Suchergebnisse

El aprendizaje es un proceso continuo, permanente, que acompaña al ser humano durante toda la vida. La educación universitaria venezolana tiene el compromiso moral y legal de asumir la fase formal de este proceso, ante los retos de una sociedad moderna, complejizada y "envejeciente". Este contexto motivó el desarrollo de la presente disertación, que aborda los aspectos filosóficos-legales de la educación universitaria para el adulto mayor en Venezuela. En esta formación académico-universitaria del geronte venezolano, se visualiza la pertinencia de implementar un programa de educación gerontológica universitaria en el país, fundamentada en aspectos tales como: cambios en los indicadores demográficos y socioeconómicos, habilidades cognitivas de reserva en el geronte y el derecho universal a la educación. En las reflexiones finales se puntualiza la necesidad de consolidar una educación universitaria para toda la vida, reformada en valores, abierta y democrática, adaptada a la realidad biopsicosocial del adulto mayor, que le permita de manera eficaz y satisfactoria, contribuir con el desarrollo nacional y la concepción de ese nuevo "Ser" venezolano. ; Learning is an ongoing, permanent process that accompanies the human being throughout life. Venezuelan university education has the moral and legal commitment to assume the formal phase of this process, facing the challenges of a modern, complex and "aging" society. This context motivated the development of the present dissertation that addresses the philosophical-legal aspects of university education for the elderly in Venezuela. In this academic-university formation, the Venezuelan geronte, in which the pertinence of implementing a program of university gerontology education in the country, based on such aspects as: changes in demographic and socioeconomic indicators, cognitive reserve skills in the geronte and the universal right to education. The final reflections emphasize the need to consolidate a university education for life, reformed in values, open and democratic, adapted to the biopsychosocial reality of the elderly, allowing him to effectively and satisfactorily contribute to national development and The conception of this new "Being" Venezuelan. ; 149-183

I. INITIAL POSITION. II. A EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK IN THE FIELDS OF COMPETITION LAW. III. OVERVIEW OF THE LEGAL MEASURES AGAINST THE FINANCIAL TURMOIL. IV. LIQUIDITY CARE (IBSG): 1. Measures of liquidity care. 2. Austrian Clearingbank AG. 3. Guarantees for debentures. 4. Stipulation of a time of the IBSG. V. RE-CAPITALISATION (FINSTAG): 1. Measures of re-capitalisation. 2. Instrument of the FinStaG. 3. Conditions and requirements for the re-capitalisation and also for emission liability accoding to the IBSG. VI. COMMON ASPECTS OF THE IBSG AND THE FINSTAG. VII. DEPOSIT-GUARANTEE: 1. Recent changes. 2. Future of deposit-guarantee. VIII. OTHER ACCOMPANYING MEASURES: 1. Authorization of the Financial Market Authority to the order of a capital add-on. 2. Empowerment of the Financial Market Authority on the regulation of short sales. 3. Reporting obligations of the Financial Market Authority regarding the FinStaG. 4. Amendment of valuation rules in the Insurance Supervisory Act. 5. Future-oriented investor-compensation. IX. THE SPANISH REGULATIONS IN COMPARISON. 1. Overview. 2. Fund for Acquisition of Financial Assets from Financial Institutions. 3. Guarantee Scheme for Credit Institution. 4. Deposit-Guarantee and Investor-Compensation Scheme. 5. Conclusion. X. INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY OUTLOOK AFTER THE FINANCIAL TURMOIL: 1. Rating Agencies. 2. Deposit-Guarantee. 3. Tax Havens. XI. CONCLUDING REMARK. ; En muchos países se ha puesto de manifiesto que para poder superar de forma rápida y eficiente la crisis del mercado financiero era necesaria la intervención estatal. Con el objetivo de evitar daños a la economía austriaca, se ha adoptado un paquete de medidas que permitan mantener la estabilidad del sector financiero nacional. Para intervenciones directas Austria ha creado un fondo de rescate de cien mil millones de euros. Además, también se contemplan una serie de regulaciones complementarias que no requieren de fondos específicos. En este trabajo se exponen conjuntamente todas las medidas y reformas legislativas que se ...

