Suchergebnisse

Adapted from the source document.

This master's thesis is aimed at identifying and analyzing cases of use of force, which happened in the last twenty years. In order to achieve this goal, the following study is performed. Firstly, historical aspects of this principle are analyzed. Doctrine of just war is briefly reviewed. The activities of the League of Nations are discussed whether international peace and security is insured. Secondly, the content of prohibition of the threat or use of force is investigated. Legal framework of the principle is investigated. Regulation is established and the relation of this principle to other international law principles is assessed. Thirdly, the United Nations Security Council's duty to support international peace and security is explored. Lithuania's work in the Security Council is laconically reviewed. Fourthly, exceptions to this principle are discussed. Conceptions of individual self-defense, collective self-defense, preemptive self-defense and humanitarian intervention are presented. The criteria of legitimacy of self-defense and the problematic aspects of preemptive self-defense are discussed. Illegal humanitarian intervention in Liberia, Iraq and Kosovo is discussed. Furthermore, military conflicts, their causes and course in Ukraine, Syria and Yemen are analyzed in detail. The decision of the United States to recognize the sovereignty of Israel in the annexed territories has been assessed. Security Council and General Assembly resolutions were reviewed. Expressed opinions of the Security Council members was reviewed and the issue of cyber security was addressed as well.

This master's thesis is aimed at identifying and analyzing cases of use of force, which happened in the last twenty years. In order to achieve this goal, the following study is performed. Firstly, historical aspects of this principle are analyzed. Doctrine of just war is briefly reviewed. The activities of the League of Nations are discussed whether international peace and security is insured. Secondly, the content of prohibition of the threat or use of force is investigated. Legal framework of the principle is investigated. Regulation is established and the relation of this principle to other international law principles is assessed. Thirdly, the United Nations Security Council's duty to support international peace and security is explored. Lithuania's work in the Security Council is laconically reviewed. Fourthly, exceptions to this principle are discussed. Conceptions of individual self-defense, collective self-defense, preemptive self-defense and humanitarian intervention are presented. The criteria of legitimacy of self-defense and the problematic aspects of preemptive self-defense are discussed. Illegal humanitarian intervention in Liberia, Iraq and Kosovo is discussed. Furthermore, military conflicts, their causes and course in Ukraine, Syria and Yemen are analyzed in detail. The decision of the United States to recognize the sovereignty of Israel in the annexed territories has been assessed. Security Council and General Assembly resolutions were reviewed. Expressed opinions of the Security Council members was reviewed and the issue of cyber security was addressed as well.

This master's thesis is aimed at identifying and analyzing cases of use of force, which happened in the last twenty years. In order to achieve this goal, the following study is performed. Firstly, historical aspects of this principle are analyzed. Doctrine of just war is briefly reviewed. The activities of the League of Nations are discussed whether international peace and security is insured. Secondly, the content of prohibition of the threat or use of force is investigated. Legal framework of the principle is investigated. Regulation is established and the relation of this principle to other international law principles is assessed. Thirdly, the United Nations Security Council's duty to support international peace and security is explored. Lithuania's work in the Security Council is laconically reviewed. Fourthly, exceptions to this principle are discussed. Conceptions of individual self-defense, collective self-defense, preemptive self-defense and humanitarian intervention are presented. The criteria of legitimacy of self-defense and the problematic aspects of preemptive self-defense are discussed. Illegal humanitarian intervention in Liberia, Iraq and Kosovo is discussed. Furthermore, military conflicts, their causes and course in Ukraine, Syria and Yemen are analyzed in detail. The decision of the United States to recognize the sovereignty of Israel in the annexed territories has been assessed. Security Council and General Assembly resolutions were reviewed. Expressed opinions of the Security Council members was reviewed and the issue of cyber security was addressed as well.

This master's thesis is aimed at identifying and analyzing cases of use of force, which happened in the last twenty years. In order to achieve this goal, the following study is performed. Firstly, historical aspects of this principle are analyzed. Doctrine of just war is briefly reviewed. The activities of the League of Nations are discussed whether international peace and security is insured. Secondly, the content of prohibition of the threat or use of force is investigated. Legal framework of the principle is investigated. Regulation is established and the relation of this principle to other international law principles is assessed. Thirdly, the United Nations Security Council's duty to support international peace and security is explored. Lithuania's work in the Security Council is laconically reviewed. Fourthly, exceptions to this principle are discussed. Conceptions of individual self-defense, collective self-defense, preemptive self-defense and humanitarian intervention are presented. The criteria of legitimacy of self-defense and the problematic aspects of preemptive self-defense are discussed. Illegal humanitarian intervention in Liberia, Iraq and Kosovo is discussed. Furthermore, military conflicts, their causes and course in Ukraine, Syria and Yemen are analyzed in detail. The decision of the United States to recognize the sovereignty of Israel in the annexed territories has been assessed. Security Council and General Assembly resolutions were reviewed. Expressed opinions of the Security Council members was reviewed and the issue of cyber security was addressed as well.

The dominant attitudes of public administration paradigm change and reasons of this change are presented in this article on the base of analysis of recent scientific publications. The materials of well-known international journals and other publications in public administration, as well as materials of global forums on reinventing government were used for analysis. It is emphasized, that previously widely used notions "New Public Administration" and "New Public Management" lately were partially changed by the notion of "New Governance" and its variations "Good Governance" and "Collaborative Governance". However, spread of these notions is not large and for analysis of public administration development problems sometimes it is more preferable to use notions which describe concrete aspects of public administration. It is argued that a great impact to the further development of contemporary public administration has globalization, spread of information technologies, training the next generation of leaders and so on.

