Suchergebnisse

Human Rights Violations focuses on denials of human rights, with an emphasis on major assaults on rights. Particular attention is paid to events involving government and other large-scale abuses of rights.

Vergleichende tabellarische Darstellung des Zahlenmaterials von fünf Organisationen, die Menschenrechtsverletzungen in den besetzten Gebieten dokumentieren, über palästinensische Todesopfer und zerstörte palästinensische Häuser von Dezember 1987 bis Dezember 1990. (DÜI-Hns)

Human rights; eastern Turkistan

The persistence of human rights violations around the world clearly demonstrates the need to focus more attention on preventive action. Consequently, international organizations are increasingly strengthening the preventive dimension of their human rights activities. Preventive mechanisms have also emerged and continue to gain ground at the national level. These new realities, however, seem to have received little attention by the academic community. Yet they raise many important issues, which need to be further explored. The above considerations prompted the Marangopoulos Foundation for Human Rights to mark its twentieth anniversary by organizing an International Colloquy on the topic of the prevention of human rights violations. The present Volume contains contributions by the participants, based on the reports they presented at the Colloquy, substantially revised and updated. It constitutes the first attempt at a systematic analysis of the subject of the prevention of human rights violations, focusing on the following five aspects: conventional regimes, non-conventional monitoring mechanisms, international commissioners and Ombudsmen, national Ombudsmen and human rights institutions and the development of a human rights culture. It closes with a theoretical synthesis of the various approaches to the prevention of human rights violations, focusing on the context, the concept and function, as well as methods and techniques of prevention

Difficult as it is to admit, poverty cannot be defined in law. In the tension between dealing with poverty and focusing on extreme poverty, there is an indeterminacy that makes democracies inattentive to the economic and social dynamics of poverty as inequality. As a result, responses to extreme poverty, especially when they are explicitly targeted or preferential, violate the fundamental equality of rights and dignity that they are supposed, formally, to express. Measures for the underprivileged thus do not offer them a way out from their status, but rather, paradoxically, lead them to qualify their suffering, and to find in favours received the strength to think of themselves as poor without being exposed to the terrors of extreme poverty. In a sense, such people, who depend on minimal welfare granted to them, have no "rights". Should we thus learn to think of poverty as an inevitable and unavoidable phenomenon in a world that claims to work to guarantee human rights, civil and political rights, economic, social, and cultural rights? (Original abstract)

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Table of Treaties -- Table of Cases -- Resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly -- Chapter I. Introduction -- 1. Aim -- 2. Role of Value in Legal Enquiry -- 3. Dual Character of Law (Method of Enquiry) -- Chapter II. Individual Responsibility in Positive Laws of War -- 1. In General -- 2. War Crimes -- (i) Before Nuremburg -- Early Customary Law -- Hague Conventions and Regulations -- Inter-War Period -- (ii) Nuremburg Charter and Judgments -- (iii) Content and Legal Status of the Norm Since Nuremburg -- 3. Crimes Against Peace -- 4. Crimes Against Humanity -- (i) Before Nuremburg -- (ii) Nuremburg Charter and Judgments -- (iii) Content and Legal Status of the Norm Since Nuremburg -- 5. Significance of the Nuremburg Trials and Expansion of 'Crimes Against Humanity' -- 6. The Geneva Convention System of Grave Breaches -- (i) Substantial Aspects -- (ii) Significance of the System of Grave Breaches -- 7. Defenses to Allegations of International Crimes -- (i) Superior Orders -- (ii) Duress -- (iii) Mistake -- (iv) Military Necessity -- (v) Reprisals -- (vi) Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, 1968 -- Chapter Ill. Individual Responsibility in International Human Rights Law -- 1. Genocide -- (i) Background -- (ii) Substantial and Procedural Aspects of the UN Genocide Convention -- (iii) Present Legal Status of International Norms on Genocide -- 2. Apartheid -- (i) Background -- (ii) Substantial and Procedural Aspects of the UN Apartheid Convention -- (iii) Present Legal Status of International Norms on Apartheid -- 3. Torture -- (i) Background -- (ii) Substantial and Procedural Aspects of the UN Torture Convention -- (iii) Present Legal Status of International Norms on Torture.

Difficult as it is to admit, poverty cannot be defined in law. In the tension between dealing with poverty & focusing on extreme poverty, there is an indeterminacy that makes democracies inattentive to the economic & social dynamics of poverty as inequality. As a result, responses to extreme poverty, especially when they are explicitly targeted or preferential, violate the fundamental equality of rights & dignity that they are supposed, formally, to express. Measures for the underprivileged thus do not offer them a way out from their status, but rather, paradoxically, lead them to qualify their suffering, & to find in favors received the strength to think of themselves as poor without being exposed to the terrors of extreme poverty. In a sense, such people, who depend on minimal welfare granted to them, have no "rights." Should we thus learn to think of poverty as an inevitable & unavoidable phenomenon in a world that claims to work to guarantee human rights, civil & political rights, economic, social, & cultural rights? 8 References. Adapted from the source document.

This volume maps out the response of states to human rights violations. It covers the period 1946-1999 and offers a complete and unmatched record for this period. Its starting point is that such responses are not established and accepted state practice. Traditional, if unwritten, norms of states' behaviour developed through centuries of silence and inaction; the prevalent reaction to human rights violations by another state remains the absence of any response. Furthermore, this book probes into evidence of active and passive complicity by reviewing aid to countries in which violations have been taking place and diplomatic initiatives undertaken to shield violators from public opprobrium. Since international law is generated through state practice, the book highlights the ongoing tussle between the pre-1946 heritage of silence and inaction and the 1946-1999 haphazard pattern of responses to violations