En el marco de las 49° Jornadas Argentinas de Informática (49JAIIO), co-organizadas por la Sociedad Argentina de Informática (SADIO) y la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FI-UBA), se realizaron varias actividades relacionadas a los cambios en la gestión y la preservación del conocimiento histórico sobre la informática en la Argentina y América Latina. El objetivo principal de este artículo es relevar y analizar estas actividades relacionadas a los archivos de la informática nacional. En primer lugar, se analizan cuatro de las actividades más relevantes realizadas en las 49JAIIO sobre, entre otros, archivos, software, museos y memorias. En segundo lugar, se presentan los avances alcanzados (un informe técnico) sobre la intervención patrimonial, puesta en valor y construcción del Archivo SADIO. El artículo forma parte de una investigación mayor sobre la construcción, disponibilización y resguardo de archivos históricos, la democratización del conocimiento y la consolidación de las inteligencias público-comunitarias. ; Within the framework of the 49th Jornadas Argentinas de Informática (49JAIIO), co-organized by the Sociedad Argentina de Informática (SADIO) and the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Buenos Aires (FI-UBA), several activities were carried out related to changes in the management and preservation of historical knowledge about computer science in Argentina and Latin America. The main objective of this article is to describe and analyze these activities related to the archive of national informatics. In the first place, are analyzed four of the most relevant activities carried out in the 49JAIIO on, among others, archives, software, museums and memories. Secondly, is presented the progress made (a technical report) on the patrimonial intervention, enhancement and construction of the SADIO Archive. The article is part of a larger investigation on the construction, availability and protection of historical archives, the democratization of knowledge and the consolidation of public-communitarian intelligences. ; Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa

Urban planning faces a new challenge: the double need to curb climate change and, more importantly, to cope with the risks posed by new resilient planning. It is not only about planning new growth capable of resisting the increasingly real threat of climate, it is also about guaranteeing conservation of the most vulnerable areas, avoiding new construction or even ensuring the demolition or relocation of existing buildings. This article focuses on analyses of previous experiences in urban planning and on the legal instruments to adapt the coast to comparative law. It analyses the limits and possibilities of urban planning legislation to address climate change. In many cases, this creates a complex legal problem regarding the urban development rights of private property owners and supposes a real collective challenge for the future. ; Un nuevo reto recae sobre el urbanismo: la doble necesidad de frenar el cambio climático y, sobre todo, de hacer frente a los riesgos que este nos plantea mediante nuevos planeamientos resilientes. No se trata solo de planificar nuevos crecimientos capaces de resistir a las amenazas cada vez más reales del clima, sino de garantizar la conservación de los espacios más vulnerables, evitando que se vuelva a construir en ellos o incluso asegurando el derribo o traslado de las construcciones existentes. Este artículo se centra —a partir del análisis de experiencias previas en materia urbanística y de los instrumentos de adaptación de la costa en el derecho comparado— en analizar los límites y las posibilidades de la legislación urbanística para hacer frente a la adaptación al cambio climático, lo que plantea, en muchos casos, un problema jurídico complejo en torno a los derechos urbanísticos del propietario privado y un auténtico reto colectivo de futuro.

There are a number of questions in the theory and practice of law: "Who is a child?" "When does childhood begin and end?", "What is the definition of the term 'child'?", "What does the concept of 'child' include and what is the content that makes it up?". In this vein, the aim of the article was to analyze the issue of children's rights, the discussion of which is still under debate and does not fully satisfy all parties involved. The authors used a set of methods including: logical, chronological and systematic approaches, comparative analysis, as well as the results of social surveys, literature analysis and statistical methods. As a result, the content and essence of such historical and legal terms as "Rushd", "adna sinn al-bulug", "murohiq" were clarified. The authors conclude that at present there is a disagreement among researchers in determining the legal status of the concept of "child" and in elaborating the definition of "child" itself, so one of the ways to solve this problem is the proposal to change the legal definition of the concept of "child" by expanding its scope and meanings.

