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Religious liberties are at the centre of many debates on how liberal democratic societies can accommodate diversity. This book considers the interaction between law and religion from a broad international, comparative and jurisprudential perspective and proposes a new theoretical approach to religious liberty that both transcends and transforms current approaches to religious rights. Not only does the discussion draw on the work of a range of legal and political philosophers including John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin and John Finnis, it also tests the validity of the various proposals against actual 'hard cases' derived from multiple jurisdictions. In so doing, the analysis overcomes longstanding challenges to existing religious rights regimes and identifies a new theoretical paradigm that specifically addresses the challenges associated with religiously pluralist societies. Through this type of interdisciplinary analysis, the book identifies a religio-legal system that both religious and non-religious people can support

The right to privacy is relatively new but has ever increasing importance. Different approaches toward its protection do exist at the moment; however, they all face challenges due to rapid technological and global changes. This article presents an idea of a new legal paradigm and its application in privacy protection. This legal paradigm gives equal attention to the forming of state-made law and social norms. It also emphasizes the cooperative relationship between the two lawmaking efforts. The new legal paradigm requires a shift from the traditional internal legal point of view, which overlooks the importance of social normative formation. Such a shift, however, may not be equally difficult in the Chinese-speaking world, where social norms derived from efforts searching for proper relationship among different roles in a society have long been the teaching of the Confucian school. Within the Confucian teaching, this article searches for the traditional Chinese idea of privacy and how it is placed in a series of self-cultivation needed to bring order to the societies, following with a preliminary sketch of the current development of privacy protection in Taiwan to demonstrate its distinctiveness under such Confucian influence, i.e., emphasizing private ordering much more than legislative and administrative lawmaking. Since the success of the Taiwanese approach, or all future successful privacy protection, requires public spheres where concerns of different stakeholders can be reflected and dealt with, this article ends with a critical description of the development of the new research area, i.e., e-participation, and suggests how e-participation can be benefited by the idea of the new legal paradigm. Adapted from the source document.

Congress has maintained an interest in the effects of gang violence in Central America, and on the expanding activities of transnational gangs with ties to that region operating in the United States. Since FY2008, Congress has appropriated significant amounts of funding for anti-gang efforts in Central America, as well as domestic anti-gang programs. This book examines the U.S.- funded international anti-gang efforts and describes the gang problem in Central America; discusses country approaches to deal with the gangs; and analyzes U.S. policy with respect to gangs in Central America. The book

The world's only annual publication devoted to the study of the laws of armed conflict, "The Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law" provides a truly international forum for high-quality, peer-reviewed academic articles focusing on this highly topical branch of international law. Ease of use of the Yearbook is guaranteed by the inclusion of a detailed index. Distinguished by its topicality and contemporary relevance, "The Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law" bridges the gap between theory and practice and serves as a useful reference tool for scholars, practition

COVER -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- PART A. MARITIME LABOUR CONVENTION, 2006 -- Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 -- Amendments of 2014 to the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 -- Resolutions adopted by the International Labour Conference at its 94th (Maritime) Session, Geneva, February 2006 -- Frequently asked questions (FAQ), Fourth (revised) edition, 2015 -- PART B. SEAFARERS' IDENTITY DOCUMENTS -- Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003 (No. 235) -- PART C. FISHING -- Work in Fishing Convention, 2007 (No. 188) -- Work in Fishing Recommendation, 2007 (No. 199) -- Resolutions on Fishing adopted by the International Labour Conference at its 96th Session, Geneva, 2007 -- PART D. THE FUNDAMENTAL CONVENTIONS -- Freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining -- Elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour -- Effective abolition of child labour -- Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation -- ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and its follow-up -- ANNEXES -- I. List of ratifications of the MLC, 2006 (as at 31 January 2015) -- II. List of ratifications of maritime labour Conventions (as at 31 January 2015) -- III. List of maritime labour Reccomendations -- IV. Chart of ratifications of maritime Conventions and other international labour Conventions referred to in this volume (as at 31 January 2015) -- V. Declaration of applications of maritime and other international labour Conventions to non-metropolitan territories (as at 31 January 2015).