The dominant attitudes of public administration paradigm change and reasons of this change are presented in this article on the base of analysis of recent scientific publications. The materials of well-known international journals and other publications in public administration, as well as materials of global forums on reinventing government were used for analysis. It is emphasized, that previously widely used notions "New Public Administration" and "New Public Management" lately were partially changed by the notion of "New Governance" and its variations "Good Governance" and "Collaborative Governance". However, spread of these notions is not large and for analysis of public administration development problems sometimes it is more preferable to use notions which describe concrete aspects of public administration. It is argued that a great impact to the further development of contemporary public administration has globalization, spread of information technologies, training the next generation of leaders and so on.

The dominant attitudes of public administration paradigm change and reasons of this change are presented in this article on the base of analysis of recent scientific publications. The materials of well-known international journals and other publications in public administration, as well as materials of global forums on reinventing government were used for analysis. It is emphasized, that previously widely used notions "New Public Administration" and "New Public Management" lately were partially changed by the notion of "New Governance" and its variations "Good Governance" and "Collaborative Governance". However, spread of these notions is not large and for analysis of public administration development problems sometimes it is more preferable to use notions which describe concrete aspects of public administration. It is argued that a great impact to the further development of contemporary public administration has globalization, spread of information technologies, training the next generation of leaders and so on.

The dominant attitudes of public administration paradigm change and reasons of this change are presented in this article on the base of analysis of recent scientific publications. The materials of well-known international journals and other publications in public administration, as well as materials of global forums on reinventing government were used for analysis. It is emphasized, that previously widely used notions "New Public Administration" and "New Public Management" lately were partially changed by the notion of "New Governance" and its variations "Good Governance" and "Collaborative Governance". However, spread of these notions is not large and for analysis of public administration development problems sometimes it is more preferable to use notions which describe concrete aspects of public administration. It is argued that a great impact to the further development of contemporary public administration has globalization, spread of information technologies, training the next generation of leaders and so on.

The last decade in heritage management was determined by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage (2005). The most notable changes are identified in the field of accounting of archaeological heritage, legislation of requirements on archaeological heritage protection, regulation of archaeological excavations. Accounting of archaeological heritage addresses questions for assessment of valuable properties of archaeological heritage and its gradation, as well as relevant protection strategies. The following instruments of archaeological heritage management are also discussed: information concerning the restrictions in land property use; determination of conditions and permissible activities in heritage territories and protection zones; determination of cases, when archaeological excavations should be conducted. Regulations of archaeological excavations, as well as issues of archaeological heritage preservation in situ are described.

The last decade in heritage management was determined by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage (2005). The most notable changes are identified in the field of accounting of archaeological heritage, legislation of requirements on archaeological heritage protection, regulation of archaeological excavations. Accounting of archaeological heritage addresses questions for assessment of valuable properties of archaeological heritage and its gradation, as well as relevant protection strategies. The following instruments of archaeological heritage management are also discussed: information concerning the restrictions in land property use; determination of conditions and permissible activities in heritage territories and protection zones; determination of cases, when archaeological excavations should be conducted. Regulations of archaeological excavations, as well as issues of archaeological heritage preservation in situ are described.

The last decade in heritage management was determined by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage (2005). The most notable changes are identified in the field of accounting of archaeological heritage, legislation of requirements on archaeological heritage protection, regulation of archaeological excavations. Accounting of archaeological heritage addresses questions for assessment of valuable properties of archaeological heritage and its gradation, as well as relevant protection strategies. The following instruments of archaeological heritage management are also discussed: information concerning the restrictions in land property use; determination of conditions and permissible activities in heritage territories and protection zones; determination of cases, when archaeological excavations should be conducted. Regulations of archaeological excavations, as well as issues of archaeological heritage preservation in situ are described.

The last decade in heritage management was determined by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage (2005). The most notable changes are identified in the field of accounting of archaeological heritage, legislation of requirements on archaeological heritage protection, regulation of archaeological excavations. Accounting of archaeological heritage addresses questions for assessment of valuable properties of archaeological heritage and its gradation, as well as relevant protection strategies. The following instruments of archaeological heritage management are also discussed: information concerning the restrictions in land property use; determination of conditions and permissible activities in heritage territories and protection zones; determination of cases, when archaeological excavations should be conducted. Regulations of archaeological excavations, as well as issues of archaeological heritage preservation in situ are described.

Doubts could be excluded if a specialized national judicial institution or an international judicial institution such as the European Court of Justice would deal with cases concerning state liability for the acts of the courts of last instance. Lastly, it is submitted that a state does not infringe upon the principle of nondiscrimination if it implements into national law the principle of state liability for acts infringing EC law and attributable to the courts of last instance and does not provide analogous legal remedy to individuals that intend to defend rights derived from national law.

Doubts could be excluded if a specialized national judicial institution or an international judicial institution such as the European Court of Justice would deal with cases concerning state liability for the acts of the courts of last instance. Lastly, it is submitted that a state does not infringe upon the principle of nondiscrimination if it implements into national law the principle of state liability for acts infringing EC law and attributable to the courts of last instance and does not provide analogous legal remedy to individuals that intend to defend rights derived from national law.