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The Law & Anthropology Yearbook brings together a collection of studies that discuss legal problems raised by cultural differences between people and the law to which they are subject. Volume 12 contains articles dealing with the topic of Indigenous Peoples, Constitutional States, and Treaties or Other Constructive Arrangements between Peoples and States

Argentina /Eleonora Lamm --Australia /Mary Keyes --Belgium /Gerd Verschelden and Jinske Verhellen --Brazil /Nadia de Araujo, Daniela Vargas and Leticia de Campos Velho Martel --The People's Republic of China /Zhengxin Huo --Czech Republic /Monika Pauknerova --France /Louis Perreau-Saussine and Nicolas Sauvage --Germany /Susanne L Gössl --Greece /Konstantinos A. Rokas --Guatemala /Jaime Tecu and Eleonora Lamm --Hungary /Csongor Istvan Nagy --India /Usha Rengachary Smerdon --Ireland /Maebh Harding --Israel /Sharon Shakargy --Japan /Marcelo de Alcantara --Mexico /Eleonora Lamm --The Netherlands /Ian Curry-Sumner and Machteld Vonk --New Zealand /Claire Achmad --Russia /Olga Khazova --South Africa /Melodie Slabbert and Christa Roodt --Spain /Patricia Orejudo Prieto de Los Mozos --Ukraine /Gennadiy Druzenko --United Kingdom /Michael Wells-Greco --United States of America /Steven H Snyder --Venezuela /Eleonora Lamm --A Possible Future Instrument on International Surrogacy Arrangements : Are There Lessons to be Learnt from the 1993 Hague Intercountry Adoption Convention? /Hannah Baker --Thinking 'Through' Human Rights: The Need for a Human Rights Perspective With Respect to the Regulation of Cross-border Reproductive Surrogacy /Yasmine Ergas --General Report on Surrogacy /Katarina Trimmings and Paul Beaumont.

Cover -- Table of Contents -- Abbreviations -- Glossary of key terms used in this research -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Setting the scene -- 1.3 Jurisdictional approaches -- 1.4 Developing the existing research -- 1.5 Research questions -- 1.6 Research aims -- 1.7 Research approach and methodology -- 1.8 The importance of Europe for this research -- 1.9 Research structure -- 1.9.1 Chapter Two: Mapping the policy issues -- 1.9.2 Chapter Three: A comparative perspective -- 1.9.3 Chapter Four: Surrogacy and human rights

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Part I: Vulnerable Groups: Defining the Ever-Changing Concept -- Definition of Vulnerable Groups -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Defining Vulnerability: A Sociological Approach -- 2.1 Concepts and Definitions -- 2.2 Power, Social Norms and Recognition -- 2.3 Vulnerability and Participatory Research -- 3 A Legal Approach: Vulnerability and Vulnerable Groups in International Law -- 3.1 Key Documents of International Human Rights Law and Vulnerable Groups Referred in Them -- 3.2 Identifying Vulnerable Groups: General Trends in International Instruments -- 3.3 Instruments Entirely Dedicated to Concrete Vulnerable Groups -- 3.3.1 National and Ethnic Minorities in International Instruments -- 3.3.2 Instruments Protecting (Specific Groups of) Women -- 3.3.3 Vulnerability of Children -- 3.3.4 Instruments Designed to Protect People with Disabilities -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Books and Articles -- Legal Acts -- Other Resources -- Vulnerable Groups in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Use of the Concept of `Vulnerable Groups´ in the ECtHR´s Reasoning -- 3 Vulnerable Groups in ECtHR Case Law -- 3.1 Roma Cases (Discrimination Based on Ethnic Origin/Race) -- 3.2 Persons with Mental or Physical Disability -- 3.2.1 Mental Disability -- 3.2.2 Physical Disability -- 3.3 HIV Positive -- 3.4 Persons Deprived of Liberty -- 3.5 Asylum Seekers -- 3.6 Children -- 3.7 Women -- 3.8 LGBT -- 3.9 Socio-economic Vulnerability -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Books and Articles -- Other Resources -- Case Law -- The Role of Constitutional Justice Institutions in the Protection of Vulnerable Groups -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Constitutional Justice Institutions in the Democratic Transition and Protection of Human Rights.

Journeys in search of refuge -- Refuge as a concept and place -- Using human and refugee rights to resist encampment -- Using human rights law to travel in search of refuge in Europe -- Direct challenges to regional containment instruments -- Seeking refuge as a Palestinian refugee -- Resisting the prospect of refuge in an IDP camp -- Elusive refuge.

Looking at global case studies this collection explores the interplay between feminist activism and land reform. It investigates at the successes as well as the failures of reform efforts, the processes of law making and feminist legal advocacy as well as the ways in which these processes have been shaped by historical and socio-political contexts

Following the internationalisation of the indigenous rights movement, a growing number of African hunter-gatherers, pastoralists and other communities have adopted indigenousness in claiming special legal protection. Their legal claims as the indigenous peoples of Africa are backed by many international actors such as indigenous rights activists, donors and scholars. However, indigenous identification is resisted by many African governments, some community members and some anthropologists. Felix Mukwiza Ndahinda explores the sources of indigenous identification in Africa and its legal and poli

This study explores the consequences of the theory of necessity for the interpretation of key concepts of refugee law and concludes that a generous refugee practice can be conceived and logically justified even if a restrictive immigration policy is a political reality

The essays in this book reveals key themes of mobilization in human rights law through case studies, and discuss topics such as which groups claim rights, what they are mobilizing to protect, the goals they pursue, the forums they use, the obstacles they encounter, and the extent of their success.

pt. I. Controversial religious groups and the legal system -- pt. II. Specific legal cases involving minority eligious groups -- pt. III. Legal issues raised by cases involving minority faiths --pt. IV. Minority religious groups in court : experimental evidence.

Contents -- Preface to the Revised and Updated Edition -- Acknowledgments -- A Note on Whiteness -- 1. White Lines -- 2. Racial Restrictions in the Law of Citizenship -- 3. The Prerequisite Cases -- 4. "Ozawa" and "Thind" -- 5. The Legal Construction of Race -- 6. White Race-Consciousness -- 7. The Value to Whites of Whiteness -- 8. Colorbind White Dominance -- Appendix A: The Racial Prerequisite Cases -- Appendix B: Excerpts from Selected Prerequisite Cases -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Table of Legal Authorities -- Index -- About the Author