civil procedural regulation of judicial review of cases arising from public relations is a procedural mechanism of judicial protection of constitutional rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The Code of Administrative Proceedings lowers the status of cases arising from public legal relations to the status of cases arising from administrative legal relations. Representatives of the science of administrative law and procedure, on the contrary, believe that the adoption of the Code of Administrative Proceedings becomes the final act in the formation of a new branch of law – administrative judicial law, although it is a political decision and it's rules are practically copied from the Civil Procedure Code. At the same time, it is recognized that the Code of Administrative Proceedings needs scientific support, which still needs to be created. An alarming factor is the fact that some scientists propose to include cases concerning imposition of administrative sanctions in the this forming branch of law, although it mixes in fact disputes between individuals and a public entity and imposition of administrative sanctions to the offender by the court.Conclusions. It is premature to say that judicial administrative procedural law has emerged as an independent branch of Russian law. Prospects for further development of administrative proceedings are very uncertain due to the high proportion of subjective, political factors in the legislative process. ; Рассматривается поэтапное движение законодательства и научной мысли от неупорядоченного выделения «административных» дел, рассматриваемых судом, к единым процессуальным правилам. Обосновывается авторская точка зрения, что полярные мнения в науке, в совокупности с противоречивыми и непоследовательными действиями законодателя, в настоящее время не позволяют утверждать о наличии новой отрасли права, предметом которой стало бы рассмотрение различных административных дел. Одного лишь законодательного шага – принятия Кодекса административного судопроизводства – при существующей терминологической путанице, неопределенности с предметом и методами регулирования, недостаточно для утверждения новой отрасли права.

В статье исследуется проблема эволюции принципов жилищного права. Автором сравниваются различные подходы к их возникновению и закреплению как в теории, так и в действующем законодательстве. В статье делаются выводы о специфике принципов жилищного права и необходимости совершенствования жилищного законодательства в этой части. ; The paper investigates the problem of the evolution of the principles of housing law. The author compares different approaches to their emergence and consolidation, both in theory and in the current legislation. The paper draws conclusions about the specifics of the principles of housing law and the need to improve housing laws.

This article deals with the issues of regulation of property relations of spouses in private international law. The article deals with the conflict issues of marriage, as well as the contractual regime of a property of spouses. The article reveals the content of the Minsk and Chisinau conventions on property relations between spouses. In particular, the conventions say that the property relations between spouses are determined by the legislation of the Contracting Party in whose territory they live together. If the husband lives in one Contracting State and the wife in the other and both have the same nationality, the law of the country of which they are nationals governs their property relations. Attention is paid to bilateral agreements on legal assistance to States in the field of property relations between spouses. For example, such an agreement exists between Russia and Estonia, and it helps to resolve various property issues between spouses. The domestic legislation of different States regulates the issue of determining the regime of matrimonial property in different ways. For example, in the States of the Anglo-Saxon legal system and in most Muslim countries there is only a regime of separate property. On the contrary, in the States of the Romano-German legal system, preference is given to the regime of the common property of spouses, and it is possible to establish a different regime of property relations by agreement of the spouses. According to this principle, and developing family law in Russia.

Раздел "Международное право" ; Среди ученых нет однозначного мнения относительно места таможенного права в правовой системе. Под таможенным правом понимают институт административного права, подотрасль административного права, самостоятельную комплексную отрасль административного права либо комплексную отрасль законодательства. Исследование правовой природы показывает, что в современном таможенном праве можно выделить наднациональную (международную) и национальную части. Наднациональная часть включает нормы Таможенного кодекса таможенного союза и иных нормативных актов, которые принимаются международными договорами. Нормы национальной части принимаются законодательными актами страны. Таким образом, таможенное право — комплексная отрасль права, регулирующая общественные отношения в сфере перемещения товаров через таможенную границу Таможенного союза. = Scientists differ in their opinions regarding the place of customs law in the legal system. Customs law is understood as the institute of administrative law, a sub-branch of administrative law, a separate complex branch of administrative law or a complex branch of legislation. The research of its legal nature shows that it is possible to distinguish supranational (international) and national parts within the contemporary customs law. The supranational part includes the Customs Code norms of the Customs Union and other legal acts which are adopted by international treaties. The norms included into the national part are adopted by legislative acts of the country. Thereby, customs law is a complex branch of law regulating public relations in the sphere of movement of goods across the customs border of the Customs Union.