1. Introduction - Regional approaches to the protection of asylum seekers : an international legal perspective / Ademola Abass and Francesca Ippolito -- 2. The African Union legal framework for protecting asylum seekers / Ademola Abass and Dominique Mystris -- 3. The role of the African human rights system with reference to asylum seekers / Gino J. Naldi and Cristiano d'Orsi -- 4. Sub-regional frameworks for the protection of asylum seekers and refugees in Africa : bringing relief closer to trouble zones / Solomon T. Ebobrah -- 5. The African national human rights institutions and the protection of asylum seekers : existing practices and opportunities through the optional protocol to the UN Convention Against Torture / Elina Steinerte -- 6. Establishing the common European asylum system : 'it's a long long way to Tipperary' / Francesca Ippolito -- 7. External aspects of EU asylum law and policy : 'new' ways to address 'old' woes / Samantha Velluti -- 8. The international protection of refugees and asylum seekers : the role of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights / Colin Harvey -- 9. 'The Right to have Rights' : the European Convention on Human Rights and the procedural rights of asylum seekers / Gina Clayton -- 10. The protection of asylum seekers with particular reference to African women : the contribution to the contemporary jurisprudence / Rebecca Wallace -- 11. Fora and programmes for refugees in Latin America / Liliana Lyra Jubilut -- 12. Protection of asylum seekers under the inter-American human rights system / David James Cantor and Stefania Barichello -- 13. ASEAN and the conceptualization of refugee protection in Southeastern Asian states / Susan Kneebone -- 14. The 1989 Comprehensive Plan of Action (CPA) and refugee policy in Southeast Asia : twenty years forward what has changed? / Sara E. Davies -- 15. The protection of asylum seekers in East Asian state parties to the 1951 convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 protocol / Kelley Loper -- 16. Conclusions : the future of the regional protection of asylum seekers / Ademola Abass and Francesca Ippolito.

Entrapping asylum seekers: introduction / Alison Gerard and Francesco Vecchio -- Unmasking the cultural construction of asylum screening at the border / Olga Jubany -- Beyond the border spectacle: migration across the Mediterranean Sea / Pierluigi Musaró -- Seeking asylum in neoliberal Cairo: refugee protests and the securitization of Humanitarianism / Elisa Pascucci -- Contesting entrapment: women asylum seekers in Hong Kong / Alison Gerard -- 'This Time I Am Going to Cross!': fighting entrapment processes through the Provision of Human Smuggling Services on the US-Mexico border / Gabriella E. Sanchez -- Asylum seekers and strategic litigation / Frances Webber -- 'Hostile' UK immigration policy and asylum seekers' susceptibility to forced labour / Hannah Lewis, Louise Waite, and Stuart Hodkinson -- Funding precarity: non-profit organization and refugee negotiation of Italian and European asylum policies / Michele Manocchi -- Asylum seeker materiality and identity-building: shapes of socio-legal incarceration / Francesco Vecchio

chapter Introduction -- part Part I: Origins -- chapter 1 Janusz Korczak-His Legacy and its Relevance for Children's Rights Today -- chapter 2 Transnational treaties on children's rights: Norm building and circulation in the twentieth century -- chapter 3 Are Children's Rights Still Human? -- chapter 4 Role of the United States in the Drafting of the Convention on the Rights of the Child -- part Part II: Influential Scholarship -- chapter 5 The value and values of children's rights -- chapter 6 Out of children's needs, children's rights: The child's voice in defining the family -- chapter 7 The Interests of the child and the child's wishes: the role of dynamic self-determinism -- part Part III: Implementation -- chapter 8 International Human Rights Law: Imperialist, Inept and Ineffective? Cultural Relativism and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child -- chapter 9 Reservations to the Convention on the Rights of the Child -- chapter 10 Incorporation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in Law: A Comparative Review -- chapter 11 Miseducating children about their rights -- part Part IV: International Reach -- chapter 12 The CRC in Litigation under EU Law -- chapter 13 Chicken soup or chainsaws: some implications of the constitutionalisation of children's rights in South Africa -- chapter 14 The "Politics" of Children's Rights and Child Labour in India: A Social Constructionist Perspective -- chapter 15 Constitutional Fidelity through Children's Rights -- part Part V: Interdisciplinary Scholarship -- chapter 16 Children's rights: Some feminist approaches to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child -- chapter 17 The rights of children, the rights of nations: Developmental theory and the politics of children's rights -- chapter 18 A Person's a Person: Children's Rights in Children's Literature -- part Part VI: Involving Children -- chapter 19 Participation Rights of Premature Babies -- chapter 20 What responsibility do courts have to hear children's voices? -- chapter 21 Children's rights and research processes: Assisting children to (in)formed views -- part Part VII: Issues that are Contested -- chapter 22 The Unborn Child and Abortion Under the Draft Convention on the Rights of the Child -- chapter 23 Child Imprisonment: A case for Abolition? -- chapter 24 Public international law and the regulation of private spaces: Does the convention on the rights of the child impose an obligation on states to allow gay and lesbian couples to adopt? -- chapter 25 Some Australian children's perceptions of physical punishment in childhood.