The active presence of Iranian women in the public arena and their efforts to obtain equal rights date back to the early twentieth century, when the Constitutional Revolution took place in Iran. The Constitutional Revolution of 1906 was a liberal movement aimed at creating a Parliament, limiting the Shah's powers and enforcing constitutional laws. This article will explore the historical background of the women's movement in Iran, in order to identify all the means utilized to demand equality in order to trace the process of demanding equality and the obstacles that Iranian women have encountered in their efforts to achieve it. It looks at the transformation of women's rights movement in the context of socio-legal reforms in the country. The study will examine three distinct periods in the women's rights movement, with particular focus on the post-1979 Revolution era. The Qajar Dynasty, 1796-1921, where women were systematically and socio-culturally deprived of their basic economic, social and political rights. The Pahlavi era, 1925-79, where there was a period of some positive changes for women. Finally, post-1979 Revolution and the rise of the Islamic Republic, where women lost the rights they had previously obtained. This study will attempt to demonstrate that though legal equality has yet to be obtained by Iranian women, they continue to actively pursue it. In this pursuit, they have successfully challenged the gender bias of the Iranian legal system, and it has lost its legitimacy. More pertinently, the social context has been primed to accommodate equal rights for women ; La presència activa de dones iranianes en l'arena pública i els seus esforços per obtenir la igualtat de drets es remunten a principis del segle XX, quan va tenir lloc la Revolució Constitucional a l'Iran. La Revolució de 1906 va ser un moviment liberal destinat a crear un Parlament, limitar els poders del Xa i fer complir les lleis constitucionals. Aquest article explorarà els antecedents històrics del moviment de dones a l'Iran, per tal d'identificar tots els mitjans utilitzats per exigir la igualtat per tal de rastrejar el procés d'exigència de la igualtat i els obstacles que trobats en els seus esforços per aconseguir-ho. Analitza la transformació del moviment pels drets de les dones en el context de les reformoes socio-legals al país. L'estudi examinarà tres períodes diferents en el moviment pels drets de les dones, amb especial atenció a l'era de la Revolució posterior a 1979; la dinastia Qajar, 1796-1921, on les dones van ser privades sistemàtica i socioculturalment dels seus drets econòmics, socials i polítics bàsics, l'era Pahlavi, 1925-1979, on hi va haver un període d'alguns canvis positius per a les dones. Finalment, la Revolució posterior a 1979 i el sorgiment de la República Islàmica, on les dones van perdre els drets que havien obtingut amb anterioritat. Aquest estudi intentarà demostrar que, tot i que les dones iranianes encara no han aconseguit la igualtat legal, continuen perseguint activament. En aquesta recerca, les dones han desafiat amb èxit el biaix de gènere del sistema legal iranià, el qual ha perdut en això la seva legitimitat. De forma més rellevant, el context social ha anat evolucionant per tal de donar cauda a la igualtat de drets per a les dones. ; La presencia activa de mujeres iraníes en la arena pública y sus esfuerzos por obtener la igualdad de derechos se remontan a principios del siglo XX, cuando tuvo lugar la Revolución Constitucional en Irán. La Revolución de 1906 fue un movimiento liberal destinado a crear un Parlamento, limitar los poderes del Sha y hacer cumplir las leyes constitucionales. Este artículo explorará los antecedes históricos del movimiento de mujeres en Irán, con el fin de identificar todos los medios utilizados para exigir la igualdad a fin de rastrear el proceso de exigencia de la igualdad y los obstáculos que encontrados en sus esfuerzos para lograrlo. Analiza la transformación del movimiento por los derechos de las mujeres en el contexto de las reformas socio-legales en el país. El estudio examinará tres períodos distintos en el movimiento por los derechos de las mujeres, con especial atención a la era de la Revolución posterior a 1979. La dinastía Qajar, 1796-1921, donde las mujeres fueron privadas sistemática y socioculturalmente de sus derechos económicos, sociales y políticos básicos. La era Pahlavi, 1925-79, donde hubo un período de algunos cambios para las mujeres. Finalmente, la Revolución posterior a 1979 y el surgimiento de la República Islámica, donde las mujeres perdieron los derechos que habían obtenido con anterioridad. Este estudio intentará demostrar que, aunque las mujeres iraníes aún no han logrado la igualdad legal, continúan persiguiéndola activamente. En esta búsqueda, han desafiado con éxito el sesgo de género del sistema legal iraní, el cual ha perdido en ello su legitimidad. De forma más relevante, el contexto social ha ido evolucionando a fin de dar cabida a la igualdad de derechos para las mujeres.