The article is devoted to the problem of the origin of the earliest ideas about themeaning of positive law in the jurisprudence of Ancient Rome and the ancient Romanlegal consciousness and legal culture. The distinction between law and legislation, therole and status of positive law in the legal system, its evaluation from the point of viewof compliance with the idea of law – ideas, specific to different types of legal consciousnessof a later period originated in the legal doctrine of Ancient Rome. The problem ofnorms of the Roman law is examined from the point of view of modern ideas about therule of law; its features in relation to this historical period are distinguished. The authorscome to the conclusion that the characteristic of Ancient Rome multiplicity of sources oflaw led philosophers and lawyers to the allocation of a special concept of law, unitingthe entire set of regulations of the normative nature. ; Статья посвящена проблеме зарождения наиболее ранних представлений о значении позитивного права в юриспруденции Древнего Рима и древнеримском правовосознании и правовой культуре в целом. Разграничение права и закона, роль и положение позитивного права в системе права, его оценка с точки зрения соответствия идее права – идеи, характерные для различных типов правопонимания более позднего периода, берут начало именно в юридической доктрине Древнего Рима. Исследуется проблема норм римского права с точки зрения современных представлений о норме права, выделяются ее особенности применительно к рассматриваемому историческому периоду. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что характерная для Древнего Рима множественность источников права привела философов и юристов к выделению специального понятия права, объединяющего всю совокупность предписаний нормативного характера.

в данной статье исследуется механизм законотворческого процесса через правовой институт законотворчества. Целью статьи является определение элементов законотворчества ; которые одновременно являются факторами воздействия на законотворческий процесс. Сформулированы основные компоненты законотворчества ; вводится определение в единстве понимания законодательного процесса. Предложены раскрытие структуры элементов ; обеспечивающих комплекс законодательных процедур ; in this article the author investigates the mechanism of the law-making process through the legal institution of law-making. The aim of the article is to identify the elements of law-making which are simultaneously the factors of influence on the law-making process. Basic components of the law-making are formulated ; the definition in the unity of the law-making process understanding is introduced. Disclosed elements of the structure are proposed ; providing complex of legislative procedures

The relevance of the topic of a scientific article is related to the frequent cases in practice when there is a dispute over the application of the law of a particular state. With the help of the analysis of family law and private international law, a circle of subjects of legal relations is established that is connected with maintenance obligations complicated by a foreign element. In modern times there are many problems, in particular, the consequences of the dissolution of a marriage between spouses (one of whom is a foreign citizen) in the presence of minor children are poorly regulated internationally. The main problem in resolving issues related to alimony relations is the definition of applicable law. That is the law of which country (the right of citizenship of the husband's state or the right of citizenship of the wife's state) will be applied to resolve the dispute. In this paper, we will consider existing problems and offer our own vision of ways to solve such problems.

Russian scientists attach great importance to one of the fundamental principles of private international law – the principle of the closest connection. The concept of the closest connection was developed in England on the basis of case law, the rules of which were created by judges in court decisions on specific cases. The legislator has included the principle of closest connection to the civil code, however, in light of the changes it made in the reforms of 2013, the closest connection principle was assigned a secondary role in relation to the principle of characteristic performance. The main purpose of the principle of the closest connection is to find the law and order that can most effectively regulate cross-border relations. The court will have to determine the will of the parties to the contractual relationship, aimed at choosing the right. Therefore, a close relationship is established based on the court's assumption of what right the parties would have chosen if they had considered this issue. The principle of the closest connection, in connection with this approach, often loses its independent significance. Article 1187 of the civil code of the Russian Federation does not specify the conditions of its application, as well as the scope of its action. For this reason, the category of the closest relationship is universal and applies regardless of the nature of the cross-border civil relationship. Russian legislation does not have clear criteria for determining the closest relationship, which may lead to a subjective decision by the court. In this regard, the study of problems related to the application of the principle of the closest connection in judicial practice is undoubtedly relevant.

In the article there is given a general overview of the sources of the international sport law, which is a new dynamically developing branch of law. The author underlines that international sport law unites norms of international law and national legislation regulating sport relations of international nature.

