Suchergebnisse

All companies, regardless of the sector they belong to, can positively or negatively impact human rights. Governments are increasingly aware of the benefits that free trade brings their nations, which has led them to do whatever is necessaryto attract foreign investment, even if it means to act against the interests of their own people. The power relationship between corporations and states generates a tension derived from their nature: while the objective of states is the welfare ofits members, the purpose of corporations is profit. It is in the crack generated by the collision of powers and purposes between these two actors, that this article is intended to raise the discussion on the need to establish an international framework for corporate liability for human rights violations. To achieve its goal, the article will analyze the opportunities and obstacles raised by the exercise of extraterritorial jurisdiction in the American context and its relationship with the developments in the business and human rights field.

All companies, regardless of the sector they belong to, can positively or negatively impact human rights. Governments are increasingly aware of the benefits that free trade brings their nations, which has led them to do whatever is necessaryto attract foreign investment, even if it means to act against the interests of their own people. The power relationship between corporations and states generates a tension derived from their nature: while the objective of states is the welfare ofits members, the purpose of corporations is profit. It is in the crack generated by the collision of powers and purposes between these two actors, that this article is intended to raise the discussion on the need to establish an international framework for corporate liability for human rights violations. To achieve its goal, the article will analyze the opportunities and obstacles raised by the exercise of extraterritorial jurisdiction in the American context and its relationship with the developments in the business and human rights field.

This article justifies the consideration of poverty as a violation of human rights at the individual level, but more specifically at the collective level. To do this, he discusses several proposals of contemporary political philosophy that have dealt with ; Este artículo justifica la consideración de la pobreza como una violación a los derechos humanos a nivel individual, pero más concretamente a nivel colectivo. Para ello discute varias propuestas de la filosofía política contemporánea que se han ocupado de

<p><span class="fontstyle0">El estudio de las políticas de memoria sobre las violaciones a los derechos humanos ocurridas en dictaduras militares, conflictos armados y guerras civiles en el mundo en la historia reciente ha tenido un importante auge en las últimas décadas, constituyéndose en un ámbito de disputas simbólicas entre los relatos del pasado. El objetivo del presente texto es la revisión bibliográfica sobre los trabajos que se han realizado en torno a las políticas de memoria oficiales y no oficiales en los últimos diez años. La búsqueda arrojó un resultado de 128 publicaciones obtenidas en bases de datos como SCOPUS, EBSCO, WOS, Science Direct, Scielo y</span> <span class="fontstyle0">Dialnet. A partir del análisis de los trabajos encontrados se identificaron conceptualizaciones, caracterizaciones y abordajes teóricos en torno a las políticas de memoria. Se discute la presencia de un modelo memorial centrado en las víctimas, siendo sus relatos los que más aparecen en las políticas de memoria, y su dolor, el principal activo para la construcción de éstas.</span> <br /><br /><br /><br /></p>

This article aims to analyze the relationship between corruption and its violation and impact of Human Rights. The following itinerary, in a first moment, contextualizes some academic debates about how corruption has presented itself as a historical, sociological phenomenon and in the field of political science, in a multidisciplinary perspective. Secondly, a brief approach will be taken in the perspective of Hannah Arendt's political philosophy about Human Rights and their contexts in the history of humanity, as well as their importance in the face of the atrocities promoted by totalitarian regimes in the early twentieth century. Finally, the aspects related to the material possibilities of violation of Human Rights and the phenomenon of corruption will be analyzed and to what extent would there be a causal link between corrupt practices and their potential to violate, in a right or indirect way, a right or how acts of corruption can lead to such violations. ; O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre a corrupção e seu impacto e violação aos Direitos Humanos. Para isso, será feito o seguinte itinerário: num primeiro momento, contextualizar alguns debates acadêmicos sobre como a corrupção tem se apresentado como fenômeno histórico, sociológico e no campo da ciência politica, numa perspectiva multidisciplinar. Num segundo momento, será feita uma breve abordagem na perspectiva da filosofia política de Hannah Arendt acerca dos Direitos Humanos e seus contextos na história da humanidade, bem como sua importância em face das atrocidades promovidas pelos regimes totalitários no inicio do século xx. No terceiro ponto o objeto de análise corresponde aos aspectos relativos à possiblidades materiais de violação dos Direitos Humanos e o fenômeno da corrupção, e em quê medida existiria o nexo de causalidade entre as práticas corruptas e sua potencialidade em violar de forma direita ou indiretamente um direito humano, ou ainda, de que modo os atos de corrupção podem conduzir a tais violações.

In modern conditions of development of public relations complication of activity of law enforcement agencies is observed. This is due to new challenges in the law enforcement system, including the fight against high levels of the organization and the criminal professionalism of corrupt individuals. Because of this, it is challenging for operational units to identify specific facts of illegal actions with the help of operational and investigative measures. At the same time, the fight against crime by establishing high quantitative indicators of disclosure remains one of the principles of law enforcement in Ukraine, including sometimes deviating from those means established by law. Therefore, the problem of provoking bribery is relevant for scholars of the legislator and law enforcement. The object of the study is criminal liability for provoking bribery. The research methodology consists of such methods as the dialectical method, analytical method, historical method, method of analysis of legal documents, articles, and monographs, method of generalization, comparison, synthesis, and modeling method. The authors identified the features of such liability to clarify the problematic issues of qualification of provoking bribery, and to distinguish the distinctive features of prosecution from other types of crimes.

The article deals with the peculiarities of the application of legal liability for commercial contraband in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. In particular, the authors of the article investigate the feasibility of criminalization of the smuggling of a wide range of goods, and not only withdrawn from the circulation of things and forests, as recorded in the Criminal Code of Ukraine at this moment. In addition to a thorough analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, the authors carried out a comparative analysis of Ukrainian legislation with the legislation of foreign countries, which helped to objectively assess the state of the studied issues in Ukraine. The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods, among which the methods of analysis and synthesis should be noted, as well as special-legal methods, among which it is necessary to distinguish system-functional, and comparative methods. As a result of the study, the authors concluded that the criminalization of commercial smuggling (in connection with additional corruption risks and an increase in law enforcement agencies) is inappropriate. Thus, it is proposed to leave the current legislation of Ukraine in the investigational sphere in the current state and do not make any changes to it.