There are two functions of the state liability principle. The first is to secure individual rights (including economic rights) from a wrongful act conducted by a government, and the second is to compensate for damage caused by the infringement of individual right. Economic right is inherently allowing an individual to pursue economic interest both domestically or globally. In order to accommodate this right, a government is obliged to provide trade rules and mechanisms for every individual to conduct their global economic activities by participating in the WTO. The objective of the WTO significantly corresponds to the individual's right in order to obtain trade benefits. Hence, when a government infringes trade rules and mechanisms underlined in WTO Law, it will directly restrict individuals from gaining trade benefits under the WTO or, moreover, it will restrain individuals from enjoying their inviolable economic rights. When the right is violated, and the damage occurs, it thus leads to the obligation for the government to compensate the damage according to the state liability principle. This article discusses the nexus between the state liability principle and WTO Law, in order to encourage national courts to exercise the function of state liability by referring to the infringement of economic rights caused by the violation of WTO Law.
AbstrakSNI merupakan bentuk nyata keinginan pemerintah dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen. UU No. 8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen tidak menyatakan secara jelas standar dan syarat yang harus dipenuhi pelaku usaha pengaturan hukum perlindungan konsumen terhadap produk SNI wajib dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia, pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha terhadap produk yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI, dan upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) dengan menganalisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen melalui SNI wajib megacu kepada Undang Undang No. 20 Tahun 2014 tentang Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian. Pengaturan standardisasi wajib juga dapat ditemukan di dalam UU Nomor 3 tahun 2014 tentang Perindustrian dan UU Nomor 7 tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan. Pada dasarnya, UU Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian merupakan derivatif dari Pasal 9 ayat 1 huruf (a) UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha terhadap produk yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI adalah mengacu pada pertanggungjawaban produk (product liability). Pelaku usaha dapat diminta pertanggungjawabannya secara perdata dengan memberikan ganti rugi kepada konsumen dengan merujuk kepada Undang Undang Perlindungan Konsumen berkenaan dengan kerugian yang ditimbulkan. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020 sudah tepat sebab berdasarkan fakta yang terungkap dipersidangan dan ternyata air minum dalam kemasan Merek Sanford dapat dimanfaatkan oleh konsumen baik dikonsumsi maupun dijual kepada pihak lain dan konsumen telah mendapatkan manfaatnya serta konsumen mendapatkan keterangan informasi yang benar, jelas dan jujur mengenai kondisi barang, yang diperdagangkan tersebut. Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban, Pelaku Usaha, SNI. AbstractSNI is a tangible form of the government's desire to provide protection to consumers. UU no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection does not clearly state the standards and requirements that must be met by business actors, regulating consumer protection laws for mandatory SNI products in Indonesian legislation, business actors' accountability for products that do not meet SNI obligations, and legal protection efforts for consumers. Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) by analyzing the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020. Legal protection for consumers through SNI must refer to Law no. 20 of 2014 concerning Standardization and Conformity Assessment. Mandatory standardization arrangements can also be found in Law number 3 of 2014 concerning Industry and Law number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade. Basically, the Law on Standardization and Conformity Assessment is a derivative of Article 9 paragraph 1 letter (a) of Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The responsibility of business actors for products that do not meet SNI obligations refers to product liability. Business actors can be held civilly responsible by providing compensation to consumers by referring to the Consumer Protection Act regarding the losses incurred. Legal protection for bottled drinking water (AMDK) consumers in the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020 is correct because based on the facts revealed in court and it turns out that drinking water in the Sanford brand can be used by consumers, both consumed and consumed. sold to other parties and consumers have benefited and consumers have received correct, clear and honest information regarding the condition of the goods being traded. Keywords: Accountability, Business Actor, SNI ; AbstrakSNI merupakan bentuk nyata keinginan pemerintah dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen. UU No. 8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen tidak menyatakan secara jelas standar dan syarat yang harus dipenuhi pelaku usaha pengaturan hukum perlindungan konsumen terhadap produk SNI wajib dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia, pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha terhadap produk yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI, dan upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) dengan menganalisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen melalui SNI wajib megacu kepada Undang Undang No. 20 Tahun 2014 tentang Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian. Pengaturan standardisasi wajib juga dapat ditemukan di dalam UU Nomor 3 tahun 2014 tentang Perindustrian dan UU Nomor 7 tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan. Pada dasarnya, UU Standardisasi dan Penilaian Kesesuaian merupakan derivatif dari Pasal 9 ayat 1 huruf (a) UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha terhadap produk yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban SNI adalah mengacu pada pertanggungjawaban produk (product liability). Pelaku usaha dapat diminta pertanggungjawabannya secara perdata dengan memberikan ganti rugi kepada konsumen dengan merujuk kepada Undang Undang Perlindungan Konsumen berkenaan dengan kerugian yang ditimbulkan. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020 sudah tepat sebab berdasarkan fakta yang terungkap dipersidangan dan ternyata air minum dalam kemasan Merek Sanford dapat dimanfaatkan oleh konsumen baik dikonsumsi maupun dijual kepada pihak lain dan konsumen telah mendapatkan manfaatnya serta konsumen mendapatkan keterangan informasi yang benar, jelas dan jujur mengenai kondisi barang, yang diperdagangkan tersebut. Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban, Pelaku Usaha, SNI. AbstractSNI is a tangible form of the government's desire to provide protection to consumers. UU no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection does not clearly state the standards and requirements that must be met by business actors, regulating consumer protection laws for mandatory SNI products in Indonesian legislation, business actors' accountability for products that do not meet SNI obligations, and legal protection efforts for consumers. Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) by analyzing the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020. Legal protection for consumers through SNI must refer to Law no. 20 of 2014 concerning Standardization and Conformity Assessment. Mandatory standardization arrangements can also be found in Law number 3 of 2014 concerning Industry and Law number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade. Basically, the Law on Standardization and Conformity Assessment is a derivative of Article 9 paragraph 1 letter (a) of Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The responsibility of business actors for products that do not meet SNI obligations refers to product liability. Business actors can be held civilly responsible by providing compensation to consumers by referring to the Consumer Protection Act regarding the losses incurred. Legal protection for bottled drinking water (AMDK) consumers in the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 501 K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2020 is correct because based on the facts revealed in court and it turns out that drinking water in the Sanford brand can be used by consumers, both consumed and consumed. sold to other parties and consumers have benefited and consumers have received correct, clear and honest information regarding the condition of the goods being traded. Keywords: Accountability, Business Actor, SNI