The subject. Modern law enforcement is considered in harmony with the spiritual and moral foundations of legal culture through the use of ideas and approaches of Roman law.The purpose. An attempt has been made to assess the influence of Roman Law on Russian constitutionalism and modern law enforcement on the basis of the spiritual and moral traditions of Russian legal culture.The methodology. Methods of dialectical logic, analysis and synthesis, comparative-historical, formal-legal methods were used. The main method is comparison of foundations of Roman law with the basic principles of Russian constitutionalism.The main results and scope of their application. The problem of influence of Roman law on Russian constitutionalism and, in general, on the basis of modern Russian law enforcement is raised. If universalism and individualism should be believed as the foundations of classical Roman law, then the basis of Russian law is community and social solidarity. In Russia collective property and joint work as well as ancestral structure in the form of a rural community reached the modern times, while in ancient Rome their disappearance was the basis of the formation of Roman law. National peculiarities of the Russian legal and political systems are determined by cultural-historical (civilizational) circumstances, especially by the natural and climatic factors. It was in the communal world of Russia that the idea of Christian equality has formed the basis of the model of life, while in Western Europe the community has followed the path of individualization of the individual and differentiation of elites and masses according to the criteria of social success. The absolute belief in law as a phenomenon of social planning and a tool for compromise between different parts of society, inherited from Roman law, formed the Romano-German and Anglo-Saxon worldview, but it did not take root in Russian legal culture. Modern Russian constitutionalism, while poorly considering the Roman-Byzantine origins of national Russian law, is wrong in its denial of the national-cultural and historical adaptation of European legal institutions and principles.Conclusions. One of the important results of the study is the conclusion that the social value of Roman law in Russian Constitutionalism includes the moral mission of Roman law and a high assessment of the normative value of the heritage of Roman law. The value depravity of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation can be eliminated, its defects can and should be corrected on the basis of the Roman law tradition, but this should be done only by adequately assessing the own experience of law enforcement, the thousand-year state- legal and spiritual development of the Russian civilization. ; Современное правоприменение рассматривается в гармонии с духовно-нравственными основами правовой культуры через использование идей и подходов римского права. Также преследуется цель выявить влияние римского публичного права на российский конституционализм. В исследовании использованы методы диалектической логики, сравнительно-исторический, формально-юридический и др. Утверждается, что российский конституционализм, слабо учитывая римско-византийские истоки национального русского права, ошибочен своим отрицанием национальной культурно-исторической традиции в адаптации европейских правовых институтов и принципов. Ныне исключительную роль играют духовно-нравственные и религиозные критерии дальнейшего развития государств. Определение роли римского права в российском конституционализме включает в себя высокую оценку нормативного значения институтов и принципов римского права и нравственную миссию римского права в процессе правоприменения.

The subject of the research is the categories "the spirit of the law" and "the letter of the law" in their regulatory sense.The purpose of the research is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that the concept of "the spirit of the law" fundamentally impacts the methodology of legal research, legal con-sciousness and the mechanism of legal regulation.The methodology for researching the spirit of the law presupposes an adequate selection of means of knowledge. It is impossible to study the spirit of the law with the tools of ma-terialism or economic determinism. The spiritual-moral, axiological, metaphysical, systemic methods and the method of synthesis are preferred for the study of the spirit of the law. The legal system of society ceases to meet the elementary requirements of the formation of a person's legal consciousness, his improvement and spiritual health when the spirit of the law is denied. It is generally impossible to understand how law functions and achieves a regulatory effect using the dogmatic, positivist approach to law as a dominant method of cognition.The main results, scope of application. The problem of the operation of the spirit of the law is one of the ignored problems of legal practice. If the legal act is at odds with the spirit of the law, the law enforcer faces a difficult choice: either morality or law. This dilemma is fraught with serious conflicts both in the mental, psychological sphere of the law enforce-ment officer himself, and between all participants in the legal process. Every person has an internal imbalance if he makes decisions and performs actions that are contrary to his con-science. Jurisprudence, which adequately perceives the subordination between the spirit of the law and the letter of the law, warns against the temptation to consider law as a sphere independent of spiritual absolutes. The current law is not exactly what is set out in the texts of regulatory acts. Distinguishing between the spirit of the law and the letter of the law, therefore, requires special types of interpretation of texts (broad, restrictive), as well as analogies of legislation and analogies of law. ; Категории «дух права» и «буква закона» исследуются в их нормативном значении. Обосновывается фундаментальность понятия «дух права» для методологии правовых исследований, правосознания и механизма правового регулирования. Отмечается, что дуализм духа права и буквы закона заключается в несовпадении их природы. Дух права выражает идеи, принципы, символы и ценности, способные быть регулятивными, тогда как буква закона есть совокупность документально выраженных норм, которые обладают конститутивной сущностью. Дух права составляет коренную основу правового сознания общества. В праве, как и в искусстве, воздействующем на сознание и поведение человека, главное – его дух, смысл и образ: только тогда форма права приобретает полноту и целостность своих функциональных характеристик.