This article is a review of the policies implemented during the two periods of government of the Farabundo Martí Front for National Liberation in El Salvador, from 2009 to 2018. Changes in public spending and investment, such as increased financing, are evaluated. to the Social Investment Fund for Local Development, the benefits for public school students: free school lunch programs, the Glass of Milk, etc .; as well as changes in the legal framework, such as the Law on Medicines; or innovative programs such as Ciudad Mujer. These measures, with respect to the neoliberal policies of the previous governments, allow us to infer that despite the little margin that the Executive has, with respect to the other powers of the State, it is incorrect to assume that the FMLN has been self-complacent and has accepted the economic model inherited of the administrations of Arena ; El presente artículo es una revisión de las políticas implementadas durante los dos periodos de gobierno del Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional en El Salvador, de 2009 a 2018. Se evalúan los cambios en el gasto y la inversión pública,como el aumento de financiamiento al Fondo de Inversión Social para el Desarrollo Local, los beneficios para los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas: programas de almuerzo escolar gratis, el Vaso de Leche, etc.; así como cambios en el marco jurídico, como la Ley de Medicamentos; o programas novedosos como Ciudad Mujer. Estas medidas, respecto a las políticas neoliberales de los gobiernos anteriores, permiten inferir que a pesar del poco margen que tiene el Ejecutivo, respecto a los otros poderes del Estado, es incorrecto asumir que el FMLN ha sido autocomplaciente y ha aceptado el modelo económico heredado de las administraciones de Arena.

The process of integration of Mercosur is a project at political, economic, and social level, its development has been gradual and, like the European Union, its main function is to deepen its institutional structure from an intergovernmental to a supranational phase, consolidating the Common Market and its democratization within the bloc. Mercosur is also a key instrument that allows our region to advance through the relations of cooperation with the European Union, despite the difficulties that have occurred along this inter-regional cooperation process. The beneficiaries are not only the Member States but also all the citizens of these regions. Despite the progress, there are important challenges ahead for Mercosur and the Region, among which we wish to emphasize: education, the fight against hunger, the promotion and respect of human rights, the rule of law and the democracy. ; El proceso de integración del Mercosur constituye un proyecto a nivel político, económico y social; su desarrollo ha sido gradual y, al igual que la Unión Europea, su función principal es profundizar su estructura institucional desde lo intergubernamental hacia lo supranacional, consolidando el Mercado Común y su democratización al interior del bloque. El Mercosur es además un instrumento clave, que permite a nuestra región avanzar en las relaciones de cooperación con la Unión Europea, aun a pesar de las dificultades que se han dado a lo largo de este proceso de cooperación interregional. Sus principales beneficiarios no son sólo los Estados miembros, sino todos los ciudadanos de estas regiones. No obstante los avances, se observan desafíos pendientes muy importantes para el Mercosur y la Región, entre los cuales nos interesa destacar la educación, la lucha contra el hambre, la promoción y respeto de los derechos humanos, el estado de derecho y la democracia.

