Suchergebnisse

1940 year was very significant in the life of Römer, because he abandoned Kaunas for Vilnius. In the same time the great lawyer ended his activity as arector of Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas what, together with the effect of migration, limited in many areas the possibility of effective collaboration with Lithuanian government. In ancient Gediminas capital Römer not only worked at the University, but also made many efforts for coexistence Poles and Lithuanians. But after six months, after the unification of Baltic Republics with USSR, the situation seriously changed. Römer as the "socially alienated" and "pol­itically unsafe" was not avaluable person in the eyes of Soviet clerks, so he went to the "internal emigration", but constantly taught at the University as the lecturer of objective science.

1940 year was very significant in the life of Römer, because he abandoned Kaunas for Vilnius. In the same time the great lawyer ended his activity as arector of Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas what, together with the effect of migration, limited in many areas the possibility of effective collaboration with Lithuanian government. In ancient Gediminas capital Römer not only worked at the University, but also made many efforts for coexistence Poles and Lithuanians. But after six months, after the unification of Baltic Republics with USSR, the situation seriously changed. Römer as the "socially alienated" and "pol­itically unsafe" was not avaluable person in the eyes of Soviet clerks, so he went to the "internal emigration", but constantly taught at the University as the lecturer of objective science.

La Vida de Adof Hitler: El Haman Moderno (The LIfe of Adolf Hitler: The Modern Haman), Salonica, 1933, text and content of a Ladino booklet / by Shmuel Refael -- Bibliography -- Supplement to the Axion Newspaper [English translation of the booklet] -- Translator's note -- Supplement to the Axion newspaper (the Ladino text) -- Documents

This book aims at revealing the trends of development of the spoken Polish language in Lithuania and drawing attention to the impact of the Russian, Lithuanian and Belarusian languages on contemporary Polish which is currently used in Lithuania. Based on the results of observing the formal and informal use of the Polish language in a public space as well as in private the publication presents a socio-linguistic approach regarding the issues concerning the language culture. The greatest focus falls on the elimination of the most frequent mistakes penetrating the formal speaking. The didactic teaching resource has been developed based on the programme of contemporary advanced Polish and it is designed for students studying humanitarian sciences in Vilnius University and those who are concerned with correctness of the Polish language. The book consists of theoretical and practical parts; the material of the latter is divided into 12 topics. Each topic is finished with self-control tasks which may be used by students for testing their knowledge and skills. The reference list is provided at the very end of the publication. The fact that Polish is primarily used as the spoken language in Lithuania is taken into consideration in the thesis. The Poles use the Polish language in a private environment, they use it for communication with family members (especially with people of older generations). The language is also used in informal situations in a public space, i.e. when communicating with neighbours and acquaintances. In the latter case other languages are used as well. Almost all Poles residing in Lithuania know three languages (Lithuanian, Russian and Polish); "the new Polish intellectuals" (Kurzowa 1992: 131) speak standard Polish at home. The goal of the lectures is to promote the language culture and linguistic self-awareness as it will influence further linguistic changes. The analysis focuses on lexical changes which have been taking place during the last decades in the language of Lithuanian Polish intellectuals. Linguistic processes which are taking place are similar to the development of the standard Polish language (new terms for economic, political, educational and cultural phenomena emerge, new connotations are attributed to the words); nevertheless, specific features of the Polish language used in Lithuania remain and the development itself is slower. The quality of said changes depends on the impact made by Lithuanian and Russian languages, new words corresponding with the Lithuanian realia are created, new borrowings from Lithuanian and Russian appear, dialecticisms are used as well as linguistic elements of social varieties. The interferential lexis is characteristic of many phraseological novelties related to phenomena of the social and economic nature. Many officially used phraseological novelties have a colloquial connotation; the stylistic and expressive evaluation of the contemporary Polish language are thus neutralised, for instance, stylistic and linguistic means, which do not correspond with the standards of the official language, namely colloquial words, abbreviations, dialecticisms and expressive borrowings, may be observed in mass media. Lectures promote the culture of the Polish language, since the knowledge of the standard Polish language would allow understanding the rapidly changing contemporary Polish culture and participating in the dialogue between Poland and Lithuania.