El propósito del presente trabajo fue el de comprobar el impacto de la ley valenciana 5/2011 de "Relaciones familiares de los hijos e hijas cuyos progenitores no conviven", a través de los procedimientos de modificación de medidas, que permiten demandar y sentenciar un cambio de guarda y custodia, si así se estimase oportuno. Para este fin, se ha realizado un análisis comparativo de todas las sentencias de este tipo de procedimientos de un Juzgado de Familia entre los años 2011 y 2012 (N = 261). En concreto, se han comparado las sentencias correspondientes al año 2011 (N = 134), año anterior a la entrada en vigor de la ley, y las del año 2012 (N = 127). De entrada, este descenso per se, ya contradice la idea de efecto de demandas masivas que se pudo presuponer a priori del cambio de ley. Además, en las motivaciones de las modificaciones demandadas de manera contenciosa del año 2012, está más presente la voluntad de modificar los gastos para con los hijos/as menores, que una coparentalidad equitativa en tiempos y recursos similares. ; The aim of this work was to observe the impact of the Valencian Regional Government's Act 5/2011 on "Family relationships of children whose parents do not live together", throughout demanding processes trying to change previous judgments on custody. To do so, a comparative analysis was performed of this type of processes in a Family Court in the Valencian Region, during 2011 and 2012. Specifically, 261 processes were compared: 134 from the year before the law came into effect (2011) and 127 from the year immediately after it came into force (2012). Results showed that during the first year following the enactment of the law there was a slight decrease in the number of these demanding processes. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, the reduction of child support (versus a real co-parenting distribution of time and resources) was the main motivation presented to initiate these contested processes in 2012.

The paper provides insight in to the concept of cryptocurrency as considered by national and foreign authors, the principles of its functioning and the need to establish its legal status. Formulated is the definition of cryptocurrency, and the thesis that cryptocurrency can be classified as "other property" is grounded. The need for an official legislative definition of cryptocurrency attributes to the growth of transactions, cryptocurrencies trading at "official" marketplaces, and a change in the Russian government'sattitude towards cryptocurrencies from its banning to acceptance. One of the threats to the cryptocurrency turnover in financial markets was its "imaginary" anonymity –it has been generally accepted that cryptocurrency transactions are completely anonymous. However, all transactions are recorded on a public blockchain, and the key problem is to identify the account holder. Thus, it is not the account holder's identity that is anonymous, but rather an actual transaction. In our opinion, this problem can be solved by applying a series of computer-aided tests.

The aim of the article was to carry out a socio-philosophical analysis of the legal mentality in the context of European integration processes. Comparative and observational methods were the main methodological tools. The research revealed that the legal mentality of the EU population is characterized by respect for the law, human rights and freedoms. The rights of the individual are recognized as priority over the rights of the state. The Ukrainian legal mentality is characterized by legal nihilism, legal idealism, statism, anomie, detachment from legal culture and ambivalence. It is concluded that, the consolidation of civil society with public authority during the military aggression of the Russian Federation indicates positive changes in the legal mentality. There are some positive changes in the attitude of the EU population towards the future EU membership of Ukraine. Increased legal awareness is a necessary component for the development of Ukraine's legal mentality. The current achievements embodied in the national and European legal mentality in the EU countries can be guidelines for Ukraine to achieve its goal of European integration.

In this work we reflect on the basic knowledge to be provided to engineers when the invention takes place within a university, in this case and because of the connection and teaching provided, we will place it at the University of València, taking into account the specific legislation on the subject, in addition to the applicable general legislation, with a view to establishing the legal framework and resolving certain doubts raised by the engineer when he obtains a result protected by industrial property in the university sector. The methodology used focuses on the analysis of the applicable legislation, with recent changes in the field of patents, as well as on the main problems of industrial property in the field of research at a university. The results indicate that the rules regulate invention correctly, and that the investigator sometimes does not know the main regulatory aspects applicable to him, and that appropriate training is therefore necessary to avoid situations that may affect the research carried out. Ramón Fernández, F. (2015). Engineering and industrial property in universities: legal framework and some common doubts. Magazine La Property Intangible. (20): 39-56. doi:10.18601/16571959.n20.03 ; 39 56 20 ; In this work we reflect on the basic knowledge to be provided to engineers when the invention takes place within a university, in this case and because of the connection and teaching provided, we will place it at the University of València, taking into account the specific legislation on the subject, in addition to the applicable general legislation, with a view to establishing the legal framework and resolving certain doubts raised by the engineer when he obtains a result protected by industrial property in the university sector. The methodology used focuses on the analysis of the applicable legislation, with recent changes in the field of patents, as well as on the main problems of industrial property in the field of research at a university. The results indicate that the rules regulate ...